http://www.jei.org/Archive/JEIR98/9843w2.html
Jim and Micheal, Take a look at the above as an example. A google search with: Japan "negative interest rate" brings a ton of information. I know it because of my favorite inetrest rate model: the Vasicek model. Oldrick (Vasicek) is a friend and this is mainly why I like it so much. Well, just kidding, this is of course the secondary reason: it is an easy model to implement, this is the real reason. People did not like his model because it implied that interest rates can go negative. When Japanese rates went negative, people started to like his model again. Best, Sabri