I currently have pgpool in testing under a large(ish) java application.

I have tested all the scenarios you mention, here are my results -- yours will likely vary.

We're using C3P0 for both application level connection pooling, and statement pooling. Statement pooling has proven to be a huge performance boost for our application.

Please share any pros/cons for using:
1) just pgpool managed db connection pool vs

Having pgpool underneath will allow us to load-balance selects across the cluster. Our application workload is insert / update heavy on regular cycles, but read-heavy for data that's older than 1 hour.

In addition, using pgpool to trigger a failover may be easier than some other alternatives.

2) just application managed db connection pool vs

This is our current production situation. We have a rather strange application-level pool of pools to balance report queries across the nodes in our replicated cluster.

I have never had an issue with application level connection pools, they preform reliably, and work effectively. The overhead involved with JDBC connections is very high.

I tested removing the application-level connection pool and relying solely on pgpool, opening connections with the JDBC driver as needed. The performance was still better than without pgpool, but it was atrocious compared to with the application level pool in place.

3) both pgpool and application managing their own separate db
connection pools at the same time?

There's some trickery here in configuring pgpool and your application connection pool so that you don't exhaust the pgpool pool and deadlock your application pool.

I've seen marked improvement doing select-heavy loads with load-balance mode enabled. It's really nice.

I have not seen any degradation in performance, I've seen marginal improvement.

I hope this helps -- I don't have official load-test numbers at this time, or else I'd be including those here. The pgpool testing we've been undertaking hasn't made it up to our load-test environment yet -- once it's there, I plan on reporting my results.

Regards,
-Bryan Varner

Kind regards,
Stevo.
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