In perl.git, the branch blead has been updated

<http://perl5.git.perl.org/perl.git/commitdiff/bbea423fb8459d7672244de6ac6e9a18a07189a0?hp=934272c1a42c040b4bd39f09eb0eeced3388942e>

- Log -----------------------------------------------------------------
commit bbea423fb8459d7672244de6ac6e9a18a07189a0
Author: Karl Williamson <[email protected]>
Date:   Mon Feb 20 00:46:05 2017 -0700

    re/fold_grind.t: Allow watchdog timeout to vary
    
    If someone is running on a slow system, and they want fold_grind to
    complete, they can now set an environment variable based on the relative
    slowness of their system, that will be factored in to the length of the
    timer.

M       t/re/fold_grind.t

commit 6aa905cfe4f92b6e895d3bf5a22daa52e36ceb63
Author: Karl Williamson <[email protected]>
Date:   Sun Feb 19 14:14:35 2017 -0700

    Split XS-APItest/t/utf8.t
    
    This test file is one of the longest running ones.  It has three main
    semi-independent parts.  Two of them are split off into 2 files with a
    common file required.  The other part is still long running, so it is
    split so that a common file is used to run the tests, but it is called
    with a chunk number and it only executes based on that chunk.  The
    number of chunks is based on the environment variable TEST_JOBS, up to
    10.  Each chunk executes 1/TEST_JOBS of the total test.  If TEST_JOBS is
    not set, it reverts to 1 chunk.  The alternative would be to revert to
    10, but since there is overhead associated with each new chunk, I chose,
    for now, 1.
    
    There may be a better solution later on, but I think this is good enough
    for now.

M       MANIFEST
M       ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8.t
A       ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_malformed.t
A       ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_setup.pl
A       ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_warn0.t
A       ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_warn1.t
A       ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_warn2.t
A       ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_warn3.t
A       ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_warn4.t
A       ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_warn5.t
A       ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_warn6.t
A       ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_warn7.t
A       ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_warn8.t
A       ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_warn9.t
A       ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_warn_base.pl
-----------------------------------------------------------------------

Summary of changes:
 MANIFEST                                    |   13 +
 ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8.t                     | 1578 +--------------------------
 ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_malformed.t           |  418 +++++++
 ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_setup.pl              |   98 ++
 ext/XS-APItest/t/{handy0.t => utf8_warn0.t} |    2 +-
 ext/XS-APItest/t/{handy1.t => utf8_warn1.t} |    2 +-
 ext/XS-APItest/t/{handy2.t => utf8_warn2.t} |    2 +-
 ext/XS-APItest/t/{handy3.t => utf8_warn3.t} |    2 +-
 ext/XS-APItest/t/{handy4.t => utf8_warn4.t} |    2 +-
 ext/XS-APItest/t/{handy5.t => utf8_warn5.t} |    2 +-
 ext/XS-APItest/t/{handy6.t => utf8_warn6.t} |    2 +-
 ext/XS-APItest/t/{handy7.t => utf8_warn7.t} |    2 +-
 ext/XS-APItest/t/{handy8.t => utf8_warn8.t} |    2 +-
 ext/XS-APItest/t/{handy9.t => utf8_warn9.t} |    2 +-
 ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_warn_base.pl          | 1059 ++++++++++++++++++
 t/re/fold_grind.t                           |    5 +-
 16 files changed, 1641 insertions(+), 1550 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_malformed.t
 create mode 100644 ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_setup.pl
 copy ext/XS-APItest/t/{handy0.t => utf8_warn0.t} (70%)
 copy ext/XS-APItest/t/{handy1.t => utf8_warn1.t} (70%)
 copy ext/XS-APItest/t/{handy2.t => utf8_warn2.t} (70%)
 copy ext/XS-APItest/t/{handy3.t => utf8_warn3.t} (70%)
 copy ext/XS-APItest/t/{handy4.t => utf8_warn4.t} (70%)
 copy ext/XS-APItest/t/{handy5.t => utf8_warn5.t} (70%)
 copy ext/XS-APItest/t/{handy6.t => utf8_warn6.t} (70%)
 copy ext/XS-APItest/t/{handy7.t => utf8_warn7.t} (70%)
 copy ext/XS-APItest/t/{handy8.t => utf8_warn8.t} (70%)
 copy ext/XS-APItest/t/{handy9.t => utf8_warn9.t} (70%)
 create mode 100644 ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_warn_base.pl

diff --git a/MANIFEST b/MANIFEST
index 6ab8b2c597..bf36939d4f 100644
--- a/MANIFEST
+++ b/MANIFEST
@@ -4299,6 +4299,19 @@ ext/XS-APItest/t/temp_lv_sub.t   XS::APItest: tests for 
lvalue subs returning temp
 ext/XS-APItest/t/underscore_length.t   Test find_rundefsv()
 ext/XS-APItest/t/utf16_to_utf8.t       Test behaviour of 
utf16_to_utf8{,reversed}
 ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8.t                Tests for code in utf8.c
+ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_malformed.t      Tests for code in utf8.c
+ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_setup.pl Tests for code in utf8.c
+ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_warn0.t  Tests for code in utf8.c
+ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_warn1.t  Tests for code in utf8.c
+ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_warn2.t  Tests for code in utf8.c
+ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_warn3.t  Tests for code in utf8.c
+ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_warn4.t  Tests for code in utf8.c
+ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_warn5.t  Tests for code in utf8.c
+ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_warn6.t  Tests for code in utf8.c
+ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_warn7.t  Tests for code in utf8.c
+ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_warn8.t  Tests for code in utf8.c
+ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_warn9.t  Tests for code in utf8.c
+ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_warn_base.pl     Tests for code in utf8.c
 ext/XS-APItest/t/weaken.t      XS::APItest: tests for sv_rvweaken() and 
sv_get_backrefs()
 ext/XS-APItest/t/whichsig.t    XS::APItest: tests for whichsig() and variants
 ext/XS-APItest/t/win32.t       Test Win32 specific APIs
diff --git a/ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8.t b/ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8.t
index ab3c21829d..c7a032efde 100644
--- a/ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8.t
+++ b/ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8.t
@@ -3,9 +3,12 @@
 use strict;
 use Test::More;
 
+# This file tests various functions and macros in the API related to UTF-8.
+
 BEGIN {
     use_ok('XS::APItest');
     require 'charset_tools.pl';
+    require './t/utf8_setup.pl';
 };
 
 $|=1;
@@ -14,117 +17,32 @@ no warnings 'deprecated'; # Some of the below are above 
IV_MAX on 32 bit
                           # machines, and that is tested elsewhere
 
 use XS::APItest;
-use Data::Dumper;
-my $pound_sign = chr utf8::unicode_to_native(163);
 
-sub isASCII { ord "A" == 65 }
-
-sub display_bytes {
-    use bytes;
-    my $string = shift;
-    return   '"'
-           . join("", map { sprintf("\\x%02x", ord $_) } split "", $string)
-           . '"';
-}
-
-sub output_warnings(@) {
-    diag "The warnings were:\n" . join("", @_);
-}
+my $pound_sign = chr utf8::unicode_to_native(163);
 
 # This  test file can't use byte_utf8a_to_utf8n() from t/charset_tools.pl
 # because that uses the same functions we are testing here.  So UTF-EBCDIC
 # strings are hard-coded as I8 strings in this file instead, and we use the
 # translation functions to/from I8 from that file instead.
 
-sub start_byte_to_cont($) {
-
-    # Extract the code point information from the input UTF-8 start byte, and
-    # return a continuation byte containing the same information.  This is
-    # used in constructing an overlong malformation from valid input.
-
-    my $byte = shift;
-    my $len = test_UTF8_SKIP($byte);
-    if ($len < 2) {
-        die "start_byte_to_cont() is expecting a UTF-8 variant";
-    }
-
-    $byte = ord native_to_I8($byte);
-
-    # Copied from utf8.h.  This gets rid of the leading 1 bits.
-    $byte &= ((($len) >= 7) ? 0x00 : (0x1F >> (($len)-2)));
-
-    $byte |= (isASCII) ? 0x80 : 0xA0;
-    return I8_to_native(chr $byte);
-}
-
-my $is64bit = length sprintf("%x", ~0) > 8;
-
-
-# Test utf8n_to_uvchr_error().  These provide essentially complete code
-# coverage.  Copied from utf8.h
-my $UTF8_ALLOW_EMPTY            = 0x0001;
-my $UTF8_GOT_EMPTY              = $UTF8_ALLOW_EMPTY;
-my $UTF8_ALLOW_CONTINUATION     = 0x0002;
-my $UTF8_GOT_CONTINUATION       = $UTF8_ALLOW_CONTINUATION;
-my $UTF8_ALLOW_NON_CONTINUATION = 0x0004;
-my $UTF8_GOT_NON_CONTINUATION   = $UTF8_ALLOW_NON_CONTINUATION;
-my $UTF8_ALLOW_SHORT            = 0x0008;
-my $UTF8_GOT_SHORT              = $UTF8_ALLOW_SHORT;
-my $UTF8_ALLOW_LONG             = 0x0010;
-my $UTF8_ALLOW_LONG_AND_ITS_VALUE = $UTF8_ALLOW_LONG|0x0020;
-my $UTF8_GOT_LONG               = $UTF8_ALLOW_LONG;
-my $UTF8_ALLOW_OVERFLOW         = 0x0080;
-my $UTF8_GOT_OVERFLOW           = $UTF8_ALLOW_OVERFLOW;
-my $UTF8_DISALLOW_SURROGATE     = 0x0100;
-my $UTF8_GOT_SURROGATE          = $UTF8_DISALLOW_SURROGATE;
-my $UTF8_WARN_SURROGATE         = 0x0200;
-my $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR       = 0x0400;
-my $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR            = $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR;
-my $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR           = 0x0800;
-my $UTF8_DISALLOW_SUPER         = 0x1000;
-my $UTF8_GOT_SUPER              = $UTF8_DISALLOW_SUPER;
-my $UTF8_WARN_SUPER             = 0x2000;
-my $UTF8_DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT  = 0x4000;
-my $UTF8_GOT_ABOVE_31_BIT       = $UTF8_DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT;
-my $UTF8_WARN_ABOVE_31_BIT      = 0x8000;
-my $UTF8_CHECK_ONLY             = 0x10000;
-my $UTF8_DISALLOW_ILLEGAL_C9_INTERCHANGE
-                             = $UTF8_DISALLOW_SUPER|$UTF8_DISALLOW_SURROGATE;
-my $UTF8_DISALLOW_ILLEGAL_INTERCHANGE
-              = $UTF8_DISALLOW_ILLEGAL_C9_INTERCHANGE|$UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR;
-my $UTF8_WARN_ILLEGAL_C9_INTERCHANGE
-                             = $UTF8_WARN_SUPER|$UTF8_WARN_SURROGATE;
-my $UTF8_WARN_ILLEGAL_INTERCHANGE
-              = $UTF8_WARN_ILLEGAL_C9_INTERCHANGE|$UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR;
-
-# Test uvchr_to_utf8().
-my $UNICODE_WARN_SURROGATE        = 0x0001;
-my $UNICODE_WARN_NONCHAR          = 0x0002;
-my $UNICODE_WARN_SUPER            = 0x0004;
-my $UNICODE_WARN_ABOVE_31_BIT     = 0x0008;
-my $UNICODE_DISALLOW_SURROGATE    = 0x0010;
-my $UNICODE_DISALLOW_NONCHAR      = 0x0020;
-my $UNICODE_DISALLOW_SUPER        = 0x0040;
-my $UNICODE_DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT = 0x0080;
-
 my $look_for_everything_utf8n_to
-                        = $UTF8_DISALLOW_SURROGATE
-                       | $UTF8_WARN_SURROGATE
-                       | $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR
-                       | $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR
-                       | $UTF8_DISALLOW_SUPER
-                       | $UTF8_WARN_SUPER
-                       | $UTF8_DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT
-                       | $UTF8_WARN_ABOVE_31_BIT;
+                        = $::UTF8_DISALLOW_SURROGATE
+                       | $::UTF8_WARN_SURROGATE
+                       | $::UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR
+                       | $::UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR
+                       | $::UTF8_DISALLOW_SUPER
+                       | $::UTF8_WARN_SUPER
+                       | $::UTF8_DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT
+                       | $::UTF8_WARN_ABOVE_31_BIT;
 my $look_for_everything_uvchr_to
-                        = $UNICODE_DISALLOW_SURROGATE
-                       | $UNICODE_WARN_SURROGATE
-                       | $UNICODE_DISALLOW_NONCHAR
-                       | $UNICODE_WARN_NONCHAR
-                       | $UNICODE_DISALLOW_SUPER
-                       | $UNICODE_WARN_SUPER
-                       | $UNICODE_DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT
-                       | $UNICODE_WARN_ABOVE_31_BIT;
+                        = $::UNICODE_DISALLOW_SURROGATE
+                       | $::UNICODE_WARN_SURROGATE
+                       | $::UNICODE_DISALLOW_NONCHAR
+                       | $::UNICODE_WARN_NONCHAR
+                       | $::UNICODE_DISALLOW_SUPER
+                       | $::UNICODE_WARN_SUPER
+                       | $::UNICODE_DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT
+                       | $::UNICODE_WARN_ABOVE_31_BIT;
 
 foreach ([0, '', '', 'empty'],
         [0, 'N', 'N', '1 char'],
@@ -474,7 +392,7 @@ my %code_points = (
     : I8_to_native("\xff\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa3\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
 );
 
-if ($is64bit) {
+if ($::is64bit) {
     no warnings qw(overflow portable);
     $code_points{0x100000000}
      = (isASCII)
@@ -531,21 +449,17 @@ while ($cp < ((isASCII) ? 128 : 160)) {   # This is from 
the definition of
 # continuation bytes can be in, and what the lowest start byte can be.  So we
 # cycle through them.
 
-my $first_continuation = (isASCII) ? 0x80 : 0xA0;
 my $final_continuation = 0xBF;
 my $start = (isASCII) ? 0xC2 : 0xC5;
 
-my $max_bytes = (isASCII) ? 13 : 14; # Max number of bytes in a UTF-8 sequence
-                                     # representing a single code point
-
-my $continuation = $first_continuation - 1;
+my $continuation = $::first_continuation - 1;
 
 while ($cp < 255) {
     if (++$continuation > $final_continuation) {
 
         # Wrap to the next start byte when we reach the final continuation
         # byte possible
-        $continuation = $first_continuation;
+        $continuation = $::first_continuation;
         $start++;
     }
     $code_points{$cp} = I8_to_native(chr($start) . chr($continuation));
@@ -586,8 +500,8 @@ for my $u (sort { utf8::unicode_to_native($a) <=> 
utf8::unicode_to_native($b) }
                 $u < 0x10000        ? 3 :
                 $u < 0x200000       ? 4 :
                 $u < 0x4000000      ? 5 :
-                $u < 0x80000000     ? 6 : (($is64bit)
-                                        ? ($u < 0x1000000000 ? 7 : $max_bytes)
+                $u < 0x80000000     ? 6 : (($::is64bit)
+                                        ? ($u < 0x1000000000 ? 7 : 
$::max_bytes)
                                         : 7)
               )
             : ($u < 0xA0        ? 1 :
@@ -596,7 +510,7 @@ for my $u (sort { utf8::unicode_to_native($a) <=> 
utf8::unicode_to_native($b) }
                $u < 0x40000     ? 4 :
                $u < 0x400000    ? 5 :
                $u < 0x4000000   ? 6 :
-               $u < 0x40000000  ? 7 : $max_bytes );
+               $u < 0x40000000  ? 7 : $::max_bytes );
     }
 
     # If this test fails, subsequent ones are meaningless.
@@ -708,21 +622,21 @@ for my $u (sort { utf8::unicode_to_native($a) <=> 
utf8::unicode_to_native($b) }
     my $valid_under_c9strict = 1;
     my $valid_for_fits_in_31_bits = 1;
     if ($n > 0x10FFFF) {
-        $this_utf8_flags &= ~($UTF8_DISALLOW_SUPER|$UTF8_WARN_SUPER);
+        $this_utf8_flags &= ~($::UTF8_DISALLOW_SUPER|$::UTF8_WARN_SUPER);
         $valid_under_strict = 0;
         $valid_under_c9strict = 0;
         if ($n > 2 ** 31 - 1) {
             $this_utf8_flags &=
-                        ~($UTF8_DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT|$UTF8_WARN_ABOVE_31_BIT);
+                        
~($::UTF8_DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT|$::UTF8_WARN_ABOVE_31_BIT);
             $valid_for_fits_in_31_bits = 0;
         }
     }
     elsif (($n >= 0xFDD0 && $n <= 0xFDEF) || ($n & 0xFFFE) == 0xFFFE) {
-        $this_utf8_flags &= ~($UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR|$UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR);
+        $this_utf8_flags &= ~($::UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR|$::UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR);
         $valid_under_strict = 0;
     }
     elsif ($n >= 0xD800 && $n <= 0xDFFF) {
-        $this_utf8_flags &= ~($UTF8_DISALLOW_SURROGATE|$UTF8_WARN_SURROGATE);
+        $this_utf8_flags &= 
~($::UTF8_DISALLOW_SURROGATE|$::UTF8_WARN_SURROGATE);
         $valid_under_c9strict = 0;
         $valid_under_strict = 0;
     }
@@ -812,7 +726,7 @@ for my $u (sort { utf8::unicode_to_native($a) <=> 
utf8::unicode_to_native($b) }
     undef @warnings;
 
     $ret = test_isUTF8_CHAR_flags($bytes, $len,
-                                            
$UTF8_DISALLOW_ILLEGAL_INTERCHANGE);
+                                            
$::UTF8_DISALLOW_ILLEGAL_INTERCHANGE);
     is($ret, $expected_len,
                     "Verify isUTF8_CHAR_flags('DISALLOW_ILLEGAL_INTERCHANGE')"
                   . " acts like isSTRICT_UTF8_CHAR");
@@ -845,7 +759,7 @@ for my $u (sort { utf8::unicode_to_native($a) <=> 
utf8::unicode_to_native($b) }
     undef @warnings;
 
     $ret = test_isUTF8_CHAR_flags($bytes, $len,
-                                        $UTF8_DISALLOW_ILLEGAL_C9_INTERCHANGE);
+                                        
$::UTF8_DISALLOW_ILLEGAL_C9_INTERCHANGE);
     is($ret, $expected_len,
                    "Verify 
isUTF8_CHAR_flags('DISALLOW_ILLEGAL_C9_INTERCHANGE')"
                   ." acts like isC9_STRICT_UTF8_CHAR");
@@ -870,17 +784,17 @@ for my $u (sort { utf8::unicode_to_native($a) <=> 
utf8::unicode_to_native($b) }
     my $this_uvchr_flags = $look_for_everything_uvchr_to;
     if ($n > 2 ** 31 - 1) {
         $this_uvchr_flags &=
-                ~($UNICODE_DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT|$UNICODE_WARN_ABOVE_31_BIT);
+                
~($::UNICODE_DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT|$::UNICODE_WARN_ABOVE_31_BIT);
     }
     if ($n > 0x10FFFF) {
-        $this_uvchr_flags &= ~($UNICODE_DISALLOW_SUPER|$UNICODE_WARN_SUPER);
+        $this_uvchr_flags &= 
~($::UNICODE_DISALLOW_SUPER|$::UNICODE_WARN_SUPER);
     }
     elsif (($n >= 0xFDD0 && $n <= 0xFDEF) || ($n & 0xFFFE) == 0xFFFE) {
-        $this_uvchr_flags &= 
~($UNICODE_DISALLOW_NONCHAR|$UNICODE_WARN_NONCHAR);
+        $this_uvchr_flags &= 
~($::UNICODE_DISALLOW_NONCHAR|$::UNICODE_WARN_NONCHAR);
     }
     elsif ($n >= 0xD800 && $n <= 0xDFFF) {
         $this_uvchr_flags
-                     &= ~($UNICODE_DISALLOW_SURROGATE|$UNICODE_WARN_SURROGATE);
+                     &= 
~($::UNICODE_DISALLOW_SURROGATE|$::UNICODE_WARN_SURROGATE);
     }
     $display_flags = sprintf "0x%x", $this_uvchr_flags;
 
@@ -1088,13 +1002,13 @@ for my $restriction (sort keys %restriction_types) {
                             $this_name .= "($restriction)";
                             if ($restriction eq "c9strict") {
                                 $test
-                                  .= ", $UTF8_DISALLOW_ILLEGAL_C9_INTERCHANGE";
+                                  .= ", 
$::UTF8_DISALLOW_ILLEGAL_C9_INTERCHANGE";
                             }
                             elsif ($restriction eq "strict") {
-                                $test .= ", 
$UTF8_DISALLOW_ILLEGAL_INTERCHANGE";
+                                $test .= ", 
$::UTF8_DISALLOW_ILLEGAL_INTERCHANGE";
                             }
                             elsif ($restriction eq "fits_in_31_bits") {
-                                $test .= ", $UTF8_DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT";
+                                $test .= ", $::UTF8_DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT";
                             }
                             else {
                                 fail("Internal test error: Unknown restriction 
"
@@ -1168,1420 +1082,6 @@ for my $restriction (sort keys %restriction_types) {
     }
 }
 
-my $REPLACEMENT = 0xFFFD;
-
-# Now test the malformations.  All these raise category utf8 warnings.
-my @malformations = (
-    # ($testname, $bytes, $length, $allow_flags, $expected_error_flags,
-    #  $allowed_uv, $expected_len, $needed_to_discern_len, $message )
-
-# Now considered a program bug, and asserted against
-    #[ "zero length string malformation", "", 0,
-    #    $UTF8_ALLOW_EMPTY, $UTF8_GOT_EMPTY, $REPLACEMENT, 0, 0,
-    #    qr/empty string/
-    #],
-    [ "orphan continuation byte malformation", I8_to_native("${I8c}a"), 2,
-        $UTF8_ALLOW_CONTINUATION, $UTF8_GOT_CONTINUATION, $REPLACEMENT,
-        1, 1,
-        qr/unexpected continuation byte/
-    ],
-    [ "premature next character malformation (immediate)",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xc2\xc2\x80" : I8_to_native("\xc5\xc5\xa0"),
-        3,
-        $UTF8_ALLOW_NON_CONTINUATION, $UTF8_GOT_NON_CONTINUATION, $REPLACEMENT,
-        1, 2,
-        qr/unexpected non-continuation byte.*immediately after start byte/
-    ],
-    [ "premature next character malformation (non-immediate)",
-        I8_to_native("\xef${I8c}a"), 3,
-        $UTF8_ALLOW_NON_CONTINUATION, $UTF8_GOT_NON_CONTINUATION, $REPLACEMENT,
-        2, 3,
-        qr/unexpected non-continuation byte .* 2 bytes after start byte/
-    ],
-    [ "too short malformation", I8_to_native("\xf1${I8c}a"), 2,
-        # Having the 'a' after this, but saying there are only 2 bytes also
-        # tests that we pay attention to the passed in length
-        $UTF8_ALLOW_SHORT, $UTF8_GOT_SHORT, $REPLACEMENT,
-        2, 2,
-        qr/2 bytes available, need 4/
-    ],
-    [ "overlong malformation, lowest 2-byte",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xc0\x80" : I8_to_native("\xc0\xa0"),
-        2,
-        $UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $UTF8_GOT_LONG,
-        0,   # NUL
-        2, 1,
-        qr/overlong/
-    ],
-    [ "overlong malformation, highest 2-byte",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xc1\xbf" : I8_to_native("\xc4\xbf"),
-        2,
-        $UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $UTF8_GOT_LONG,
-        (isASCII) ? 0x7F : utf8::unicode_to_native(0x9F),
-        2, 1,
-        qr/overlong/
-    ],
-    [ "overlong malformation, lowest 3-byte",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xe0\x80\x80" : I8_to_native("\xe0\xa0\xa0"),
-        3,
-        $UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $UTF8_GOT_LONG,
-        0,   # NUL
-        3, (isASCII) ? 2 : 1,
-        qr/overlong/
-    ],
-    [ "overlong malformation, highest 3-byte",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xe0\x9f\xbf" : I8_to_native("\xe0\xbf\xbf"),
-        3,
-        $UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $UTF8_GOT_LONG,
-        (isASCII) ? 0x7FF : 0x3FF,
-        3, (isASCII) ? 2 : 1,
-        qr/overlong/
-    ],
-    [ "overlong malformation, lowest 4-byte",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf0\x80\x80\x80" : I8_to_native("\xf0\xa0\xa0\xa0"),
-        4,
-        $UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $UTF8_GOT_LONG,
-        0,   # NUL
-        4, 2,
-        qr/overlong/
-    ],
-    [ "overlong malformation, highest 4-byte",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf0\x8F\xbf\xbf" : I8_to_native("\xf0\xaf\xbf\xbf"),
-        4,
-        $UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $UTF8_GOT_LONG,
-        (isASCII) ? 0xFFFF : 0x3FFF,
-        4, 2,
-        qr/overlong/
-    ],
-    [ "overlong malformation, lowest 5-byte",
-        (isASCII)
-         ?              "\xf8\x80\x80\x80\x80"
-         : I8_to_native("\xf8\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0"),
-        5,
-        $UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $UTF8_GOT_LONG,
-        0,   # NUL
-        5, 2,
-        qr/overlong/
-    ],
-    [ "overlong malformation, highest 5-byte",
-        (isASCII)
-         ?              "\xf8\x87\xbf\xbf\xbf"
-         : I8_to_native("\xf8\xa7\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
-        5,
-        $UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $UTF8_GOT_LONG,
-        (isASCII) ? 0x1FFFFF : 0x3FFFF,
-        5, 2,
-        qr/overlong/
-    ],
-    [ "overlong malformation, lowest 6-byte",
-        (isASCII)
-         ?              "\xfc\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80"
-         : I8_to_native("\xfc\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0"),
-        6,
-        $UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $UTF8_GOT_LONG,
-        0,   # NUL
-        6, 2,
-        qr/overlong/
-    ],
-    [ "overlong malformation, highest 6-byte",
-        (isASCII)
-         ?              "\xfc\x83\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf"
-         : I8_to_native("\xfc\xa3\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
-        6,
-        $UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $UTF8_GOT_LONG,
-        (isASCII) ? 0x3FFFFFF : 0x3FFFFF,
-        6, 2,
-        qr/overlong/
-    ],
-    [ "overlong malformation, lowest 7-byte",
-        (isASCII)
-         ?              "\xfe\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80"
-         : I8_to_native("\xfe\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0"),
-        7,
-        $UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $UTF8_GOT_LONG,
-        0,   # NUL
-        7, 2,
-        qr/overlong/
-    ],
-    [ "overlong malformation, highest 7-byte",
-        (isASCII)
-         ?              "\xfe\x81\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf"
-         : I8_to_native("\xfe\xa1\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
-        7,
-        $UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $UTF8_GOT_LONG,
-        (isASCII) ? 0x7FFFFFFF : 0x3FFFFFF,
-        7, 2,
-        qr/overlong/
-    ],
-);
-
-if (isASCII && ! $is64bit) {    # 32-bit ASCII platform
-    no warnings 'portable';
-    push @malformations,
-        [ "overflow malformation",
-            "\xfe\x84\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80",  # Represents 2**32
-            7,
-            $UTF8_ALLOW_OVERFLOW, $UTF8_GOT_OVERFLOW,
-            $REPLACEMENT,
-            7, 2,
-            qr/overflows/
-        ],
-        [ "overflow malformation",
-            "\xff\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x81\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80",
-            $max_bytes,
-            $UTF8_ALLOW_OVERFLOW, $UTF8_GOT_OVERFLOW,
-            $REPLACEMENT,
-            $max_bytes, 1,
-            qr/overflows/
-        ];
-}
-else { # 64-bit ASCII, or EBCDIC of any size.
-    # On EBCDIC platforms, another overlong test is needed even on 32-bit
-    # systems, whereas it doesn't happen on ASCII except on 64-bit ones.
-
-    no warnings 'portable';
-    no warnings 'overflow'; # Doesn't run on 32-bit systems, but compiles
-    push @malformations,
-        [ "overlong malformation, lowest max-byte",
-            (isASCII)
-             ?      "\xff\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80"
-             : I8_to_native(
-                    
"\xff\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0"),
-            $max_bytes,
-            $UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $UTF8_GOT_LONG,
-            0,   # NUL
-            $max_bytes, (isASCII) ? 7 : 8,
-            qr/overlong/,
-        ],
-        [ "overlong malformation, highest max-byte",
-            (isASCII)    # 2**36-1 on ASCII; 2**30-1 on EBCDIC
-             ?      "\xff\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf"
-             : I8_to_native(
-                    
"\xff\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
-            $max_bytes,
-            $UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $UTF8_GOT_LONG,
-            (isASCII) ? 0xFFFFFFFFF : 0x3FFFFFFF,
-            $max_bytes, (isASCII) ? 7 : 8,
-            qr/overlong/,
-        ];
-
-    if (! $is64bit) {   # 32-bit EBCDIC
-        push @malformations,
-        [ "overflow malformation",
-            I8_to_native(
-                    
"\xff\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa4\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0"),
-            $max_bytes,
-            $UTF8_ALLOW_OVERFLOW, $UTF8_GOT_OVERFLOW,
-            $REPLACEMENT,
-            $max_bytes, 8,
-            qr/overflows/
-        ];
-    }
-    else {  # 64-bit, either ASCII or EBCDIC
-        push @malformations,
-            [ "overflow malformation",
-               (isASCII)
-                ?   "\xff\x80\x90\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0"
-                : I8_to_native(
-                    
"\xff\xb0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0"),
-                $max_bytes,
-                $UTF8_ALLOW_OVERFLOW, $UTF8_GOT_OVERFLOW,
-                $REPLACEMENT,
-                $max_bytes, (isASCII) ? 3 : 2,
-                qr/overflows/
-            ];
-    }
-}
-
-# For each overlong malformation in the list, we modify it, so that there are
-# two tests.  The first one returns the replacement character given the input
-# flags, and the second test adds a flag that causes the actual code point the
-# malformation represents to be returned.
-my @added_overlongs;
-foreach my $test (@malformations) {
-    my ($testname, $bytes, $length, $allow_flags, $expected_error_flags,
-        $allowed_uv, $expected_len, $needed_to_discern_len, $message ) = 
@$test;
-    next unless $testname =~ /overlong/;
-
-    $test->[0] .= "; use REPLACEMENT CHAR";
-    $test->[5] = $REPLACEMENT;
-
-    push @added_overlongs,
-        [ $testname . "; use actual value",
-          $bytes, $length,
-          $allow_flags | $UTF8_ALLOW_LONG_AND_ITS_VALUE,
-          $expected_error_flags, $allowed_uv, $expected_len,
-          $needed_to_discern_len, $message
-        ];
-}
-push @malformations, @added_overlongs;
-
-foreach my $test (@malformations) {
-    my ($testname, $bytes, $length, $allow_flags, $expected_error_flags,
-        $allowed_uv, $expected_len, $needed_to_discern_len, $message ) = 
@$test;
-
-    if (length($bytes) < $length) {
-        fail("Internal test error: actual buffer length (" . length($bytes)
-           . ") must be at least as high as how far we are allowed to read"
-           . " into it ($length)");
-        diag($testname);
-        next;
-    }
-
-    undef @warnings;
-
-    my $ret = test_isUTF8_CHAR($bytes, $length);
-    is($ret, 0, "$testname: isUTF8_CHAR returns 0");
-    is(scalar @warnings, 0, "$testname: isUTF8_CHAR() generated no warnings")
-      or output_warnings(@warnings);
-
-    undef @warnings;
-
-    $ret = test_isUTF8_CHAR_flags($bytes, $length, 0);
-    is($ret, 0, "$testname: isUTF8_CHAR_flags returns 0");
-    is(scalar @warnings, 0, "$testname: isUTF8_CHAR_flags() generated no"
-                          . " warnings")
-      or output_warnings(@warnings);
-
-    $ret = test_isSTRICT_UTF8_CHAR($bytes, $length);
-    is($ret, 0, "$testname: isSTRICT_UTF8_CHAR returns 0");
-    is(scalar @warnings, 0,
-                    "$testname: isSTRICT_UTF8_CHAR() generated no warnings")
-      or output_warnings(@warnings);
-
-    $ret = test_isC9_STRICT_UTF8_CHAR($bytes, $length);
-    is($ret, 0, "$testname: isC9_STRICT_UTF8_CHAR returns 0");
-    is(scalar @warnings, 0,
-               "$testname: isC9_STRICT_UTF8_CHAR() generated no warnings")
-      or output_warnings(@warnings);
-
-    for my $j (1 .. $length - 1) {
-        my $partial = substr($bytes, 0, $j);
-
-        undef @warnings;
-
-        $ret = test_is_utf8_valid_partial_char_flags($bytes, $j, 0);
-
-        my $ret_should_be = 0;
-        my $comment = "";
-        if ($j < $needed_to_discern_len) {
-            $ret_should_be = 1;
-            $comment = ", but need $needed_to_discern_len bytes to discern:";
-        }
-
-        is($ret, $ret_should_be, "$testname: is_utf8_valid_partial_char_flags("
-                                . display_bytes($partial)
-                                . ")$comment returns $ret_should_be");
-        is(scalar @warnings, 0,
-                "$testname: is_utf8_valid_partial_char_flags() generated"
-              . " no warnings")
-          or output_warnings(@warnings);
-    }
-
-
-    # Test what happens when this malformation is not allowed
-    undef @warnings;
-    my $ret_ref = test_utf8n_to_uvchr_error($bytes, $length, 0);
-    is($ret_ref->[0], 0, "$testname: disallowed: Returns 0");
-    is($ret_ref->[1], $expected_len,
-       "$testname: utf8n_to_uvchr_error(), disallowed: Returns expected"
-     . " length: $expected_len");
-    if (is(scalar @warnings, 1,
-           "$testname: disallowed: Got a single warning "))
-    {
-        like($warnings[0], $message,
-             "$testname: disallowed: Got expected warning");
-    }
-    else {
-        if (scalar @warnings) {
-            output_warnings(@warnings);
-        }
-    }
-    is($ret_ref->[2], $expected_error_flags,
-       "$testname: utf8n_to_uvchr_error(), disallowed:"
-     . " Returns expected error");
-
-    {   # Next test when disallowed, and warnings are off.
-        undef @warnings;
-        no warnings 'utf8';
-        my $ret_ref = test_utf8n_to_uvchr_error($bytes, $length, 0);
-        is($ret_ref->[0], 0,
-           "$testname: utf8n_to_uvchr_error(), disallowed: no warnings 'utf8':"
-         . " Returns 0");
-        is($ret_ref->[1], $expected_len,
-           "$testname: utf8n_to_uvchr_error(), disallowed: no warnings 'utf8':"
-         . " Returns expected length: $expected_len");
-        if (!is(scalar @warnings, 0,
-            "$testname: utf8n_to_uvchr_error(), disallowed: no warnings 
'utf8':"
-          . " no warnings generated"))
-        {
-            output_warnings(@warnings);
-        }
-        is($ret_ref->[2], $expected_error_flags,
-           "$testname: utf8n_to_uvchr_error(), disallowed: Returns"
-         . " expected error");
-    }
-
-    # Test with CHECK_ONLY
-    undef @warnings;
-    $ret_ref = test_utf8n_to_uvchr_error($bytes, $length, $UTF8_CHECK_ONLY);
-    is($ret_ref->[0], 0, "$testname: CHECK_ONLY: Returns 0");
-    is($ret_ref->[1], -1, "$testname: CHECK_ONLY: returns -1 for length");
-    if (! is(scalar @warnings, 0,
-                               "$testname: CHECK_ONLY: no warnings generated"))
-    {
-        output_warnings(@warnings);
-    }
-    is($ret_ref->[2], $expected_error_flags,
-       "$testname: utf8n_to_uvchr_error(), disallowed: Returns expected"
-     . " error");
-
-    next if $allow_flags == 0;    # Skip if can't allow this malformation
-
-    # Test when the malformation is allowed
-    undef @warnings;
-    $ret_ref = test_utf8n_to_uvchr_error($bytes, $length, $allow_flags);
-    is($ret_ref->[0], $allowed_uv,
-       "$testname: utf8n_to_uvchr_error(), allowed: Returns expected uv: "
-     . sprintf("0x%04X", $allowed_uv));
-    is($ret_ref->[1], $expected_len,
-       "$testname: utf8n_to_uvchr_error(), allowed: Returns expected length:"
-     . " $expected_len");
-    if (!is(scalar @warnings, 0,
-            "$testname: utf8n_to_uvchr_error(), allowed: no warnings"
-          . " generated"))
-    {
-        output_warnings(@warnings);
-    }
-    is($ret_ref->[2], $expected_error_flags,
-       "$testname: utf8n_to_uvchr_error(), disallowed: Returns"
-     . " expected error");
-}
-
-sub nonportable_regex ($) {
-
-    # Returns a pattern that matches the non-portable message raised either
-    # for the specific input code point, or the one generated when there
-    # is some malformation that precludes the message containing the specific
-    # code point
-
-    my $code_point = shift;
-
-    my $string = sprintf '(Code point 0x%X is not Unicode, and'
-                       . '|Any UTF-8 sequence that starts with'
-                       . ' "(\\\x[[:xdigit:]]{2})+" is for a'
-                       . ' non-Unicode code point, and is) not portable',
-                    $code_point;
-    return qr/$string/;
-}
-
-# Now test the cases where a legal code point is generated, but may or may not
-# be allowed/warned on.
-my @tests = (
-     # ($testname, $bytes, $warn_flags, $disallow_flags, $expected_error_flags,
-     #  $category, $allowed_uv, $expected_len, $needed_to_discern_len, 
$message )
-    [ "lowest surrogate",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xed\xa0\x80" : I8_to_native("\xf1\xb6\xa0\xa0"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_SURROGATE, $UTF8_DISALLOW_SURROGATE, $UTF8_GOT_SURROGATE,
-        'surrogate', 0xD800,
-        (isASCII) ? 3 : 4,
-        2,
-        qr/surrogate/
-    ],
-    [ "a middle surrogate",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xed\xa4\x8d" : I8_to_native("\xf1\xb6\xa8\xad"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_SURROGATE, $UTF8_DISALLOW_SURROGATE, $UTF8_GOT_SURROGATE,
-        'surrogate', 0xD90D,
-        (isASCII) ? 3 : 4,
-        2,
-        qr/surrogate/
-    ],
-    [ "highest surrogate",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xed\xbf\xbf" : I8_to_native("\xf1\xb7\xbf\xbf"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_SURROGATE, $UTF8_DISALLOW_SURROGATE, $UTF8_GOT_SURROGATE,
-        'surrogate', 0xDFFF,
-        (isASCII) ? 3 : 4,
-        2,
-        qr/surrogate/
-    ],
-    [ "first non_unicode",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf4\x90\x80\x80" : I8_to_native("\xf9\xa2\xa0\xa0\xa0"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_SUPER, $UTF8_DISALLOW_SUPER, $UTF8_GOT_SUPER,
-        'non_unicode', 0x110000,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        2,
-        qr/(not Unicode|for a non-Unicode code point).* may not be portable/
-    ],
-    [ "non_unicode whose first byte tells that",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf5\x80\x80\x80" : I8_to_native("\xfa\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_SUPER, $UTF8_DISALLOW_SUPER, $UTF8_GOT_SUPER,
-        'non_unicode',
-        (isASCII) ? 0x140000 : 0x200000,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        1,
-        qr/(not Unicode|for a non-Unicode code point).* may not be portable/
-    ],
-    [ "first of 32 consecutive non-character code points",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xef\xb7\x90" : I8_to_native("\xf1\xbf\xae\xb0"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0xFDD0,
-        (isASCII) ? 3 : 4,
-        (isASCII) ? 3 : 4,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "a mid non-character code point of the 32 consecutive ones",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xef\xb7\xa0" : I8_to_native("\xf1\xbf\xaf\xa0"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0xFDE0,
-        (isASCII) ? 3 : 4,
-        (isASCII) ? 3 : 4,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "final of 32 consecutive non-character code points",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xef\xb7\xaf" : I8_to_native("\xf1\xbf\xaf\xaf"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0xFDEF,
-        (isASCII) ? 3 : 4,
-        (isASCII) ? 3 : 4,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+FFFE",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xef\xbf\xbe" : I8_to_native("\xf1\xbf\xbf\xbe"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0xFFFE,
-        (isASCII) ? 3 : 4,
-        (isASCII) ? 3 : 4,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+FFFF",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xef\xbf\xbf" : I8_to_native("\xf1\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0xFFFF,
-        (isASCII) ? 3 : 4,
-        (isASCII) ? 3 : 4,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+1FFFE",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf0\x9f\xbf\xbe" : I8_to_native("\xf3\xbf\xbf\xbe"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0x1FFFE,
-        4, 4,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+1FFFF",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf0\x9f\xbf\xbf" : I8_to_native("\xf3\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0x1FFFF,
-        4, 4,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+2FFFE",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf0\xaf\xbf\xbe" : I8_to_native("\xf5\xbf\xbf\xbe"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0x2FFFE,
-        4, 4,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+2FFFF",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf0\xaf\xbf\xbf" : I8_to_native("\xf5\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0x2FFFF,
-        4, 4,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+3FFFE",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf0\xbf\xbf\xbe" : I8_to_native("\xf7\xbf\xbf\xbe"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0x3FFFE,
-        4, 4,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+3FFFF",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf0\xbf\xbf\xbf" : I8_to_native("\xf7\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0x3FFFF,
-        4, 4,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+4FFFE",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf1\x8f\xbf\xbe" : I8_to_native("\xf8\xa9\xbf\xbf\xbe"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0x4FFFE,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+4FFFF",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf1\x8f\xbf\xbf" : I8_to_native("\xf8\xa9\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0x4FFFF,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+5FFFE",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf1\x9f\xbf\xbe" : I8_to_native("\xf8\xab\xbf\xbf\xbe"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0x5FFFE,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+5FFFF",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf1\x9f\xbf\xbf" : I8_to_native("\xf8\xab\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0x5FFFF,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+6FFFE",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf1\xaf\xbf\xbe" : I8_to_native("\xf8\xad\xbf\xbf\xbe"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0x6FFFE,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+6FFFF",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf1\xaf\xbf\xbf" : I8_to_native("\xf8\xad\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0x6FFFF,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+7FFFE",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf1\xbf\xbf\xbe" : I8_to_native("\xf8\xaf\xbf\xbf\xbe"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0x7FFFE,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+7FFFF",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf1\xbf\xbf\xbf" : I8_to_native("\xf8\xaf\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0x7FFFF,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+8FFFE",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf2\x8f\xbf\xbe" : I8_to_native("\xf8\xb1\xbf\xbf\xbe"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0x8FFFE,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+8FFFF",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf2\x8f\xbf\xbf" : I8_to_native("\xf8\xb1\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0x8FFFF,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+9FFFE",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf2\x9f\xbf\xbe" : I8_to_native("\xf8\xb3\xbf\xbf\xbe"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0x9FFFE,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+9FFFF",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf2\x9f\xbf\xbf" : I8_to_native("\xf8\xb3\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0x9FFFF,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+AFFFE",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf2\xaf\xbf\xbe" : I8_to_native("\xf8\xb5\xbf\xbf\xbe"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0xAFFFE,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+AFFFF",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf2\xaf\xbf\xbf" : I8_to_native("\xf8\xb5\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0xAFFFF,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+BFFFE",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf2\xbf\xbf\xbe" : I8_to_native("\xf8\xb7\xbf\xbf\xbe"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0xBFFFE,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+BFFFF",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf2\xbf\xbf\xbf" : I8_to_native("\xf8\xb7\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0xBFFFF,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+CFFFE",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf3\x8f\xbf\xbe" : I8_to_native("\xf8\xb9\xbf\xbf\xbe"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0xCFFFE,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+CFFFF",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf3\x8f\xbf\xbf" : I8_to_native("\xf8\xb9\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0xCFFFF,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+DFFFE",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf3\x9f\xbf\xbe" : I8_to_native("\xf8\xbb\xbf\xbf\xbe"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0xDFFFE,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+DFFFF",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf3\x9f\xbf\xbf" : I8_to_native("\xf8\xbb\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0xDFFFF,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+EFFFE",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf3\xaf\xbf\xbe" : I8_to_native("\xf8\xbd\xbf\xbf\xbe"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0xEFFFE,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+EFFFF",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf3\xaf\xbf\xbf" : I8_to_native("\xf8\xbd\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0xEFFFF,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+FFFFE",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf3\xbf\xbf\xbe" : I8_to_native("\xf8\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbe"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0xFFFFE,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+FFFFF",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf3\xbf\xbf\xbf" : I8_to_native("\xf8\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0xFFFFF,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+10FFFE",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf4\x8f\xbf\xbe" : I8_to_native("\xf9\xa1\xbf\xbf\xbe"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0x10FFFE,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "non-character code point U+10FFFF",
-        (isASCII) ? "\xf4\x8f\xbf\xbf" : I8_to_native("\xf9\xa1\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR, $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR, $UTF8_GOT_NONCHAR,
-        'nonchar', 0x10FFFF,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        (isASCII) ? 4 : 5,
-        qr/Unicode non-character.*is not recommended for open interchange/
-    ],
-    [ "requires at least 32 bits",
-        (isASCII)
-         ?  "\xfe\x82\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80"
-         : I8_to_native(
-            "\xff\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa2\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0"),
-        # This code point is chosen so that it is representable in a UV on
-        # 32-bit machines
-        $UTF8_WARN_ABOVE_31_BIT, $UTF8_DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT,
-        $UTF8_GOT_ABOVE_31_BIT,
-        'utf8', 0x80000000,
-        (isASCII) ? 7 : $max_bytes,
-        (isASCII) ? 1 : 8,
-        nonportable_regex(0x80000000)
-    ],
-    [ "highest 32 bit code point",
-        (isASCII)
-         ?  "\xfe\x83\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf"
-         : I8_to_native(
-            "\xff\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa3\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_ABOVE_31_BIT, $UTF8_DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT,
-        $UTF8_GOT_ABOVE_31_BIT,
-        'utf8', 0xFFFFFFFF,
-        (isASCII) ? 7 : $max_bytes,
-        (isASCII) ? 1 : 8,
-        nonportable_regex(0xffffffff)
-    ],
-    [ "requires at least 32 bits, and use SUPER-type flags, instead of"
-    . " ABOVE_31_BIT",
-        (isASCII)
-         ? "\xfe\x82\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80"
-         : I8_to_native(
-           "\xff\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa2\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0"),
-        $UTF8_WARN_SUPER, $UTF8_DISALLOW_SUPER, $UTF8_GOT_SUPER,
-        'utf8', 0x80000000,
-        (isASCII) ? 7 : $max_bytes,
-        1,
-        nonportable_regex(0x80000000)
-    ],
-    [ "overflow with warnings/disallow for more than 31 bits",
-        # This tests the interaction of WARN_ABOVE_31_BIT/DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT
-        # with overflow.  The overflow malformation is never allowed, so
-        # preventing it takes precedence if the ABOVE_31_BIT options would
-        # otherwise allow in an overflowing value.  The ASCII code points (1
-        # for 32-bits; 1 for 64) were chosen because the old overflow
-        # detection algorithm did not catch them; this means this test also
-        # checks for that fix.  The EBCDIC are arbitrary overflowing ones
-        # since we have no reports of failures with it.
-       (($is64bit)
-        ? ((isASCII)
-           ?    "\xff\x80\x90\x90\x90\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf"
-           : I8_to_native(
-                "\xff\xB0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0"))
-        : ((isASCII)
-           ?    "\xfe\x86\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80"
-           : I8_to_native(
-                "\xff\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa4\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0"))),
-        $UTF8_WARN_ABOVE_31_BIT,
-        $UTF8_DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT,
-        $UTF8_GOT_ABOVE_31_BIT,
-        'utf8', 0,
-        (! isASCII || $is64bit) ? $max_bytes : 7,
-        (isASCII || $is64bit) ? 2 : 8,
-        qr/overflows/
-    ],
-);
-
-if (! $is64bit) {
-    if (isASCII) {
-        no warnings qw{portable overflow};
-        push @tests,
-            [ "Lowest 33 bit code point: overflow",
-                "\xFE\x84\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80",
-                $UTF8_WARN_ABOVE_31_BIT, $UTF8_DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT,
-                $UTF8_GOT_ABOVE_31_BIT,
-                'utf8', 0x100000000,
-                7, 1,
-                qr/and( is)? not portable/
-            ];
-    }
-}
-else {
-    no warnings qw{portable overflow};
-    push @tests,
-        [ "More than 32 bits",
-            (isASCII)
-            ?       "\xff\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x81\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80"
-            : I8_to_native(
-                    
"\xff\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa2\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0"),
-            $UTF8_WARN_ABOVE_31_BIT, $UTF8_DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT,
-            $UTF8_GOT_ABOVE_31_BIT,
-            'utf8', 0x1000000000,
-            $max_bytes, (isASCII) ? 1 : 7,
-            qr/and( is)? not portable/
-        ];
-    if (! isASCII) {
-        push @tests,   # These could falsely show wrongly in a naive
-                       # implementation
-            [ "requires at least 32 bits",
-                I8_to_native(
-                    
"\xff\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa1\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0"),
-                $UTF8_WARN_ABOVE_31_BIT,$UTF8_DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT,
-                $UTF8_GOT_ABOVE_31_BIT,
-                'utf8', 0x800000000,
-                $max_bytes, 7,
-                nonportable_regex(0x80000000)
-            ],
-            [ "requires at least 32 bits",
-                I8_to_native(
-                    
"\xff\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa1\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0"),
-                $UTF8_WARN_ABOVE_31_BIT,$UTF8_DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT,
-                $UTF8_GOT_ABOVE_31_BIT,
-                'utf8', 0x10000000000,
-                $max_bytes, 6,
-                nonportable_regex(0x10000000000)
-            ],
-            [ "requires at least 32 bits",
-                I8_to_native(
-                    
"\xff\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa1\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0"),
-                $UTF8_WARN_ABOVE_31_BIT,$UTF8_DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT,
-                $UTF8_GOT_ABOVE_31_BIT,
-                'utf8', 0x200000000000,
-                $max_bytes, 5,
-                nonportable_regex(0x20000000000)
-            ],
-            [ "requires at least 32 bits",
-                I8_to_native(
-                    
"\xff\xa0\xa0\xa1\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0"),
-                $UTF8_WARN_ABOVE_31_BIT,$UTF8_DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT,
-                $UTF8_GOT_ABOVE_31_BIT,
-                'utf8', 0x4000000000000,
-                $max_bytes, 4,
-                nonportable_regex(0x4000000000000)
-            ],
-            [ "requires at least 32 bits",
-                I8_to_native(
-                    
"\xff\xa0\xa1\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0"),
-                $UTF8_WARN_ABOVE_31_BIT,$UTF8_DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT,
-                $UTF8_GOT_ABOVE_31_BIT,
-                'utf8', 0x80000000000000,
-                $max_bytes, 3,
-                nonportable_regex(0x80000000000000)
-            ],
-            [ "requires at least 32 bits",
-                I8_to_native(
-                    
"\xff\xa1\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0"),
-                $UTF8_WARN_ABOVE_31_BIT,$UTF8_DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT,
-                $UTF8_GOT_ABOVE_31_BIT,
-                'utf8', 0x1000000000000000,
-                $max_bytes, 2,
-                nonportable_regex(0x1000000000000000)
-            ];
-    }
-}
-
-foreach my $test (@tests) {
-    my ($testname, $bytes, $warn_flags, $disallow_flags, $expected_error_flags,
-        $category, $allowed_uv, $expected_len, $needed_to_discern_len, $message
-       ) = @$test;
-
-    my $length = length $bytes;
-    my $will_overflow = $testname =~ /overflow/ ? 'overflow' : "";
-
-    {
-        use warnings;
-        undef @warnings;
-        my $ret = test_isUTF8_CHAR($bytes, $length);
-        my $ret_flags = test_isUTF8_CHAR_flags($bytes, $length, 0);
-        if ($will_overflow) {
-            is($ret, 0, "isUTF8_CHAR() $testname: returns 0");
-            is($ret_flags, 0, "isUTF8_CHAR_flags() $testname: returns 0");
-        }
-        else {
-            is($ret, $length,
-               "isUTF8_CHAR() $testname: returns expected length: $length");
-            is($ret_flags, $length, "isUTF8_CHAR_flags(...,0) $testname:"
-                                  . " returns expected length: $length");
-        }
-        is(scalar @warnings, 0,
-                "isUTF8_CHAR() and isUTF8_CHAR()_flags $testname: generated"
-              . " no warnings")
-          or output_warnings(@warnings);
-
-        undef @warnings;
-        $ret = test_isSTRICT_UTF8_CHAR($bytes, $length);
-        if ($will_overflow) {
-            is($ret, 0, "isSTRICT_UTF8_CHAR() $testname: returns 0");
-        }
-        else {
-            my $expected_ret = (   $testname =~ /surrogate|non-character/
-                                || $allowed_uv > 0x10FFFF)
-                               ? 0
-                               : $length;
-            is($ret, $expected_ret, "isSTRICT_UTF8_CHAR() $testname: returns"
-                                  . " expected length: $expected_ret");
-            $ret = test_isUTF8_CHAR_flags($bytes, $length,
-                                          $UTF8_DISALLOW_ILLEGAL_INTERCHANGE);
-            is($ret, $expected_ret,
-                            "isUTF8_CHAR_flags('DISALLOW_ILLEGAL_INTERCHANGE')"
-                          . " acts like isSTRICT_UTF8_CHAR");
-        }
-        is(scalar @warnings, 0,
-                "isSTRICT_UTF8_CHAR() and isUTF8_CHAR_flags $testname:"
-              . " generated no warnings")
-          or output_warnings(@warnings);
-
-        undef @warnings;
-        $ret = test_isC9_STRICT_UTF8_CHAR($bytes, $length);
-        if ($will_overflow) {
-            is($ret, 0, "isC9_STRICT_UTF8_CHAR() $testname: returns 0");
-        }
-        else {
-            my $expected_ret = (   $testname =~ /surrogate/
-                                || $allowed_uv > 0x10FFFF)
-                               ? 0
-                               : $length;
-            is($ret, $expected_ret, "isC9_STRICT_UTF8_CHAR() $testname:"
-                                   ." returns expected length: $expected_ret");
-            $ret = test_isUTF8_CHAR_flags($bytes, $length,
-                                          
$UTF8_DISALLOW_ILLEGAL_C9_INTERCHANGE);
-            is($ret, $expected_ret,
-                          
"isUTF8_CHAR_flags('DISALLOW_ILLEGAL_C9_INTERCHANGE')"
-                        . " acts like isC9_STRICT_UTF8_CHAR");
-        }
-        is(scalar @warnings, 0,
-                "isC9_STRICT_UTF8_CHAR() and isUTF8_CHAR_flags $testname:"
-              . " generated no warnings")
-          or output_warnings(@warnings);
-
-        # Test partial character handling, for each byte not a full character
-        for my $j (1.. $length - 1) {
-
-            # Skip the test for the interaction between overflow and above-31
-            # bit.  It is really testing other things than the partial
-            # character tests, for which other tests in this file are
-            # sufficient
-            last if $testname =~ /overflow/;
-
-            foreach my $disallow_flag (0, $disallow_flags) {
-                my $partial = substr($bytes, 0, $j);
-                my $ret_should_be;
-                my $comment;
-                if ($disallow_flag) {
-                    $ret_should_be = 0;
-                    $comment = "disallowed";
-                    if ($j < $needed_to_discern_len) {
-                        $ret_should_be = 1;
-                        $comment .= ", but need $needed_to_discern_len bytes"
-                                 .  " to discern:";
-                    }
-                }
-                else {
-                    $ret_should_be = 1;
-                    $comment = "allowed";
-                }
-
-                undef @warnings;
-
-                $ret = test_is_utf8_valid_partial_char_flags($partial, $j,
-                                                             $disallow_flag);
-                is($ret, $ret_should_be,
-                                "$testname: is_utf8_valid_partial_char_flags("
-                                        . display_bytes($partial)
-                                        . "), $comment: returns 
$ret_should_be");
-                is(scalar @warnings, 0,
-                        "$testname: is_utf8_valid_partial_char_flags()"
-                      . " generated no warnings")
-                  or output_warnings(@warnings);
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    # This is more complicated than the malformations tested earlier, as there
-    # are several orthogonal variables involved.  We test all the subclasses
-    # of utf8 warnings to verify they work with and without the utf8 class,
-    # and don't have effects on other sublass warnings
-    foreach my $warning ('utf8', 'surrogate', 'nonchar', 'non_unicode') {
-      foreach my $warn_flag (0, $warn_flags) {
-        foreach my $disallow_flag (0, $disallow_flags) {
-          foreach my $do_warning (0, 1) {
-
-            # We try each of the above with various combinations of
-            # malformations that can occur on the same input sequence.
-            foreach my $short ("", "short") {
-              foreach my $unexpected_noncont ("",
-                                              "unexpected non-continuation")
-              {
-                foreach my $overlong ("", "overlong") {
-
-                    # If we're already at the longest possible, we
-                    # can't create an overlong (which would be longer)
-                    # can't handle anything larger.
-                    next if $overlong && $expected_len >= $max_bytes;
-
-                    my @malformations;
-                    my @expected_errors;
-                    push @malformations, $short if $short;
-                    push @malformations, $unexpected_noncont
-                                                      if $unexpected_noncont;
-                    push @malformations, $overlong if $overlong;
-
-                    # The overflow malformation test in the input
-                    # array is coerced into being treated like one of
-                    # the others.
-                    if ($will_overflow) {
-                        push @malformations, 'overflow';
-                        push @expected_errors, $UTF8_GOT_OVERFLOW;
-                    }
-
-                    my $malformations_name = join "/", @malformations;
-                    $malformations_name .= " malformation"
-                                                if $malformations_name;
-                    $malformations_name .= "s" if @malformations > 1;
-                    my $this_bytes = $bytes;
-                    my $this_length = $length;
-                    my $expected_uv = $allowed_uv;
-                    my $this_expected_len = $expected_len;
-                    my $this_needed_to_discern_len = $needed_to_discern_len;
-                    if ($malformations_name) {
-                        $expected_uv = 0;
-
-                        # Coerce the input into the desired
-                        # malformation
-                        if ($malformations_name =~ /overlong/) {
-
-                            # For an overlong, we convert the original
-                            # start byte into a continuation byte with
-                            # the same data bits as originally. ...
-                            substr($this_bytes, 0, 1)
-                                = start_byte_to_cont(substr($this_bytes,
-                                                            0, 1));
-
-                            # ... Then we prepend it with a known
-                            # overlong sequence.  This should evaluate
-                            # to the exact same code point as the
-                            # original.
-                            $this_bytes
-                            = I8_to_native("\xff")
-                            . (I8_to_native(chr $first_continuation)
-                            x ( $max_bytes - 1 - length($this_bytes)))
-                            . $this_bytes;
-                            $this_length = length($this_bytes);
-                            $this_needed_to_discern_len
-                                 = $max_bytes - ($this_expected_len
-                                               - $this_needed_to_discern_len);
-                            $this_expected_len = $max_bytes;
-                            push @expected_errors, $UTF8_GOT_LONG;
-                        }
-                        if ($malformations_name =~ /short/) {
-
-                            # Just tell the test to not look far
-                            # enough into the input.
-                            $this_length--;
-                            $this_expected_len--;
-                            push @expected_errors, $UTF8_GOT_SHORT;
-                        }
-                        if ($malformations_name
-                                                =~ /non-continuation/)
-                        {
-                            # Change the final continuation byte into
-                            # a non one.
-                            my $pos = ($short) ? -2 : -1;
-                            substr($this_bytes, $pos, 1) = '?';
-                            $this_expected_len--;
-                            push @expected_errors,
-                                            $UTF8_GOT_NON_CONTINUATION;
-                        }
-                    }
-
-                    my $eval_warn = $do_warning
-                                ? "use warnings '$warning'"
-                                : $warning eq "utf8"
-                                    ? "no warnings 'utf8'"
-                                    : ( "use warnings 'utf8';"
-                                    . " no warnings '$warning'");
-
-                    # Is effectively disallowed if we've set up a
-                    # malformation, even if the flag indicates it is
-                    # allowed.  Fix up test name to indicate this as
-                    # well
-                    my $disallowed = $disallow_flag
-                                || $malformations_name;
-                    my $this_name = "utf8n_to_uvchr_error() $testname: "
-                                                . (($disallow_flag)
-                                                ? 'disallowed'
-                                                : $disallowed
-                                                    ? $disallowed
-                                                    : 'allowed');
-                    $this_name .= ", $eval_warn";
-                    $this_name .= ", " . (($warn_flag)
-                                        ? 'with warning flag'
-                                        : 'no warning flag');
-
-                    undef @warnings;
-                    my $ret_ref;
-                    my $display_bytes = display_bytes($this_bytes);
-                    my $call = "    Call was: $eval_warn; \$ret_ref"
-                            . " = test_utf8n_to_uvchr_error("
-                            . "'$display_bytes', $this_length,"
-                            . "$warn_flag"
-                            . "|$disallow_flag)";
-                    my $eval_text =      "$eval_warn; \$ret_ref"
-                            . " = test_utf8n_to_uvchr_error("
-                            . "'$this_bytes',"
-                            . " $this_length, $warn_flag"
-                            . "|$disallow_flag)";
-                    eval "$eval_text";
-                    if (! ok ("$@ eq ''",
-                        "$this_name: eval succeeded"))
-                    {
-                        diag "\$!='$!'; eval'd=\"$call\"";
-                        next;
-                    }
-                    if ($disallowed) {
-                        is($ret_ref->[0], 0, "$this_name: Returns 0")
-                          or diag $call;
-                    }
-                    else {
-                        is($ret_ref->[0], $expected_uv,
-                                "$this_name: Returns expected uv: "
-                                . sprintf("0x%04X", $expected_uv))
-                          or diag $call;
-                    }
-                    is($ret_ref->[1], $this_expected_len,
-                                        "$this_name: Returns expected length:"
-                                      . " $this_expected_len")
-                      or diag $call;
-
-                    my $errors = $ret_ref->[2];
-
-                    for (my $i = @expected_errors - 1; $i >= 0; $i--) {
-                        if (ok($expected_errors[$i] & $errors,
-                            "Expected and got error bit return"
-                            . " for $malformations[$i] malformation"))
-                        {
-                            $errors &= ~$expected_errors[$i];
-                        }
-                        splice @expected_errors, $i, 1;
-                    }
-                    is(scalar @expected_errors, 0,
-                            "Got all the expected malformation errors")
-                      or diag Dumper \@expected_errors;
-
-                    if (   $this_expected_len >= $this_needed_to_discern_len
-                        && ($warn_flag || $disallow_flag))
-                    {
-                        is($errors, $expected_error_flags,
-                                "Got the correct error flag")
-                          or diag $call;
-                    }
-                    else {
-                        is($errors, 0, "Got no other error flag");
-                    }
-
-                    if (@malformations) {
-                        if (! $do_warning && $warning eq 'utf8') {
-                            goto no_warnings_expected;
-                        }
-
-                        # Check that each malformation generates a
-                        # warning, removing that warning if found
-                    MALFORMATION:
-                        foreach my $malformation (@malformations) {
-                            foreach (my $i = 0; $i < @warnings; $i++) {
-                                if ($warnings[$i] =~ /$malformation/) {
-                                    pass("Expected and got"
-                                    . "'$malformation' warning");
-                                    splice @warnings, $i, 1;
-                                    next MALFORMATION;
-                                }
-                            }
-                            fail("Expected '$malformation' warning"
-                            . " but didn't get it");
-
-                        }
-                    }
-
-                    # Any overflow will override any super or above-31
-                    # warnings.
-                    goto no_warnings_expected
-                                if $will_overflow || $this_expected_len
-                                        < $this_needed_to_discern_len;
-
-                    if (    ! $do_warning
-                        && (   $warning eq 'utf8'
-                            || $warning eq $category))
-                    {
-                        goto no_warnings_expected;
-                    }
-                    elsif ($warn_flag) {
-                        if (is(scalar @warnings, 1,
-                            "$this_name: Got a single warning "))
-                        {
-                            like($warnings[0], $message,
-                                    "$this_name: Got expected warning")
-                                or diag $call;
-                        }
-                        else {
-                            diag $call;
-                            if (scalar @warnings) {
-                                output_warnings(@warnings);
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                    else {
-                    no_warnings_expected:
-                        unless (is(scalar @warnings, 0,
-                                "$this_name: Got no warnings"))
-                        {
-                            diag $call;
-                            output_warnings(@warnings);
-                        }
-                    }
-
-                    # Check CHECK_ONLY results when the input is
-                    # disallowed.  Do this when actually disallowed,
-                    # not just when the $disallow_flag is set
-                    if ($disallowed) {
-                        undef @warnings;
-                        $ret_ref = test_utf8n_to_uvchr_error(
-                                    $this_bytes, $this_length,
-                                    $disallow_flag|$UTF8_CHECK_ONLY);
-                        is($ret_ref->[0], 0,
-                                        "$this_name, CHECK_ONLY: Returns 0")
-                          or diag $call;
-                        is($ret_ref->[1], -1,
-                            "$this_name: CHECK_ONLY: returns -1 for length")
-                          or diag $call;
-                        if (! is(scalar @warnings, 0,
-                            "$this_name, CHECK_ONLY: no warnings"
-                        . " generated"))
-                        {
-                            diag $call;
-                            output_warnings(@warnings);
-                        }
-                    }
-
-                    # Now repeat some of the above, but for
-                    # uvchr_to_utf8_flags().  Since this comes from an
-                    # existing code point, it hasn't overflowed, and
-                    # isn't malformed.
-                    next if @malformations;
-
-                    # The warning and disallow flags passed in are for
-                    # utf8n_to_uvchr_error().  Convert them for
-                    # uvchr_to_utf8_flags().
-                    my $uvchr_warn_flag = 0;
-                    my $uvchr_disallow_flag = 0;
-                    if ($warn_flag) {
-                        if ($warn_flag == $UTF8_WARN_SURROGATE) {
-                            $uvchr_warn_flag = $UNICODE_WARN_SURROGATE
-                        }
-                        elsif ($warn_flag == $UTF8_WARN_NONCHAR) {
-                            $uvchr_warn_flag = $UNICODE_WARN_NONCHAR
-                        }
-                        elsif ($warn_flag == $UTF8_WARN_SUPER) {
-                            $uvchr_warn_flag = $UNICODE_WARN_SUPER
-                        }
-                        elsif ($warn_flag == $UTF8_WARN_ABOVE_31_BIT) {
-                            $uvchr_warn_flag
-                                        = $UNICODE_WARN_ABOVE_31_BIT;
-                        }
-                        else {
-                            fail(sprintf "Unexpected warn flag: %x",
-                                $warn_flag);
-                            next;
-                        }
-                    }
-                    if ($disallow_flag) {
-                        if ($disallow_flag == $UTF8_DISALLOW_SURROGATE)
-                        {
-                            $uvchr_disallow_flag
-                                        = $UNICODE_DISALLOW_SURROGATE;
-                        }
-                        elsif ($disallow_flag == $UTF8_DISALLOW_NONCHAR)
-                        {
-                            $uvchr_disallow_flag
-                                        = $UNICODE_DISALLOW_NONCHAR;
-                        }
-                        elsif ($disallow_flag == $UTF8_DISALLOW_SUPER) {
-                            $uvchr_disallow_flag
-                                        = $UNICODE_DISALLOW_SUPER;
-                        }
-                        elsif ($disallow_flag
-                                        == $UTF8_DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT)
-                        {
-                            $uvchr_disallow_flag =
-                                        $UNICODE_DISALLOW_ABOVE_31_BIT;
-                        }
-                        else {
-                            fail(sprintf "Unexpected disallow flag: %x",
-                                $disallow_flag);
-                            next;
-                        }
-                    }
-
-                    $disallowed = $uvchr_disallow_flag;
-
-                    $this_name = "uvchr_to_utf8_flags() $testname: "
-                                            . (($uvchr_disallow_flag)
-                                                ? 'disallowed'
-                                                : ($disallowed)
-                                                ? 'ABOVE_31_BIT allowed'
-                                                : 'allowed');
-                    $this_name .= ", $eval_warn";
-                    $this_name .= ", " . (($uvchr_warn_flag)
-                                        ? 'with warning flag'
-                                        : 'no warning flag');
-
-                    undef @warnings;
-                    my $ret;
-                    my $warn_flag = sprintf "0x%x", $uvchr_warn_flag;
-                    my $disallow_flag = sprintf "0x%x",
-                                                $uvchr_disallow_flag;
-                    $call = sprintf("    Call was: $eval_warn; \$ret"
-                                . " = test_uvchr_to_utf8_flags("
-                                . " 0x%x, $warn_flag|$disallow_flag)",
-                                $allowed_uv);
-                    $eval_text = "$eval_warn; \$ret ="
-                            . " test_uvchr_to_utf8_flags("
-                            . "$allowed_uv, $warn_flag|"
-                            . "$disallow_flag)";
-                    eval "$eval_text";
-                    if (! ok ("$@ eq ''", "$this_name: eval succeeded"))
-                    {
-                        diag "\$!='$!'; eval'd=\"$eval_text\"";
-                        next;
-                    }
-                    if ($disallowed) {
-                        is($ret, undef, "$this_name: Returns undef")
-                          or diag $call;
-                    }
-                    else {
-                        is($ret, $bytes, "$this_name: Returns expected string")
-                          or diag $call;
-                    }
-                    if (! $do_warning
-                        && ($warning eq 'utf8' || $warning eq $category))
-                    {
-                        if (!is(scalar @warnings, 0,
-                                "$this_name: No warnings generated"))
-                        {
-                            diag $call;
-                            output_warnings(@warnings);
-                        }
-                    }
-                    elsif (       $uvchr_warn_flag
-                        && (   $warning eq 'utf8'
-                            || $warning eq $category))
-                    {
-                        if (is(scalar @warnings, 1,
-                            "$this_name: Got a single warning "))
-                        {
-                            like($warnings[0], $message,
-                                    "$this_name: Got expected warning")
-                                or diag $call;
-                        }
-                        else {
-                            diag $call;
-                            output_warnings(@warnings)
-                                                if scalar @warnings;
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-              }
-            }
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    }
-}
-
 SKIP:
 {
     isASCII
diff --git a/ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_malformed.t 
b/ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_malformed.t
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..16c5b7f437
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ext/XS-APItest/t/utf8_malformed.t
@@ -0,0 +1,418 @@
+#!perl -w
+
+# Test handling of various UTF-8 malformations
+
+use strict;
+use Test::More;
+
+BEGIN {
+    use_ok('XS::APItest');
+    require 'charset_tools.pl';
+    require './t/utf8_setup.pl';
+};
+
+$|=1;
+
+no warnings 'deprecated'; # Some of the below are above IV_MAX on 32 bit
+                          # machines, and that is tested elsewhere
+
+use XS::APItest;
+
+my @warnings;
+
+use warnings 'utf8';
+local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub { push @warnings, @_ };
+
+my $I8c = $::I8c;
+
+my $REPLACEMENT = 0xFFFD;
+
+# Now test the malformations.  All these raise category utf8 warnings.
+my @malformations = (
+    # ($testname, $bytes, $length, $allow_flags, $expected_error_flags,
+    #  $allowed_uv, $expected_len, $needed_to_discern_len, $message )
+
+# Now considered a program bug, and asserted against
+    #[ "zero length string malformation", "", 0,
+    #    $::UTF8_ALLOW_EMPTY, $::UTF8_GOT_EMPTY, $REPLACEMENT, 0, 0,
+    #    qr/empty string/
+    #],
+    [ "orphan continuation byte malformation", I8_to_native("${I8c}a"), 2,
+        $::UTF8_ALLOW_CONTINUATION, $::UTF8_GOT_CONTINUATION, $REPLACEMENT,
+        1, 1,
+        qr/unexpected continuation byte/
+    ],
+    [ "premature next character malformation (immediate)",
+        (isASCII) ? "\xc2\xc2\x80" : I8_to_native("\xc5\xc5\xa0"),
+        3,
+        $::UTF8_ALLOW_NON_CONTINUATION, $::UTF8_GOT_NON_CONTINUATION, 
$REPLACEMENT,
+        1, 2,
+        qr/unexpected non-continuation byte.*immediately after start byte/
+    ],
+    [ "premature next character malformation (non-immediate)",
+        I8_to_native("\xef${I8c}a"), 3,
+        $::UTF8_ALLOW_NON_CONTINUATION, $::UTF8_GOT_NON_CONTINUATION, 
$REPLACEMENT,
+        2, 3,
+        qr/unexpected non-continuation byte .* 2 bytes after start byte/
+    ],
+    [ "too short malformation", I8_to_native("\xf1${I8c}a"), 2,
+        # Having the 'a' after this, but saying there are only 2 bytes also
+        # tests that we pay attention to the passed in length
+        $::UTF8_ALLOW_SHORT, $::UTF8_GOT_SHORT, $REPLACEMENT,
+        2, 2,
+        qr/2 bytes available, need 4/
+    ],
+    [ "overlong malformation, lowest 2-byte",
+        (isASCII) ? "\xc0\x80" : I8_to_native("\xc0\xa0"),
+        2,
+        $::UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $::UTF8_GOT_LONG,
+        0,   # NUL
+        2, 1,
+        qr/overlong/
+    ],
+    [ "overlong malformation, highest 2-byte",
+        (isASCII) ? "\xc1\xbf" : I8_to_native("\xc4\xbf"),
+        2,
+        $::UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $::UTF8_GOT_LONG,
+        (isASCII) ? 0x7F : utf8::unicode_to_native(0x9F),
+        2, 1,
+        qr/overlong/
+    ],
+    [ "overlong malformation, lowest 3-byte",
+        (isASCII) ? "\xe0\x80\x80" : I8_to_native("\xe0\xa0\xa0"),
+        3,
+        $::UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $::UTF8_GOT_LONG,
+        0,   # NUL
+        3, (isASCII) ? 2 : 1,
+        qr/overlong/
+    ],
+    [ "overlong malformation, highest 3-byte",
+        (isASCII) ? "\xe0\x9f\xbf" : I8_to_native("\xe0\xbf\xbf"),
+        3,
+        $::UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $::UTF8_GOT_LONG,
+        (isASCII) ? 0x7FF : 0x3FF,
+        3, (isASCII) ? 2 : 1,
+        qr/overlong/
+    ],
+    [ "overlong malformation, lowest 4-byte",
+        (isASCII) ? "\xf0\x80\x80\x80" : I8_to_native("\xf0\xa0\xa0\xa0"),
+        4,
+        $::UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $::UTF8_GOT_LONG,
+        0,   # NUL
+        4, 2,
+        qr/overlong/
+    ],
+    [ "overlong malformation, highest 4-byte",
+        (isASCII) ? "\xf0\x8F\xbf\xbf" : I8_to_native("\xf0\xaf\xbf\xbf"),
+        4,
+        $::UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $::UTF8_GOT_LONG,
+        (isASCII) ? 0xFFFF : 0x3FFF,
+        4, 2,
+        qr/overlong/
+    ],
+    [ "overlong malformation, lowest 5-byte",
+        (isASCII)
+         ?              "\xf8\x80\x80\x80\x80"
+         : I8_to_native("\xf8\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0"),
+        5,
+        $::UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $::UTF8_GOT_LONG,
+        0,   # NUL
+        5, 2,
+        qr/overlong/
+    ],
+    [ "overlong malformation, highest 5-byte",
+        (isASCII)
+         ?              "\xf8\x87\xbf\xbf\xbf"
+         : I8_to_native("\xf8\xa7\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
+        5,
+        $::UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $::UTF8_GOT_LONG,
+        (isASCII) ? 0x1FFFFF : 0x3FFFF,
+        5, 2,
+        qr/overlong/
+    ],
+    [ "overlong malformation, lowest 6-byte",
+        (isASCII)
+         ?              "\xfc\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80"
+         : I8_to_native("\xfc\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0"),
+        6,
+        $::UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $::UTF8_GOT_LONG,
+        0,   # NUL
+        6, 2,
+        qr/overlong/
+    ],
+    [ "overlong malformation, highest 6-byte",
+        (isASCII)
+         ?              "\xfc\x83\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf"
+         : I8_to_native("\xfc\xa3\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
+        6,
+        $::UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $::UTF8_GOT_LONG,
+        (isASCII) ? 0x3FFFFFF : 0x3FFFFF,
+        6, 2,
+        qr/overlong/
+    ],
+    [ "overlong malformation, lowest 7-byte",
+        (isASCII)
+         ?              "\xfe\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80"
+         : I8_to_native("\xfe\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0"),
+        7,
+        $::UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $::UTF8_GOT_LONG,
+        0,   # NUL
+        7, 2,
+        qr/overlong/
+    ],
+    [ "overlong malformation, highest 7-byte",
+        (isASCII)
+         ?              "\xfe\x81\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf"
+         : I8_to_native("\xfe\xa1\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
+        7,
+        $::UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $::UTF8_GOT_LONG,
+        (isASCII) ? 0x7FFFFFFF : 0x3FFFFFF,
+        7, 2,
+        qr/overlong/
+    ],
+);
+
+if (isASCII && ! $::is64bit) {    # 32-bit ASCII platform
+    no warnings 'portable';
+    push @malformations,
+        [ "overflow malformation",
+            "\xfe\x84\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80",  # Represents 2**32
+            7,
+            $::UTF8_ALLOW_OVERFLOW, $::UTF8_GOT_OVERFLOW,
+            $REPLACEMENT,
+            7, 2,
+            qr/overflows/
+        ],
+        [ "overflow malformation",
+            "\xff\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x81\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80",
+            $::max_bytes,
+            $::UTF8_ALLOW_OVERFLOW, $::UTF8_GOT_OVERFLOW,
+            $REPLACEMENT,
+            $::max_bytes, 1,
+            qr/overflows/
+        ];
+}
+else { # 64-bit ASCII, or EBCDIC of any size.
+    # On EBCDIC platforms, another overlong test is needed even on 32-bit
+    # systems, whereas it doesn't happen on ASCII except on 64-bit ones.
+
+    no warnings 'portable';
+    no warnings 'overflow'; # Doesn't run on 32-bit systems, but compiles
+    push @malformations,
+        [ "overlong malformation, lowest max-byte",
+            (isASCII)
+             ?      "\xff\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80"
+             : I8_to_native(
+                    
"\xff\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0"),
+            $::max_bytes,
+            $::UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $::UTF8_GOT_LONG,
+            0,   # NUL
+            $::max_bytes, (isASCII) ? 7 : 8,
+            qr/overlong/,
+        ],
+        [ "overlong malformation, highest max-byte",
+            (isASCII)    # 2**36-1 on ASCII; 2**30-1 on EBCDIC
+             ?      "\xff\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\x80\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf"
+             : I8_to_native(
+                    
"\xff\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf\xbf"),
+            $::max_bytes,
+            $::UTF8_ALLOW_LONG, $::UTF8_GOT_LONG,
+            (isASCII) ? 0xFFFFFFFFF : 0x3FFFFFFF,
+            $::max_bytes, (isASCII) ? 7 : 8,
+            qr/overlong/,
+        ];
+
+    if (! $::is64bit) {   # 32-bit EBCDIC
+        push @malformations,
+        [ "overflow malformation",
+            I8_to_native(
+                    
"\xff\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa4\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0"),
+            $::max_bytes,
+            $::UTF8_ALLOW_OVERFLOW, $::UTF8_GOT_OVERFLOW,
+            $REPLACEMENT,
+            $::max_bytes, 8,
+            qr/overflows/
+        ];
+    }
+    else {  # 64-bit, either ASCII or EBCDIC
+        push @malformations,
+            [ "overflow malformation",
+               (isASCII)
+                ?   "\xff\x80\x90\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0"
+                : I8_to_native(
+                    
"\xff\xb0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0\xa0"),
+                $::max_bytes,
+                $::UTF8_ALLOW_OVERFLOW, $::UTF8_GOT_OVERFLOW,
+                $REPLACEMENT,
+                $::max_bytes, (isASCII) ? 3 : 2,
+                qr/overflows/
+            ];
+    }
+}
+
+# For each overlong malformation in the list, we modify it, so that there are
+# two tests.  The first one returns the replacement character given the input
+# flags, and the second test adds a flag that causes the actual code point the
+# malformation represents to be returned.
+my @added_overlongs;
+foreach my $test (@malformations) {
+    my ($testname, $bytes, $length, $allow_flags, $expected_error_flags,
+        $allowed_uv, $expected_len, $needed_to_discern_len, $message ) = 
@$test;
+    next unless $testname =~ /overlong/;
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