Fix another empty nbtree index SSI race.

Commit f9b7fc65 fixed a race when predicate-locking completely empty
btrees: without a buffer lock held, a matching key could be inserted
between _bt_search and the PredicateLockRelation call, so the scan would
miss concurrently inserted tuples while the writer wouldn't see the
reader's predicate lock.  That commit only fixed _bt_first's _bt_search
path, though.  Scans without useful insertion scan keys return early
from _bt_first via _bt_endpoint, which still didn't recheck if the
relation was empty.

To fix, add handling to _bt_endpoint that is analogous to the handling
added to _bt_search by commit f9b7fc65.

Author: Peter Geoghegan <[email protected]>
Discussion: 
https://postgr.es/m/cah2-wzknotn3yxy0igksuavj+sl8erof+kitw+_2v2tjvwu...@mail.gmail.com
Backpatch-through: 14

Branch
------
REL_17_STABLE

Details
-------
https://git.postgresql.org/pg/commitdiff/8434c938598d64f972aceb564104397787a21997

Modified Files
--------------
src/backend/access/nbtree/nbtsearch.c | 18 +++++++++++++-----
1 file changed, 13 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

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