Hi

It seems that the current implementation of PDL::MatrixOps::svd has a bug where
rank-deficient matrices can produce a non-unitary singular vector matrix:

pdl> p $x

[
 [1 2 3]
 [4 5 6]
 [4 5 6]
]

pdl> ($u,$s,$v) = svd($x)

pdl> p $u

[
 [    0.28303265     0.95911028 -4.0699249e-10]
 [    0.67819338     -0.2001343 -9.7522246e-10]
 [    0.67819338     -0.2001343 -9.7522246e-10]
]

pdl> p $s
[ 12.936563 0.80332812 3.9580815e-19]
pdl> p $v

[
 [ 0.44127483 -0.79913069  0.40824829]
 [ 0.56800242 -0.10347264 -0.81649658]
 [    0.69473  0.59218541  0.40824829]
]


We see that $u has a column of 0s, which is wrong. Here

$x == $u x stretcher($s) x $v->transpose

is still true despite the wrong $u because the associated singular value is 0
(as it should be). PDL has 2 other implementations of the SVD that do NOT have
this issue: PDL::LinearAlgebra::{msvd,mdsvd}. These seem to call LAPACK
directly. Is this a bug worth fixing? Should the non-LAPACK SVD method simply be
deprecated and removed? Is there a reason multiple SVD implementation exist in
parallel?

dima

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