>
> Okay.  It really sounds to me like an ErrorContextCallback would help
> you here.  I don't see a need to complicate statatt_build_stavalues(),
> but my intuition can also be wrong.
>

Sigh. errsave_finish() only calls errfinish() on elevel >= ERROR, and
that's where the context stack is walked. The failed work in progress is
attached too, mostly as a cautionary tale.

v5-0001 includes tests for null expressions on the leading and trailing end.
From 189c756743297c8da2060d00d01f3d3033b2617e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Corey Huinker <[email protected]>
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 2026 04:22:40 -0500
Subject: [PATCH v5 1/2] Add support for "exprs" in pg_restore_extended_stats()

This commit adds support for the restore of extended statistics of the
kind "exprs".

The input format consists of a jsonb object which must be an array of
objects which are keyed by statistics parameter names, like this:

[{"stat_type1": "...", "stat_type2": "...", ...},
 {"stat_type1": "...", "stat_type2": "...", ...}, ...]

The outer array must have as many elements as there are expressions
defined in the statistics object. The keys of the inner objects are
names of some or all of the statistical columns in pg_stats_ext_exprs
(i.e. everything after "inherited"). Not all parameter keys need to be
provided, those omitted are silently ignored.

The expected value type for all parameters is jbvString, which allows
us to validate the values using the input function specific to that
parameter. Any parameters with a null value are silently ignored, same
as if they werent provided in the first place.
---
 src/backend/statistics/extended_stats_funcs.c | 720 ++++++++++++++++-
 src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dump.c                     |  44 +-
 src/test/regress/expected/stats_import.out    | 724 +++++++++++++++++-
 src/test/regress/sql/stats_import.sql         | 434 ++++++++++-
 doc/src/sgml/func/func-admin.sgml             |  42 +-
 5 files changed, 1925 insertions(+), 39 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/backend/statistics/extended_stats_funcs.c b/src/backend/statistics/extended_stats_funcs.c
index db107684607..2771ec2d8cb 100644
--- a/src/backend/statistics/extended_stats_funcs.c
+++ b/src/backend/statistics/extended_stats_funcs.c
@@ -32,8 +32,10 @@
 #include "utils/array.h"
 #include "utils/builtins.h"
 #include "utils/fmgroids.h"
+#include "utils/jsonb.h"
 #include "utils/lsyscache.h"
 #include "utils/syscache.h"
+#include "utils/typcache.h"
 
 
 /*
@@ -51,6 +53,7 @@ enum extended_stats_argnum
 	MOST_COMMON_VALS_ARG,
 	MOST_COMMON_FREQS_ARG,
 	MOST_COMMON_BASE_FREQS_ARG,
+	EXPRESSIONS_ARG,
 	NUM_EXTENDED_STATS_ARGS,
 };
 
@@ -70,9 +73,49 @@ static struct StatsArgInfo extarginfo[] =
 	[MOST_COMMON_VALS_ARG] = {"most_common_vals", TEXTARRAYOID},
 	[MOST_COMMON_FREQS_ARG] = {"most_common_freqs", FLOAT8ARRAYOID},
 	[MOST_COMMON_BASE_FREQS_ARG] = {"most_common_base_freqs", FLOAT8ARRAYOID},
+	[EXPRESSIONS_ARG] = {"exprs", JSONBOID},
 	[NUM_EXTENDED_STATS_ARGS] = {0},
 };
 
+/*
+ * An index of the elements of a stxdexpr Datum, which repeat for each
+ * expression in the extended statistics object.
+ *
+ * NOTE: the RANGE_LENGTH & RANGE_BOUNDS stats are not yet reflected in any
+ * version of pg_stat_ext_exprs.
+ */
+enum extended_stats_exprs_element
+{
+	NULL_FRAC_ELEM = 0,
+	AVG_WIDTH_ELEM,
+	N_DISTINCT_ELEM,
+	MOST_COMMON_VALS_ELEM,
+	MOST_COMMON_FREQS_ELEM,
+	HISTOGRAM_BOUNDS_ELEM,
+	CORRELATION_ELEM,
+	MOST_COMMON_ELEMS_ELEM,
+	MOST_COMMON_ELEM_FREQS_ELEM,
+	ELEM_COUNT_HISTOGRAM_ELEM,
+	NUM_ATTRIBUTE_STATS_ELEMS
+};
+
+/*
+ * The argument names of the repeating arguments for stxdexpr.
+ */
+static const char *extexprargname[NUM_ATTRIBUTE_STATS_ELEMS] =
+{
+	"null_frac",
+	"avg_width",
+	"n_distinct",
+	"most_common_vals",
+	"most_common_freqs",
+	"histogram_bounds",
+	"correlation",
+	"most_common_elems",
+	"most_common_elem_freqs",
+	"elem_count_histogram",
+};
+
 static bool extended_statistics_update(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo);
 
 static HeapTuple get_pg_statistic_ext(Relation pg_stext, Oid nspoid,
@@ -98,6 +141,10 @@ static void upsert_pg_statistic_ext_data(const Datum *values,
 
 static bool check_mcvlist_array(const ArrayType *arr, int argindex,
 								int required_ndims, int mcv_length);
+static Datum import_expressions(Relation pgsd, int numexprs,
+								Oid *atttypids, int32 *atttypmods,
+								Oid *atttypcolls, Jsonb *exprs_jsonb,
+								bool *ok);
 static Datum import_mcv(const ArrayType *mcv_arr,
 						const ArrayType *freqs_arr,
 						const ArrayType *base_freqs_arr,
@@ -105,6 +152,11 @@ static Datum import_mcv(const ArrayType *mcv_arr,
 						Oid *atttypcolls, int numattrs,
 						bool *ok);
 
+static char *jbv_string_get_cstr(JsonbValue *jval);
+static Datum jbv_string_get_text_datum(JsonbValue *jval);
+static bool jbv_to_infunc_datum(JsonbValue *jval, PGFunction func,
+								AttrNumber exprnum, const char *argname,
+								char *argtype, Datum *datum);
 
 /*
  * Fetch a pg_statistic_ext row by name and namespace OID.
@@ -296,6 +348,7 @@ extended_statistics_update(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo)
 			   !PG_ARGISNULL(MOST_COMMON_BASE_FREQS_ARG));
 	has.ndistinct = !PG_ARGISNULL(NDISTINCT_ARG);
 	has.dependencies = !PG_ARGISNULL(DEPENDENCIES_ARG);
+	has.expressions = !PG_ARGISNULL(EXPRESSIONS_ARG);
 
 	if (RecoveryInProgress())
 	{
@@ -418,11 +471,11 @@ extended_statistics_update(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo)
 	{
 		ereport(WARNING,
 				errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
-				errmsg("cannot specify parameter \"%s\"",
-					   extarginfo[NDISTINCT_ARG].argname),
-				errhint("Extended statistics object \"%s\".\"%s\" does not support statistics of this type.",
+				errmsg("invalid statistics type for object"),
+				errhint("Extended statistics object \"%s\".\"%s\" does not support statistics of type \"%s\".",
 						quote_identifier(nspname),
-						quote_identifier(stxname)));
+						quote_identifier(stxname),
+						extarginfo[NDISTINCT_ARG].argname));
 
 		has.ndistinct = false;
 		success = false;
@@ -436,11 +489,11 @@ extended_statistics_update(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo)
 	{
 		ereport(WARNING,
 				errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
-				errmsg("cannot specify parameter \"%s\"",
-					   extarginfo[DEPENDENCIES_ARG].argname),
-				errhint("Extended statistics object \"%s\".\"%s\" does not support statistics of this type.",
+				errmsg("invalid statistics type for object"),
+				errhint("Extended statistics object \"%s\".\"%s\" does not support statistics of type \"%s\".",
 						quote_identifier(nspname),
-						quote_identifier(stxname)));
+						quote_identifier(stxname),
+						extarginfo[DEPENDENCIES_ARG].argname));
 		has.dependencies = false;
 		success = false;
 	}
@@ -459,13 +512,13 @@ extended_statistics_update(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo)
 		{
 			ereport(WARNING,
 					errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
-					errmsg("cannot specify parameters \"%s\", \"%s\" or \"%s\"",
-						   extarginfo[MOST_COMMON_VALS_ARG].argname,
-						   extarginfo[MOST_COMMON_FREQS_ARG].argname,
-						   extarginfo[MOST_COMMON_BASE_FREQS_ARG].argname),
-					errhint("Extended statistics object \"%s\".\"%s\" does not support statistics of this type.",
+					errmsg("invalid statistics type for object"),
+					errhint("Extended statistics object \"%s\".\"%s\" does not support statistics of type \"%s\", \"%s\", or \"%s\".",
 							quote_identifier(nspname),
-							quote_identifier(stxname)));
+							quote_identifier(stxname),
+							extarginfo[MOST_COMMON_VALS_ARG].argname,
+							extarginfo[MOST_COMMON_FREQS_ARG].argname,
+							extarginfo[MOST_COMMON_BASE_FREQS_ARG].argname));
 
 			has.mcv = false;
 			success = false;
@@ -484,14 +537,32 @@ extended_statistics_update(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo)
 		{
 			ereport(WARNING,
 					errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
-					errmsg("could not use \"%s\", \"%s\" and \"%s\": missing one or more parameters",
-						   extarginfo[MOST_COMMON_VALS_ARG].argname,
-						   extarginfo[MOST_COMMON_FREQS_ARG].argname,
-						   extarginfo[MOST_COMMON_BASE_FREQS_ARG].argname));
+					errmsg("incomplete statistics for kind \"%s\"", "mcv"),
+					errhint("Extended statistics object \"%s\".\"%s\" missing one or more of \"%s\", \"%s\" and \"%s\"",
+							quote_identifier(nspname),
+							quote_identifier(stxname),
+							extarginfo[MOST_COMMON_VALS_ARG].argname,
+							extarginfo[MOST_COMMON_FREQS_ARG].argname,
+							extarginfo[MOST_COMMON_BASE_FREQS_ARG].argname));
 			success = false;
 		}
 	}
 
+	/* If the object can't support expressions, we should not have them. */
+	if (has.expressions && !enabled.expressions)
+	{
+		ereport(WARNING,
+				errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+				errmsg("invalid statistics type for object"),
+				errhint("Extended statistics object \"%s\".\"%s\" does not support statistics of type \"%s\".",
+						quote_identifier(nspname),
+						quote_identifier(stxname),
+						extarginfo[EXPRESSIONS_ARG].argname));
+
+		has.expressions = false;
+		success = false;
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * Either of these statistic types requires that we supply a semi-filled
 	 * VacAttrStatP array.
@@ -501,7 +572,7 @@ extended_statistics_update(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo)
 	 * attstattarget is 0, and we may have statistics data to import for those
 	 * attributes.
 	 */
-	if (has.mcv)
+	if (has.mcv || has.expressions)
 	{
 		atttypids = palloc0_array(Oid, numattrs);
 		atttypmods = palloc0_array(int32, numattrs);
@@ -539,7 +610,7 @@ extended_statistics_update(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo)
 		/*
 		 * After all the positive number attnums in stxkeys come the negative
 		 * numbers (if any) which represent expressions in the order that they
-		 * appear in stxdexprs.  Because the expressions are always
+		 * appear in stxdexpr.  Because the expressions are always
 		 * monotonically decreasing from -1, there is no point in looking at
 		 * the values in stxkeys, it's enough to know how many of them there
 		 * are.
@@ -636,6 +707,42 @@ extended_statistics_update(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo)
 			success = false;
 	}
 
+	if (has.expressions)
+	{
+		Datum		datum;
+		Relation	pgsd;
+		bool		ok = false;
+
+		pgsd = table_open(StatisticRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);
+
+		/*
+		 * Generate the expressions array.
+		 *
+		 * The attytypids, attytypmods, and atttypcolls arrays have all the
+		 * regular attributes listed first, so we can pass those arrays with a
+		 * start point after the last regular attribute, and there should be
+		 * numexprs elements remaining.
+		 */
+		datum = import_expressions(pgsd, numexprs,
+								   &atttypids[numattnums],
+								   &atttypmods[numattnums],
+								   &atttypcolls[numattnums],
+								   PG_GETARG_JSONB_P(EXPRESSIONS_ARG),
+								   &ok);
+
+		table_close(pgsd, RowExclusiveLock);
+
+		if (ok)
+		{
+			Assert(datum != (Datum) 0);
+			values[Anum_pg_statistic_ext_data_stxdexpr - 1] = datum;
+			replaces[Anum_pg_statistic_ext_data_stxdexpr - 1] = true;
+			nulls[Anum_pg_statistic_ext_data_stxdexpr - 1] = false;
+		}
+		else
+			success = false;
+	}
+
 	upsert_pg_statistic_ext_data(values, nulls, replaces);
 
 cleanup:
@@ -764,6 +871,579 @@ mcv_error:
 	return mcv;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Check if a given unterminated string is found in the list of expression argnames.
+ */
+static bool
+key_in_expr_argnames(JsonbValue *key)
+{
+	for (int i = 0; i < NUM_ATTRIBUTE_STATS_ELEMS; i++)
+	{
+		if (strncmp(extexprargname[i], key->val.string.val, key->val.string.len) == 0)
+			return true;
+	}
+	return false;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Verify that all of the keys in the object are valid argnames.
+ */
+static bool
+check_valid_expr_argnames(JsonbContainer *cont)
+{
+	bool		all_keys_valid = true;
+
+	JsonbIterator *jbit;
+	JsonbIteratorToken jitok;
+	JsonbValue	jkey;
+
+	Assert(JsonContainerIsObject(cont));
+
+	jbit = JsonbIteratorInit(cont);
+
+	/* We always start off with a BEGIN OBJECT */
+	jitok = JsonbIteratorNext(&jbit, &jkey, false);
+	Assert(jitok == WJB_BEGIN_OBJECT);
+
+	while (true)
+	{
+		JsonbValue	jval;
+		char	   *s;
+
+		jitok = JsonbIteratorNext(&jbit, &jkey, false);
+
+		/*
+		 * We have run of keys. This is the only condition where it is
+		 * memory-safe to break out of the loop.
+		 */
+		if (jitok == WJB_END_OBJECT)
+			break;
+
+		/* We can only find keys inside an object */
+		Assert(jitok == WJB_KEY);
+		Assert(jkey.type == jbvString);
+
+		/* A value must follow the key, it must be a string or null */
+		jitok = JsonbIteratorNext(&jbit, &jval, false);
+		Assert(jitok == WJB_VALUE);
+
+		/*
+		 * If we have already found an invalid key, there is no point in
+		 * looking for more, because additional WARNINGs are just clutter. But
+		 * we must continue iterating over the json to ensure that we clean up
+		 * all memory.
+		 */
+		if (!all_keys_valid)
+			continue;
+
+		if (key_in_expr_argnames(&jkey))
+			continue;
+
+		s = jbv_string_get_cstr(&jkey);
+
+		ereport(WARNING,
+				errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+				errmsg("malformed expr expression: \"%s\": is not an expression key name, value ignored", s));
+
+		pfree(s);
+		all_keys_valid = false;
+	}
+	return all_keys_valid;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Simple conversion of jsonb string val to cstring
+ */
+static char *
+jbv_string_get_cstr(JsonbValue *jval)
+{
+	char	   *s;
+
+	Assert(jval->type == jbvString);
+
+	s = palloc0(jval->val.string.len + 1);
+	memcpy(s, jval->val.string.val, jval->val.string.len);
+
+	return s;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Simple conversion of jsonb string val to TextDatum
+ */
+static Datum
+jbv_string_get_text_datum(JsonbValue *jval)
+{
+	char	   *s = jbv_string_get_cstr(jval);
+	Datum		datum = CStringGetTextDatum(s);
+
+	pfree(s);
+	return datum;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Apply a jbvString value to a safe scalar input function.
+ */
+static bool
+jbv_to_infunc_datum(JsonbValue *jval, PGFunction func, AttrNumber exprnum,
+					const char *argname, char *argtype, Datum *datum)
+{
+	ErrorSaveContext escontext = {T_ErrorSaveContext};
+
+	char	   *s = jbv_string_get_cstr(jval);
+	bool		ok;
+
+	ok = DirectInputFunctionCallSafe(func, s, InvalidOid, -1,
+									 (Node *) &escontext, datum);
+
+	if (!ok)
+		ereport(WARNING,
+				errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+				errmsg("could not parse expression element"),
+				errhint("Expression %d, element \"%s\", value \"%s\": invalid type \"%s\"",
+						exprnum, argname, s, argtype));
+
+	pfree(s);
+	return ok;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create a pg_statistic tuple from an expression container.
+ *
+ * The pg_statistic tuple is pre-populated with acceptable defaults, therefore
+ * even if there is an issue with all of the keys in the container, we can
+ * still return a legit tuple datum.
+ */
+static Datum
+import_pg_statistic(Relation pgsd, JsonbContainer *cont,
+					AttrNumber exprnum, FmgrInfo *array_in_fn,
+					Oid typid, int32 typmod, Oid typcoll,
+					bool *row_is_perfect)
+{
+	TypeCacheEntry *typcache;
+	Datum		values[Natts_pg_statistic];
+	bool		nulls[Natts_pg_statistic];
+	bool		replaces[Natts_pg_statistic];
+	HeapTuple	pgstup = NULL;
+	Datum		pgstdat = (Datum) 0;
+	Oid			elemtypid = InvalidOid;
+	Oid			elemeqopr = InvalidOid;
+
+	bool		found[NUM_ATTRIBUTE_STATS_ELEMS] = {0};
+	JsonbValue	val[NUM_ATTRIBUTE_STATS_ELEMS] = {0};
+
+	Assert(JsonContainerIsObject(cont));
+
+	*row_is_perfect = true;
+
+	/*
+	 * Loop through all keys that we need to look up. Treat jbvNull the same
+	 * as if we didn't find the value. If any values we find aren't jbvString,
+	 * then we're going to give up on the entire tuple.
+	 */
+	for (int i = 0; i < NUM_ATTRIBUTE_STATS_ELEMS; i++)
+	{
+		const char *s = extexprargname[i];
+		int			len = strlen(s);
+
+		if (getKeyJsonValueFromContainer(cont, s, len, &val[i]) == NULL)
+			continue;
+
+		switch (val[i].type)
+		{
+			case jbvString:
+				found[i] = true;
+				break;
+			case jbvNull:
+				break;
+			default:
+				ereport(WARNING,
+						errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+						errmsg("invalid expression element"),
+						errhint("Expression %d, element \"%s\" must be type null or string",
+								exprnum, s));
+				found[i] = false;
+				*row_is_perfect = false;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Look for invalid keys, warn on the first one found, but do not abandon
+	 * the tuple.
+	 */
+	if (!check_valid_expr_argnames(cont))
+		*row_is_perfect = false;
+
+	/*
+	 * There are two arg pairs, MCV+MCF and MCEV+MCEF. Both values must either
+	 * be found or be not found. Any disagreement is a warning. Once we have
+	 * ruled out disagreeing pairs, we can use either found flag as a proxy
+	 * for the other.
+	 */
+	if (found[MOST_COMMON_VALS_ELEM] != found[MOST_COMMON_FREQS_ELEM])
+	{
+		ereport(WARNING,
+				errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+				errmsg("inconsistent expression elements"),
+				errhint("Expression %d, element \"%s\" and \"%s\" must be either both be strings or both be nulls.",
+						exprnum, extexprargname[MOST_COMMON_VALS_ELEM],
+						extexprargname[MOST_COMMON_FREQS_ELEM]));
+		found[MOST_COMMON_VALS_ELEM] = false;
+		found[MOST_COMMON_FREQS_ELEM] = false;
+		*row_is_perfect = false;
+	}
+	if (found[MOST_COMMON_ELEMS_ELEM] != found[MOST_COMMON_ELEM_FREQS_ELEM])
+	{
+		ereport(WARNING,
+				errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+				errmsg("inconsistent expression elements"),
+				errhint("Expression %d, element \"%s\" and \"%s\" must be either both be strings or both be nulls.",
+						exprnum, extexprargname[MOST_COMMON_ELEMS_ELEM],
+						extexprargname[MOST_COMMON_ELEM_FREQS_ELEM]));
+		found[MOST_COMMON_ELEMS_ELEM] = false;
+		found[MOST_COMMON_ELEM_FREQS_ELEM] = false;
+		*row_is_perfect = false;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * XXX:
+	 *
+	 * We may need to duplicate some steps from statatt_get_type() that we do
+	 * not currently, those are:
+	 *
+	 * #include "catalog/pg_collation_d.h" if (typid == TSVECTOROID) stacoll =
+	 * DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID;
+	 *
+	 * The multirange step-down may also need to happen here too.
+	 */
+
+	/* This finds the right operators even if atttypid is a domain */
+	typcache = lookup_type_cache(typid, TYPECACHE_LT_OPR | TYPECACHE_EQ_OPR);
+
+	statatt_init_empty_tuple(InvalidOid, InvalidAttrNumber, false,
+							 values, nulls, replaces);
+
+	/*
+	 * We only need to fetch element type and eq operator if we have a stat of
+	 * type MCELEM or DECHIST, otherwise the values are unnecessary and not
+	 * meaningful.
+	 */
+	if (found[MOST_COMMON_ELEMS_ELEM] || found[ELEM_COUNT_HISTOGRAM_ELEM])
+	{
+		if (!statatt_get_elem_type(typid, typcache->typtype,
+								   &elemtypid, &elemeqopr))
+		{
+			ereport(WARNING,
+					errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+					errmsg("could not determine element type of expression"),
+					errhint("Expression %d", exprnum));
+
+			/* Must disable both */
+			found[MOST_COMMON_ELEMS_ELEM] = false;
+			found[ELEM_COUNT_HISTOGRAM_ELEM] = false;
+			*row_is_perfect = false;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* null_frac */
+	if (found[NULL_FRAC_ELEM])
+	{
+		Datum		datum;
+
+		if (jbv_to_infunc_datum(&val[NULL_FRAC_ELEM], float4in, exprnum,
+								extexprargname[NULL_FRAC_ELEM], "float4",
+								&datum))
+			values[Anum_pg_statistic_stanullfrac - 1] = datum;
+		else
+			*row_is_perfect = false;
+	}
+
+	/* avg_width */
+	if (found[AVG_WIDTH_ELEM])
+	{
+		Datum		datum;
+
+		if (jbv_to_infunc_datum(&val[AVG_WIDTH_ELEM], int4in, exprnum,
+								extexprargname[AVG_WIDTH_ELEM], "int4",
+								&datum))
+			values[Anum_pg_statistic_stawidth - 1] = datum;
+		else
+			*row_is_perfect = false;
+	}
+
+	/* n_distinct */
+	if (found[N_DISTINCT_ELEM])
+	{
+		Datum		datum;
+
+		if (jbv_to_infunc_datum(&val[N_DISTINCT_ELEM], float4in, exprnum,
+								extexprargname[N_DISTINCT_ELEM], "float4",
+								&datum))
+			values[Anum_pg_statistic_stadistinct - 1] = datum;
+		else
+			*row_is_perfect = false;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * The STAKIND statistics are the same as the ones found in attribute
+	 * stats.  However, these are all derived from json strings, whereas the
+	 * ones derived for attribute stats are a mix of datatypes. This limits
+	 * the opportunities for code sharing between the two.
+	 *
+	 * Some statistic kinds have both a stanumbers and a stavalues components.
+	 * In those cases, both values must either be NOT NULL or both NULL, and
+	 * if they aren't then we need to reject that stakind completely.
+	 * Currently we go a step further and reject the expression array
+	 * completely.
+	 *
+	 * Once it is established that the pairs are in NULL/NOT-NULL alignment,
+	 * we can test either expr_nulls[] value to see if the stakind has
+	 * value(s) that we can set or not.
+	 */
+
+	if (found[MOST_COMMON_VALS_ELEM])
+	{
+		Datum		scratch;
+		Datum		stavalues;
+		Datum		stanumbers;
+		bool		val_ok = false;
+		bool		num_ok = false;
+
+		scratch = jbv_string_get_text_datum(&val[MOST_COMMON_VALS_ELEM]);
+		stavalues = statatt_build_stavalues(extexprargname[MOST_COMMON_VALS_ELEM],
+											array_in_fn, scratch,
+											typid, typmod, &val_ok);
+		pfree((void *) scratch);
+
+		scratch = jbv_string_get_text_datum(&val[MOST_COMMON_FREQS_ELEM]);
+		stanumbers = statatt_build_stavalues(extexprargname[MOST_COMMON_FREQS_ELEM],
+											 array_in_fn, scratch,
+											 FLOAT4OID, -1, &num_ok);
+		pfree((void *) scratch);
+
+		/* Only set the slot if both datums built */
+		if (val_ok && num_ok)
+			statatt_set_slot(values, nulls, replaces,
+							 STATISTIC_KIND_MCV,
+							 typcache->eq_opr, typcoll,
+							 stanumbers, false, stavalues, false);
+		else
+			*row_is_perfect = false;
+	}
+
+	/* STATISTIC_KIND_HISTOGRAM */
+	if (found[HISTOGRAM_BOUNDS_ELEM])
+	{
+		Datum		stavalues;
+		bool		val_ok = false;
+		Datum		scratch;
+
+		scratch = jbv_string_get_text_datum(&val[HISTOGRAM_BOUNDS_ELEM]);
+		stavalues = statatt_build_stavalues(extexprargname[HISTOGRAM_BOUNDS_ELEM],
+											array_in_fn, scratch,
+											typid, typmod, &val_ok);
+		pfree((void *) scratch);
+
+		if (val_ok)
+			statatt_set_slot(values, nulls, replaces,
+							 STATISTIC_KIND_HISTOGRAM,
+							 typcache->lt_opr, typcoll,
+							 0, true, stavalues, false);
+		else
+			*row_is_perfect = false;
+	}
+
+	/* STATISTIC_KIND_CORRELATION */
+	if (found[CORRELATION_ELEM])
+	{
+		Datum		corr[] = {(Datum) 0};
+
+		if (jbv_to_infunc_datum(&val[CORRELATION_ELEM], float4in, exprnum,
+								extexprargname[CORRELATION_ELEM], "float4",
+								&corr[0]))
+		{
+			ArrayType  *arry = construct_array_builtin(corr, 1, FLOAT4OID);
+			Datum		stanumbers = PointerGetDatum(arry);
+
+			statatt_set_slot(values, nulls, replaces,
+							 STATISTIC_KIND_CORRELATION,
+							 typcache->lt_opr, typcoll,
+							 stanumbers, false, 0, true);
+		}
+		else
+			*row_is_perfect = false;
+	}
+
+	/* STATISTIC_KIND_MCELEM */
+	if (found[MOST_COMMON_ELEMS_ELEM])
+	{
+		Datum		scratch;
+		Datum		stavalues;
+		Datum		stanumbers;
+		bool		val_ok = false;
+		bool		num_ok = false;
+
+		scratch = jbv_string_get_text_datum(&val[MOST_COMMON_ELEMS_ELEM]);
+		stavalues = statatt_build_stavalues(extexprargname[MOST_COMMON_ELEMS_ELEM],
+											array_in_fn, scratch,
+											elemtypid, typmod, &val_ok);
+		pfree((void *) scratch);
+
+		scratch = jbv_string_get_text_datum(&val[MOST_COMMON_ELEM_FREQS_ELEM]);
+		stanumbers = statatt_build_stavalues(extexprargname[MOST_COMMON_ELEM_FREQS_ELEM],
+											 array_in_fn, scratch,
+											 FLOAT4OID, -1, &num_ok);
+		pfree((void *) scratch);
+
+		/* Only set the slot if both datums built */
+		if (val_ok && num_ok)
+			statatt_set_slot(values, nulls, replaces,
+							 STATISTIC_KIND_MCELEM,
+							 elemeqopr, typcoll,
+							 stanumbers, false, stavalues, false);
+		else
+			*row_is_perfect = false;
+	}
+
+	/* STATISTIC_KIND_DECHIST */
+	if (found[ELEM_COUNT_HISTOGRAM_ELEM])
+	{
+		Datum		scratch;
+		Datum		stanumbers;
+		bool		num_ok = false;
+
+		scratch = jbv_string_get_text_datum(&val[ELEM_COUNT_HISTOGRAM_ELEM]);
+		stanumbers = statatt_build_stavalues(extexprargname[ELEM_COUNT_HISTOGRAM_ELEM],
+											 array_in_fn, scratch,
+											 FLOAT4OID, -1, &num_ok);
+
+		pfree((void *) scratch);
+
+		if (num_ok)
+			statatt_set_slot(values, nulls, replaces, STATISTIC_KIND_DECHIST,
+							 elemeqopr, typcoll, stanumbers, false, 0, true);
+		else
+			*row_is_perfect = false;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Currently there is no extended stats export of the statistic kinds
+	 * BOUNDS_HISTOGRAM or RANGE_LENGTH_HISTOGRAM so these cannot be imported.
+	 * These may be added in the future.
+	 */
+	pgstup = heap_form_tuple(RelationGetDescr(pgsd), values, nulls);
+	pgstdat = heap_copy_tuple_as_datum(pgstup, RelationGetDescr(pgsd));
+
+	pfree(pgstup);
+
+	return pgstdat;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create the stxdexpr datum, which is an array of pg_statistic rows with all
+ * of the object identification fields left at defaults, using the json array
+ * of objects/nulls,referenced against the datatypes for the expressions.
+ *
+ * This datum is needed to fill out a complete pg_statistic_ext_data tuple.
+ */
+static Datum
+import_expressions(Relation pgsd, int numexprs,
+				   Oid *atttypids, int32 *atttypmods,
+				   Oid *atttypcolls, Jsonb *exprs_jsonb,
+				   bool *exprs_is_perfect)
+{
+	Oid			pgstypoid = get_rel_type_id(StatisticRelationId);
+
+	ArrayBuildState *astate = NULL;
+	Datum		result = (Datum) 0;
+
+	const char *argname = extarginfo[EXPRESSIONS_ARG].argname;
+	JsonbContainer *root;
+	int			num_root_elements;
+
+	FmgrInfo	array_in_fn;
+
+	*exprs_is_perfect = true;
+
+	/* Json schema must be [{expr},...] */
+	if (!JB_ROOT_IS_ARRAY(exprs_jsonb))
+	{
+		ereport(WARNING,
+				errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+				errmsg("malformed expressions \"%s\": expected root level array",
+					   argname));
+		*exprs_is_perfect = false;
+		goto exprs_error;
+	}
+
+	root = &exprs_jsonb->root;
+
+	/*
+	 * The number of elements in the array must match the number of
+	 * expressions in the stats object definition.
+	 */
+	num_root_elements = JsonContainerSize(root);
+	if (numexprs != num_root_elements)
+	{
+		ereport(WARNING,
+				errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+				errmsg("malformed expressions \"%s\": expected array of %d, found %d",
+
+					   argname, num_root_elements, numexprs));
+		*exprs_is_perfect = false;
+		goto exprs_error;
+	}
+
+	fmgr_info(F_ARRAY_IN, &array_in_fn);
+
+	/*
+	 * Iterate over each expected expression object in the array. Some of them
+	 * could be null. If the element is a completely wrong data type, give a
+	 * warning and then treat the element like a null.
+	 */
+	for (int i = 0; i < numexprs; i++)
+	{
+		Datum		pgstdat = (Datum) 0;
+		bool		isnull = true;
+
+		JsonbValue *elem = getIthJsonbValueFromContainer(root, i);
+
+		if (elem->type == jbvBinary)
+		{
+			JsonbContainer *cont = (JsonbContainer *) elem->val.binary.data;
+			AttrNumber	exprattnum = -1 - i;
+			bool		sta_ok = false;
+
+			pgstdat = import_pg_statistic(pgsd, cont, exprattnum, &array_in_fn,
+										  atttypids[i], atttypmods[i],
+										  atttypcolls[i], &sta_ok);
+
+			/*
+			 * Our result is perfect only if all that elements of it are as
+			 * well.
+			 */
+			if (!sta_ok)
+				*exprs_is_perfect = false;
+			isnull = false;
+		}
+		else if (elem->type != jbvNull)
+		{
+			ereport(WARNING,
+					errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+					errmsg("malformed expressions \"%s\": all array elements must be objects or null",
+						   argname));
+		}
+
+		astate = accumArrayResult(astate, pgstdat, isnull, pgstypoid,
+								  CurrentMemoryContext);
+	}
+
+	if (astate != NULL)
+		result = makeArrayResult(astate, CurrentMemoryContext);
+
+exprs_error:
+	return result;
+};
+
 /*
  * Remove an existing pg_statistic_ext_data row for a given pg_statistic_ext
  * row and "inherited" pair.
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dump.c b/src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dump.c
index 2bebefd0ba2..c8166ebccc0 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dump.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dump.c
@@ -18652,11 +18652,46 @@ dumpStatisticsExtStats(Archive *fout, const StatsExtInfo *statsextinfo)
 		if (fout->remoteVersion >= 130000)
 			appendPQExpBufferStr(pq,
 								 "e.most_common_vals, e.most_common_freqs, "
-								 "e.most_common_base_freqs ");
+								 "e.most_common_base_freqs, ");
 		else
 			appendPQExpBufferStr(pq,
 								 "NULL AS most_common_vals, NULL AS most_common_freqs, "
-								 "NULL AS most_common_base_freqs ");
+								 "NULL AS most_common_base_freqs, ");
+
+		/* Expressions were introduced in v14 */
+		if (fout->remoteVersion >= 140000)
+		{
+			/*
+			 * There is no ordering column in pg_stats_ext_exprs. However, we
+			 * can rely on the unnesting of pg_statistic.ext_data.stxdexpr to
+			 * maintain the desired order of expression elements.
+			 */
+			appendPQExpBufferStr(pq,
+								 "( "
+								 "SELECT jsonb_pretty(jsonb_agg("
+								 "    jsonb_build_object( "
+								 "       'null_frac', ee.null_frac::text, "
+								 "       'avg_width', ee.avg_width::text, "
+								 "       'n_distinct', ee.n_distinct::text, "
+								 "       'most_common_vals', ee.most_common_vals::text, "
+								 "       'most_common_freqs', ee.most_common_freqs::text, "
+								 "       'histogram_bounds', ee.histogram_bounds::text, "
+								 "       'correlation', ee.correlation::text, "
+								 "       'most_common_elems', ee.most_common_elems::text, "
+								 "       'most_common_elem_freqs', ee.most_common_elem_freqs::text, "
+								 "       'elem_count_histogram', ee.elem_count_histogram::text))) "
+								 "FROM pg_stats_ext_exprs AS ee "
+								 "WHERE ee.statistics_schemaname = $1 "
+								 "AND ee.statistics_name = $2 ");
+
+			/* Inherited expressions introduced in v15 */
+			if (fout->remoteVersion >= 150000)
+				appendPQExpBufferStr(pq, "AND ee.inherited = e.inherited");
+
+			appendPQExpBufferStr(pq, ") AS exprs ");
+		}
+		else
+			appendPQExpBufferStr(pq, "NULL AS exprs ");
 
 		/* pg_stats_ext introduced in v12 */
 		if (fout->remoteVersion >= 120000)
@@ -18710,6 +18745,7 @@ dumpStatisticsExtStats(Archive *fout, const StatsExtInfo *statsextinfo)
 		int			i_mcv = PQfnumber(res, "most_common_vals");
 		int			i_mcf = PQfnumber(res, "most_common_freqs");
 		int			i_mcbf = PQfnumber(res, "most_common_base_freqs");
+		int			i_exprs = PQfnumber(res, "exprs");
 
 		for (int i = 0; i < nstats; i++)
 		{
@@ -18757,6 +18793,10 @@ dumpStatisticsExtStats(Archive *fout, const StatsExtInfo *statsextinfo)
 				appendNamedArgument(out, fout, "most_common_base_freqs", "double precision[]",
 									PQgetvalue(res, i, i_mcbf));
 
+			if (!PQgetisnull(res, i, i_exprs))
+				appendNamedArgument(out, fout, "exprs", "jsonb",
+									PQgetvalue(res, i, i_exprs));
+
 			appendPQExpBufferStr(out, "\n);\n");
 		}
 
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/stats_import.out b/src/test/regress/expected/stats_import.out
index 37131f9ceab..233c8f5ea0c 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/stats_import.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/stats_import.out
@@ -1761,8 +1761,8 @@ SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
   'statistics_name', 'test_stat_dependencies',
   'inherited', false,
   'n_distinct', '[{"attributes" : [1,3], "ndistinct" : 4}]'::pg_ndistinct);
-WARNING:  cannot specify parameter "n_distinct"
-HINT:  Extended statistics object "stats_import"."test_stat_dependencies" does not support statistics of this type.
+WARNING:  invalid statistics type for object
+HINT:  Extended statistics object "stats_import"."test_stat_dependencies" does not support statistics of type "n_distinct".
  pg_restore_extended_stats 
 ---------------------------
  f
@@ -1777,8 +1777,8 @@ SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
   'inherited', false,
   'dependencies', '[{"attributes": [2], "dependency": 3, "degree": 1.000000},
                     {"attributes": [3], "dependency": 2, "degree": 1.000000}]'::pg_dependencies);
-WARNING:  cannot specify parameter "dependencies"
-HINT:  Extended statistics object "stats_import"."test_stat_ndistinct" does not support statistics of this type.
+WARNING:  invalid statistics type for object
+HINT:  Extended statistics object "stats_import"."test_stat_ndistinct" does not support statistics of type "dependencies".
  pg_restore_extended_stats 
 ---------------------------
  f
@@ -1965,8 +1965,8 @@ SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
                         {two,"(2,2.2,TWO,02-02-2002,\"[true, 4, \"\"six\"\"]\")"}}'::text[],
   'most_common_freqs', '{0.25,0.25,0.25,0.25}'::double precision[],
   'most_common_base_freqs', '{0.0625,0.0625,0.0625,0.0625}'::double precision[]);
-WARNING:  cannot specify parameters "most_common_vals", "most_common_freqs" or "most_common_base_freqs"
-HINT:  Extended statistics object "stats_import"."test_stat_dependencies" does not support statistics of this type.
+WARNING:  invalid statistics type for object
+HINT:  Extended statistics object "stats_import"."test_stat_dependencies" does not support statistics of type "most_common_vals", "most_common_freqs", or "most_common_base_freqs".
  pg_restore_extended_stats 
 ---------------------------
  f
@@ -1981,7 +1981,8 @@ SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
   'inherited', false,
   'most_common_freqs', '{0.25,0.25,0.25,0.25}'::double precision[],
   'most_common_base_freqs', '{0.0625,0.0625,0.0625,0.0625}'::double precision[]);
-WARNING:  could not use "most_common_vals", "most_common_freqs" and "most_common_base_freqs": missing one or more parameters
+WARNING:  incomplete statistics for kind "mcv"
+HINT:  Extended statistics object "stats_import"."test_stat_mcv" missing one or more of "most_common_vals", "most_common_freqs" and "most_common_base_freqs"
  pg_restore_extended_stats 
 ---------------------------
  f
@@ -1998,7 +1999,8 @@ SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
                         {tre,"(3,3.3,TRE,03-03-2003,)"},
                         {two,"(2,2.2,TWO,02-02-2002,\"[true, 4, \"\"six\"\"]\")"}}'::text[],
   'most_common_base_freqs', '{0.0625,0.0625,0.0625,0.0625}'::double precision[]);
-WARNING:  could not use "most_common_vals", "most_common_freqs" and "most_common_base_freqs": missing one or more parameters
+WARNING:  incomplete statistics for kind "mcv"
+HINT:  Extended statistics object "stats_import"."test_stat_mcv" missing one or more of "most_common_vals", "most_common_freqs" and "most_common_base_freqs"
  pg_restore_extended_stats 
 ---------------------------
  f
@@ -2015,7 +2017,8 @@ SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
                         {tre,"(3,3.3,TRE,03-03-2003,)"},
                         {two,"(2,2.2,TWO,02-02-2002,\"[true, 4, \"\"six\"\"]\")"}}'::text[],
   'most_common_freqs', '{0.25,0.25,0.25,0.25}'::double precision[]);
-WARNING:  could not use "most_common_vals", "most_common_freqs" and "most_common_base_freqs": missing one or more parameters
+WARNING:  incomplete statistics for kind "mcv"
+HINT:  Extended statistics object "stats_import"."test_stat_mcv" missing one or more of "most_common_vals", "most_common_freqs" and "most_common_base_freqs"
  pg_restore_extended_stats 
 ---------------------------
  f
@@ -2155,8 +2158,8 @@ SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
                         {red,"{[11,13),[15,19),[20,30)}","{[11,13),[15,19),[20,30),[10000,10200)}"},
                         {red,"{[21,23),[25,29),[120,130)}","{[21,23),[25,29),[120,130),[10000,10200)}"}}'::text[],
   'most_common_freqs', '{0.3333333333333333,0.3333333333333333,0.3333333333333333}'::double precision[],
-  'most_common_base_freqs', '{0.1111111111111111,0.1111111111111111,0.1111111111111111}'::double precision[]
-);
+  'most_common_base_freqs', '{0.1111111111111111,0.1111111111111111,0.1111111111111111}'::double precision[],
+  'exprs', '[{ "avg_width": "60", "null_frac": "0", "n_distinct": "-1" }]'::jsonb);
  pg_restore_extended_stats 
 ---------------------------
  t
@@ -2191,6 +2194,705 @@ most_common_val_nulls  | {{f,f,f},{f,f,f},{f,f,f}}
 most_common_freqs      | {0.3333333333333333,0.3333333333333333,0.3333333333333333}
 most_common_base_freqs | {0.1111111111111111,0.1111111111111111,0.1111111111111111}
 
+SELECT e.expr, e.null_frac, e.avg_width, e.n_distinct, e.most_common_vals,
+       e.most_common_freqs, e.histogram_bounds, e.correlation,
+       e.most_common_elems, e.most_common_elem_freqs, e.elem_count_histogram
+FROM pg_stats_ext_exprs AS e
+WHERE e.statistics_schemaname = 'stats_import' AND
+    e.statistics_name = 'test_mr_stat' AND
+    e.inherited = false
+\gx
+-[ RECORD 1 ]----------+---------------------------------------------
+expr                   | (mrange + '{[10000,10200)}'::int4multirange)
+null_frac              | 0
+avg_width              | 60
+n_distinct             | -1
+most_common_vals       | 
+most_common_freqs      | 
+histogram_bounds       | 
+correlation            | 
+most_common_elems      | 
+most_common_elem_freqs | 
+elem_count_histogram   | 
+
+-- Incorrect extended stats kind, exprs not supported
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_ndistinct',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[ { "avg_width": "4" } ]'::jsonb);
+WARNING:  invalid statistics type for object
+HINT:  Extended statistics object "stats_import"."test_stat_ndistinct" does not support statistics of type "exprs".
+ pg_restore_extended_stats 
+---------------------------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+-- Invalid exprs, not array
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '{ "avg_width": "4", "null_frac": "0" }'::jsonb);
+WARNING:  malformed expressions "exprs": expected root level array
+ pg_restore_extended_stats 
+---------------------------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+-- exprs wrong number of exprs
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[ { "avg_width": "4" } ]'::jsonb);
+WARNING:  malformed expressions "exprs": expected array of 1, found 2
+ pg_restore_extended_stats 
+---------------------------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+-- exprs null_frac not a float
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[ { "null_frac": "BADNULLFRAC" },
+              { "null_frac": "0.25" } ]'::jsonb);
+WARNING:  could not parse expression element
+HINT:  Expression -1, element "null_frac", value "BADNULLFRAC": invalid type "float4"
+ pg_restore_extended_stats 
+---------------------------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+-- exprs avg_width not an integer
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[ { "avg_width": "BADAVGWIDTH" },
+              { "avg_width": "4" } ]'::jsonb);
+WARNING:  could not parse expression element
+HINT:  Expression -1, element "avg_width", value "BADAVGWIDTH": invalid type "int4"
+ pg_restore_extended_stats 
+---------------------------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+-- exprs n_dinstinct not a float
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[ { "n_distinct": "BADNDISTINCT" },
+              { "n_distinct": "-0.5" } ]'::jsonb);
+WARNING:  could not parse expression element
+HINT:  Expression -1, element "n_distinct", value "BADNDISTINCT": invalid type "float4"
+ pg_restore_extended_stats 
+---------------------------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+-- MCV not null, MCF null
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              { "most_common_vals": "{1}", "most_common_elems": null },
+              { "most_common_vals": "{2}", "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}" }
+          ]'::jsonb);
+WARNING:  inconsistent expression elements
+HINT:  Expression -1, element "most_common_vals" and "most_common_freqs" must be either both be strings or both be nulls.
+ pg_restore_extended_stats 
+---------------------------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+-- MCV not null, MCF missing
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              { "most_common_vals": "{1}" },
+              { "most_common_vals": "{2}", "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}" }
+          ]'::jsonb);
+WARNING:  inconsistent expression elements
+HINT:  Expression -1, element "most_common_vals" and "most_common_freqs" must be either both be strings or both be nulls.
+ pg_restore_extended_stats 
+---------------------------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+-- MCV null, MCF not null
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              { "most_common_vals": null, "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}" },
+              { "most_common_vals": "{2}", "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}" }
+          ]'::jsonb);
+WARNING:  inconsistent expression elements
+HINT:  Expression -1, element "most_common_vals" and "most_common_freqs" must be either both be strings or both be nulls.
+ pg_restore_extended_stats 
+---------------------------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+-- MCV missing, MCF not null
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              { "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}" },
+              { "most_common_vals": "{2}", "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}" }
+          ]'::jsonb);
+WARNING:  inconsistent expression elements
+HINT:  Expression -1, element "most_common_vals" and "most_common_freqs" must be either both be strings or both be nulls.
+ pg_restore_extended_stats 
+---------------------------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+-- exprs most_common_vals element wrong type
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              {
+                  "avg_width": "4",
+                  "null_frac": "0",
+                  "n_distinct": "-0.75",
+                  "correlation": "-0.6",
+                  "histogram_bounds": "{-1,0}",
+                  "most_common_vals": "{BADMCV}",
+                  "most_common_elems": null,
+                  "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}",
+                  "elem_count_histogram": null,
+                  "most_common_elem_freqs": null
+              },
+              {
+                  "avg_width": "4",
+                  "null_frac": "0.25",
+                  "n_distinct": "-0.5",
+                  "correlation": "1",
+                  "histogram_bounds": null,
+                  "most_common_vals": "{2}",
+                  "most_common_elems": null,
+                  "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}",
+                  "elem_count_histogram": null,
+                  "most_common_elem_freqs": null
+              }
+          ]'::jsonb);
+WARNING:  invalid input syntax for type integer: "BADMCV"
+ pg_restore_extended_stats 
+---------------------------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+-- exprs most_common_freqs element wrong type
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              { "most_common_vals": "{1}", "most_common_freqs": "{BADMCF}" },
+              { "most_common_vals": "{2}", "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}" }
+          ]'::jsonb);
+WARNING:  invalid input syntax for type real: "BADMCF"
+ pg_restore_extended_stats 
+---------------------------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+-- exprs histogram wrong type
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              { "histogram_bounds": "{BADHIST,0}" },
+              { "histogram_bounds": null }
+          ]'::jsonb);
+WARNING:  invalid input syntax for type integer: "BADHIST"
+ pg_restore_extended_stats 
+---------------------------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+-- exprs correlation wrong type
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[ { "correlation": "BADCORR" },
+              { "correlation": "1" }
+          ]'::jsonb);
+WARNING:  could not parse expression element
+HINT:  Expression -1, element "correlation", value "BADCORR": invalid type "float4"
+ pg_restore_extended_stats 
+---------------------------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+-- ok: exprs first null
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              null,
+              {
+                  "avg_width": "4",
+                  "null_frac": "0.25",
+                  "n_distinct": "-0.5",
+                  "correlation": "1",
+                  "histogram_bounds": null,
+                  "most_common_vals": "{2}",
+                  "most_common_elems": null,
+                  "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}",
+                  "elem_count_histogram": null,
+                  "most_common_elem_freqs": null
+              }
+          ]'::jsonb);
+ pg_restore_extended_stats 
+---------------------------
+ t
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT e.expr, e.null_frac, e.avg_width, e.n_distinct, e.most_common_vals,
+       e.most_common_freqs, e.histogram_bounds, e.correlation,
+       e.most_common_elems, e.most_common_elem_freqs, e.elem_count_histogram
+FROM pg_stats_ext_exprs AS e
+WHERE e.statistics_schemaname = 'stats_import' AND
+    e.statistics_name = 'test_stat_clone' AND
+    e.inherited = false
+\gx
+-[ RECORD 1 ]----------+----------------------
+expr                   | lower(arange)
+null_frac              | 
+avg_width              | 
+n_distinct             | 
+most_common_vals       | 
+most_common_freqs      | 
+histogram_bounds       | 
+correlation            | 
+most_common_elems      | 
+most_common_elem_freqs | 
+elem_count_histogram   | 
+-[ RECORD 2 ]----------+----------------------
+expr                   | array_length(tags, 1)
+null_frac              | 0.25
+avg_width              | 4
+n_distinct             | -0.5
+most_common_vals       | {2}
+most_common_freqs      | {0.5}
+histogram_bounds       | 
+correlation            | 1
+most_common_elems      | 
+most_common_elem_freqs | 
+elem_count_histogram   | 
+
+-- ok: exprs last null
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              {
+                  "avg_width": "4",
+                  "null_frac": "0",
+                  "n_distinct": "-0.75",
+                  "correlation": "-0.6",
+                  "histogram_bounds": "{-1,0}",
+                  "most_common_vals": "{1}",
+                  "most_common_elems": null,
+                  "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}",
+                  "elem_count_histogram": null,
+                  "most_common_elem_freqs": null
+              },
+              null
+          ]'::jsonb);
+ pg_restore_extended_stats 
+---------------------------
+ t
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT e.expr, e.null_frac, e.avg_width, e.n_distinct, e.most_common_vals,
+       e.most_common_freqs, e.histogram_bounds, e.correlation,
+       e.most_common_elems, e.most_common_elem_freqs, e.elem_count_histogram
+FROM pg_stats_ext_exprs AS e
+WHERE e.statistics_schemaname = 'stats_import' AND
+    e.statistics_name = 'test_stat_clone' AND
+    e.inherited = false
+\gx
+-[ RECORD 1 ]----------+----------------------
+expr                   | lower(arange)
+null_frac              | 0
+avg_width              | 4
+n_distinct             | -0.75
+most_common_vals       | {1}
+most_common_freqs      | {0.5}
+histogram_bounds       | {-1,0}
+correlation            | -0.6
+most_common_elems      | 
+most_common_elem_freqs | 
+elem_count_histogram   | 
+-[ RECORD 2 ]----------+----------------------
+expr                   | array_length(tags, 1)
+null_frac              | 
+avg_width              | 
+n_distinct             | 
+most_common_vals       | 
+most_common_freqs      | 
+histogram_bounds       | 
+correlation            | 
+most_common_elems      | 
+most_common_elem_freqs | 
+elem_count_histogram   | 
+
+-- ok: both exprs
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              {
+                  "avg_width": "4",
+                  "null_frac": "0",
+                  "n_distinct": "-0.75",
+                  "correlation": "-0.6",
+                  "histogram_bounds": "{-1,0}",
+                  "most_common_vals": "{1}",
+                  "most_common_elems": null,
+                  "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}",
+                  "elem_count_histogram": null,
+                  "most_common_elem_freqs": null
+              },
+              {
+                  "avg_width": "4",
+                  "null_frac": "0.25",
+                  "n_distinct": "-0.5",
+                  "correlation": "1",
+                  "histogram_bounds": null,
+                  "most_common_vals": "{2}",
+                  "most_common_elems": null,
+                  "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}",
+                  "elem_count_histogram": null,
+                  "most_common_elem_freqs": null
+              }
+          ]'::jsonb);
+ pg_restore_extended_stats 
+---------------------------
+ t
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT e.expr, e.null_frac, e.avg_width, e.n_distinct, e.most_common_vals,
+       e.most_common_freqs, e.histogram_bounds, e.correlation,
+       e.most_common_elems, e.most_common_elem_freqs, e.elem_count_histogram
+FROM pg_stats_ext_exprs AS e
+WHERE e.statistics_schemaname = 'stats_import' AND
+    e.statistics_name = 'test_stat_clone' AND
+    e.inherited = false
+\gx
+-[ RECORD 1 ]----------+----------------------
+expr                   | lower(arange)
+null_frac              | 0
+avg_width              | 4
+n_distinct             | -0.75
+most_common_vals       | {1}
+most_common_freqs      | {0.5}
+histogram_bounds       | {-1,0}
+correlation            | -0.6
+most_common_elems      | 
+most_common_elem_freqs | 
+elem_count_histogram   | 
+-[ RECORD 2 ]----------+----------------------
+expr                   | array_length(tags, 1)
+null_frac              | 0.25
+avg_width              | 4
+n_distinct             | -0.5
+most_common_vals       | {2}
+most_common_freqs      | {0.5}
+histogram_bounds       | 
+correlation            | 1
+most_common_elems      | 
+most_common_elem_freqs | 
+elem_count_histogram   | 
+
+-- A statistics object for testing MCELEM values in expressions
+CREATE STATISTICS stats_import.test_stat_mcelem
+  ON name, (ARRAY[(comp).a, lower(arange)])
+  FROM stats_import.test;
+-- MCEV not null, MCEF null
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_mcelem',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              {
+                  "most_common_elems": "{-1,0,1,2,3}",
+                  "most_common_elem_freqs": null
+              }
+            ]'::jsonb);
+WARNING:  inconsistent expression elements
+HINT:  Expression -1, element "most_common_elems" and "most_common_elem_freqs" must be either both be strings or both be nulls.
+ pg_restore_extended_stats 
+---------------------------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+-- MCEV not null, MCEF missing
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_mcelem',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              {
+                  "most_common_elems": "{-1,0,1,2,3}"
+              }
+            ]'::jsonb);
+WARNING:  inconsistent expression elements
+HINT:  Expression -1, element "most_common_elems" and "most_common_elem_freqs" must be either both be strings or both be nulls.
+ pg_restore_extended_stats 
+---------------------------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+-- MCEV null, MCEF not null
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_mcelem',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              {
+                  "most_common_elems": null,
+                  "most_common_elem_freqs": "{0.25,0.25,0.5,0.25,0.25,0.25,0.5,0.25}"
+              }
+            ]'::jsonb);
+WARNING:  inconsistent expression elements
+HINT:  Expression -1, element "most_common_elems" and "most_common_elem_freqs" must be either both be strings or both be nulls.
+ pg_restore_extended_stats 
+---------------------------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+-- MCEV missing, MCEF not null
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_mcelem',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              {
+                  "most_common_elem_freqs": "{0.25,0.25,0.5,0.25,0.25,0.25,0.5,0.25}"
+              }
+            ]'::jsonb);
+WARNING:  inconsistent expression elements
+HINT:  Expression -1, element "most_common_elems" and "most_common_elem_freqs" must be either both be strings or both be nulls.
+ pg_restore_extended_stats 
+---------------------------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+-- exprs most_common_elems element wrong type
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_mcelem',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              {
+                  "most_common_elems": "{-1,BADELEM,1,2,3}",
+                  "most_common_elem_freqs": "{0.25,0.25,0.5,0.25,0.25,0.25,0.5,0.25}"
+              }
+            ]'::jsonb);
+WARNING:  invalid input syntax for type integer: "BADELEM"
+ pg_restore_extended_stats 
+---------------------------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+-- exprs most_common_elem_freqs element wrong type
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_mcelem',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              {
+                  "most_common_elems": "{-1,0,1,2,3}",
+                  "most_common_elem_freqs": "{BADELEMFREQ,0.25,0.5,0.25,0.25,0.25,0.5,0.25}"
+              }
+            ]'::jsonb);
+WARNING:  invalid input syntax for type real: "BADELEMFREQ"
+ pg_restore_extended_stats 
+---------------------------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+-- exprs histogram bounds element wrong type
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_mcelem',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              {
+                  "elem_count_histogram": "{BADELEMHIST,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,1.5}"
+              }
+            ]'::jsonb);
+WARNING:  invalid input syntax for type real: "BADELEMHIST"
+ pg_restore_extended_stats 
+---------------------------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+-- ok: exprs mcelem
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_mcelem',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              {
+                  "avg_width": "33",
+                  "null_frac": "0",
+                  "n_distinct": "-1",
+                  "correlation": "1",
+                  "histogram_bounds": "{\"{1,1}\",\"{2,1}\",\"{3,-1}\",\"{NULL,0}\"}",
+                  "most_common_vals": null,
+                  "most_common_elems": "{-1,0,1,2,3}",
+                  "most_common_freqs": null,
+                  "elem_count_histogram": "{1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,1.5}",
+                  "most_common_elem_freqs": "{0.25,0.25,0.5,0.25,0.25,0.25,0.5,0.25}"
+              }
+            ]'::jsonb);
+ pg_restore_extended_stats 
+---------------------------
+ t
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT e.expr, e.null_frac, e.avg_width, e.n_distinct, e.most_common_vals,
+       e.most_common_freqs, e.histogram_bounds, e.correlation,
+       e.most_common_elems, e.most_common_elem_freqs, e.elem_count_histogram
+FROM pg_stats_ext_exprs AS e
+WHERE e.statistics_schemaname = 'stats_import' AND
+    e.statistics_name = 'test_stat_mcelem' AND
+    e.inherited = false
+\gx
+-[ RECORD 1 ]----------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+expr                   | ARRAY[(comp).a, lower(arange)]
+null_frac              | 0
+avg_width              | 33
+n_distinct             | -1
+most_common_vals       | 
+most_common_freqs      | 
+histogram_bounds       | {"{1,1}","{2,1}","{3,-1}","{NULL,0}"}
+correlation            | 1
+most_common_elems      | {-1,0,1,2,3}
+most_common_elem_freqs | {0.25,0.25,0.5,0.25,0.25,0.25,0.5,0.25}
+elem_count_histogram   | {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,1.5}
+
+-- ok, with warning: extra exprs param
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_mcelem',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              {
+                  "avg_width": "33",
+                  "null_frac": "0",
+                  "n_distinct": "-1",
+                  "correlation": "1",
+                  "histogram_bounds": "{\"{1,1}\",\"{2,1}\",\"{3,-1}\",\"{NULL,0}\"}",
+                  "most_common_vals": null,
+                  "most_common_elems": "{-1,0,1,2,3}",
+                  "most_common_freqs": null,
+                  "elem_count_histogram": "{1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,1.5}",
+                  "most_common_elem_freqs": "{0.25,0.25,0.5,0.25,0.25,0.25,0.5,0.25}",
+                  "bad_param": "text no one will ever parse"
+              }
+            ]'::jsonb);
+WARNING:  malformed expr expression: "bad_param": is not an expression key name, value ignored
+ pg_restore_extended_stats 
+---------------------------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT e.expr, e.null_frac, e.avg_width, e.n_distinct, e.most_common_vals,
+       e.most_common_freqs, e.histogram_bounds, e.correlation,
+       e.most_common_elems, e.most_common_elem_freqs, e.elem_count_histogram
+FROM pg_stats_ext_exprs AS e
+WHERE e.statistics_schemaname = 'stats_import' AND
+    e.statistics_name = 'test_stat_mcelem' AND
+    e.inherited = false
+\gx
+-[ RECORD 1 ]----------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+expr                   | ARRAY[(comp).a, lower(arange)]
+null_frac              | 0
+avg_width              | 33
+n_distinct             | -1
+most_common_vals       | 
+most_common_freqs      | 
+histogram_bounds       | {"{1,1}","{2,1}","{3,-1}","{NULL,0}"}
+correlation            | 1
+most_common_elems      | {-1,0,1,2,3}
+most_common_elem_freqs | {0.25,0.25,0.5,0.25,0.25,0.25,0.5,0.25}
+elem_count_histogram   | {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,1.5}
+
 -- Test the ability of pg_restore_extended_stats() to import all of the
 -- statistic values from an extended statistic object that has been
 -- populated via a regular ANALYZE.  This checks after the statistics
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/stats_import.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/stats_import.sql
index 8db7cd93b88..963345b6cbf 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/stats_import.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/stats_import.sql
@@ -1543,8 +1543,8 @@ SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
                         {red,"{[11,13),[15,19),[20,30)}","{[11,13),[15,19),[20,30),[10000,10200)}"},
                         {red,"{[21,23),[25,29),[120,130)}","{[21,23),[25,29),[120,130),[10000,10200)}"}}'::text[],
   'most_common_freqs', '{0.3333333333333333,0.3333333333333333,0.3333333333333333}'::double precision[],
-  'most_common_base_freqs', '{0.1111111111111111,0.1111111111111111,0.1111111111111111}'::double precision[]
-);
+  'most_common_base_freqs', '{0.1111111111111111,0.1111111111111111,0.1111111111111111}'::double precision[],
+  'exprs', '[{ "avg_width": "60", "null_frac": "0", "n_distinct": "-1" }]'::jsonb);
 
 SELECT replace(e.n_distinct,   '}, ', E'},\n') AS n_distinct,
        replace(e.dependencies, '}, ', E'},\n') AS dependencies,
@@ -1557,6 +1557,436 @@ WHERE e.statistics_schemaname = 'stats_import' AND
     e.inherited = false
 \gx
 
+SELECT e.expr, e.null_frac, e.avg_width, e.n_distinct, e.most_common_vals,
+       e.most_common_freqs, e.histogram_bounds, e.correlation,
+       e.most_common_elems, e.most_common_elem_freqs, e.elem_count_histogram
+FROM pg_stats_ext_exprs AS e
+WHERE e.statistics_schemaname = 'stats_import' AND
+    e.statistics_name = 'test_mr_stat' AND
+    e.inherited = false
+\gx
+
+-- Incorrect extended stats kind, exprs not supported
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_ndistinct',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[ { "avg_width": "4" } ]'::jsonb);
+
+-- Invalid exprs, not array
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '{ "avg_width": "4", "null_frac": "0" }'::jsonb);
+-- exprs wrong number of exprs
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[ { "avg_width": "4" } ]'::jsonb);
+-- exprs null_frac not a float
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[ { "null_frac": "BADNULLFRAC" },
+              { "null_frac": "0.25" } ]'::jsonb);
+-- exprs avg_width not an integer
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[ { "avg_width": "BADAVGWIDTH" },
+              { "avg_width": "4" } ]'::jsonb);
+-- exprs n_dinstinct not a float
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[ { "n_distinct": "BADNDISTINCT" },
+              { "n_distinct": "-0.5" } ]'::jsonb);
+-- MCV not null, MCF null
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              { "most_common_vals": "{1}", "most_common_elems": null },
+              { "most_common_vals": "{2}", "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}" }
+          ]'::jsonb);
+-- MCV not null, MCF missing
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              { "most_common_vals": "{1}" },
+              { "most_common_vals": "{2}", "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}" }
+          ]'::jsonb);
+-- MCV null, MCF not null
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              { "most_common_vals": null, "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}" },
+              { "most_common_vals": "{2}", "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}" }
+          ]'::jsonb);
+-- MCV missing, MCF not null
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              { "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}" },
+              { "most_common_vals": "{2}", "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}" }
+          ]'::jsonb);
+-- exprs most_common_vals element wrong type
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              {
+                  "avg_width": "4",
+                  "null_frac": "0",
+                  "n_distinct": "-0.75",
+                  "correlation": "-0.6",
+                  "histogram_bounds": "{-1,0}",
+                  "most_common_vals": "{BADMCV}",
+                  "most_common_elems": null,
+                  "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}",
+                  "elem_count_histogram": null,
+                  "most_common_elem_freqs": null
+              },
+              {
+                  "avg_width": "4",
+                  "null_frac": "0.25",
+                  "n_distinct": "-0.5",
+                  "correlation": "1",
+                  "histogram_bounds": null,
+                  "most_common_vals": "{2}",
+                  "most_common_elems": null,
+                  "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}",
+                  "elem_count_histogram": null,
+                  "most_common_elem_freqs": null
+              }
+          ]'::jsonb);
+-- exprs most_common_freqs element wrong type
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              { "most_common_vals": "{1}", "most_common_freqs": "{BADMCF}" },
+              { "most_common_vals": "{2}", "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}" }
+          ]'::jsonb);
+-- exprs histogram wrong type
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              { "histogram_bounds": "{BADHIST,0}" },
+              { "histogram_bounds": null }
+          ]'::jsonb);
+-- exprs correlation wrong type
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[ { "correlation": "BADCORR" },
+              { "correlation": "1" }
+          ]'::jsonb);
+-- ok: exprs first null
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              null,
+              {
+                  "avg_width": "4",
+                  "null_frac": "0.25",
+                  "n_distinct": "-0.5",
+                  "correlation": "1",
+                  "histogram_bounds": null,
+                  "most_common_vals": "{2}",
+                  "most_common_elems": null,
+                  "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}",
+                  "elem_count_histogram": null,
+                  "most_common_elem_freqs": null
+              }
+          ]'::jsonb);
+
+SELECT e.expr, e.null_frac, e.avg_width, e.n_distinct, e.most_common_vals,
+       e.most_common_freqs, e.histogram_bounds, e.correlation,
+       e.most_common_elems, e.most_common_elem_freqs, e.elem_count_histogram
+FROM pg_stats_ext_exprs AS e
+WHERE e.statistics_schemaname = 'stats_import' AND
+    e.statistics_name = 'test_stat_clone' AND
+    e.inherited = false
+\gx
+-- ok: exprs last null
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              {
+                  "avg_width": "4",
+                  "null_frac": "0",
+                  "n_distinct": "-0.75",
+                  "correlation": "-0.6",
+                  "histogram_bounds": "{-1,0}",
+                  "most_common_vals": "{1}",
+                  "most_common_elems": null,
+                  "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}",
+                  "elem_count_histogram": null,
+                  "most_common_elem_freqs": null
+              },
+              null
+          ]'::jsonb);
+
+SELECT e.expr, e.null_frac, e.avg_width, e.n_distinct, e.most_common_vals,
+       e.most_common_freqs, e.histogram_bounds, e.correlation,
+       e.most_common_elems, e.most_common_elem_freqs, e.elem_count_histogram
+FROM pg_stats_ext_exprs AS e
+WHERE e.statistics_schemaname = 'stats_import' AND
+    e.statistics_name = 'test_stat_clone' AND
+    e.inherited = false
+\gx
+-- ok: both exprs
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test_clone',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_clone',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              {
+                  "avg_width": "4",
+                  "null_frac": "0",
+                  "n_distinct": "-0.75",
+                  "correlation": "-0.6",
+                  "histogram_bounds": "{-1,0}",
+                  "most_common_vals": "{1}",
+                  "most_common_elems": null,
+                  "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}",
+                  "elem_count_histogram": null,
+                  "most_common_elem_freqs": null
+              },
+              {
+                  "avg_width": "4",
+                  "null_frac": "0.25",
+                  "n_distinct": "-0.5",
+                  "correlation": "1",
+                  "histogram_bounds": null,
+                  "most_common_vals": "{2}",
+                  "most_common_elems": null,
+                  "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}",
+                  "elem_count_histogram": null,
+                  "most_common_elem_freqs": null
+              }
+          ]'::jsonb);
+SELECT e.expr, e.null_frac, e.avg_width, e.n_distinct, e.most_common_vals,
+       e.most_common_freqs, e.histogram_bounds, e.correlation,
+       e.most_common_elems, e.most_common_elem_freqs, e.elem_count_histogram
+FROM pg_stats_ext_exprs AS e
+WHERE e.statistics_schemaname = 'stats_import' AND
+    e.statistics_name = 'test_stat_clone' AND
+    e.inherited = false
+\gx
+
+-- A statistics object for testing MCELEM values in expressions
+CREATE STATISTICS stats_import.test_stat_mcelem
+  ON name, (ARRAY[(comp).a, lower(arange)])
+  FROM stats_import.test;
+
+-- MCEV not null, MCEF null
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_mcelem',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              {
+                  "most_common_elems": "{-1,0,1,2,3}",
+                  "most_common_elem_freqs": null
+              }
+            ]'::jsonb);
+-- MCEV not null, MCEF missing
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_mcelem',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              {
+                  "most_common_elems": "{-1,0,1,2,3}"
+              }
+            ]'::jsonb);
+-- MCEV null, MCEF not null
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_mcelem',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              {
+                  "most_common_elems": null,
+                  "most_common_elem_freqs": "{0.25,0.25,0.5,0.25,0.25,0.25,0.5,0.25}"
+              }
+            ]'::jsonb);
+-- MCEV missing, MCEF not null
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_mcelem',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              {
+                  "most_common_elem_freqs": "{0.25,0.25,0.5,0.25,0.25,0.25,0.5,0.25}"
+              }
+            ]'::jsonb);
+-- exprs most_common_elems element wrong type
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_mcelem',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              {
+                  "most_common_elems": "{-1,BADELEM,1,2,3}",
+                  "most_common_elem_freqs": "{0.25,0.25,0.5,0.25,0.25,0.25,0.5,0.25}"
+              }
+            ]'::jsonb);
+-- exprs most_common_elem_freqs element wrong type
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_mcelem',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              {
+                  "most_common_elems": "{-1,0,1,2,3}",
+                  "most_common_elem_freqs": "{BADELEMFREQ,0.25,0.5,0.25,0.25,0.25,0.5,0.25}"
+              }
+            ]'::jsonb);
+-- exprs histogram bounds element wrong type
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_mcelem',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              {
+                  "elem_count_histogram": "{BADELEMHIST,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,1.5}"
+              }
+            ]'::jsonb);
+-- ok: exprs mcelem
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_mcelem',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              {
+                  "avg_width": "33",
+                  "null_frac": "0",
+                  "n_distinct": "-1",
+                  "correlation": "1",
+                  "histogram_bounds": "{\"{1,1}\",\"{2,1}\",\"{3,-1}\",\"{NULL,0}\"}",
+                  "most_common_vals": null,
+                  "most_common_elems": "{-1,0,1,2,3}",
+                  "most_common_freqs": null,
+                  "elem_count_histogram": "{1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,1.5}",
+                  "most_common_elem_freqs": "{0.25,0.25,0.5,0.25,0.25,0.25,0.5,0.25}"
+              }
+            ]'::jsonb);
+
+SELECT e.expr, e.null_frac, e.avg_width, e.n_distinct, e.most_common_vals,
+       e.most_common_freqs, e.histogram_bounds, e.correlation,
+       e.most_common_elems, e.most_common_elem_freqs, e.elem_count_histogram
+FROM pg_stats_ext_exprs AS e
+WHERE e.statistics_schemaname = 'stats_import' AND
+    e.statistics_name = 'test_stat_mcelem' AND
+    e.inherited = false
+\gx
+
+-- ok, with warning: extra exprs param
+SELECT pg_catalog.pg_restore_extended_stats(
+  'schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'relname', 'test',
+  'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_import',
+  'statistics_name', 'test_stat_mcelem',
+  'inherited', false,
+  'exprs', '[
+              {
+                  "avg_width": "33",
+                  "null_frac": "0",
+                  "n_distinct": "-1",
+                  "correlation": "1",
+                  "histogram_bounds": "{\"{1,1}\",\"{2,1}\",\"{3,-1}\",\"{NULL,0}\"}",
+                  "most_common_vals": null,
+                  "most_common_elems": "{-1,0,1,2,3}",
+                  "most_common_freqs": null,
+                  "elem_count_histogram": "{1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,1.5}",
+                  "most_common_elem_freqs": "{0.25,0.25,0.5,0.25,0.25,0.25,0.5,0.25}",
+                  "bad_param": "text no one will ever parse"
+              }
+            ]'::jsonb);
+
+SELECT e.expr, e.null_frac, e.avg_width, e.n_distinct, e.most_common_vals,
+       e.most_common_freqs, e.histogram_bounds, e.correlation,
+       e.most_common_elems, e.most_common_elem_freqs, e.elem_count_histogram
+FROM pg_stats_ext_exprs AS e
+WHERE e.statistics_schemaname = 'stats_import' AND
+    e.statistics_name = 'test_stat_mcelem' AND
+    e.inherited = false
+\gx
+
 -- Test the ability of pg_restore_extended_stats() to import all of the
 -- statistic values from an extended statistic object that has been
 -- populated via a regular ANALYZE.  This checks after the statistics
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/func/func-admin.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/func/func-admin.sgml
index 3ac81905d1f..e06d4a00e4e 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/func/func-admin.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/func/func-admin.sgml
@@ -2198,12 +2198,39 @@ SELECT pg_restore_attribute_stats(
          <structname>myschema.mystatsobj</structname>:
 <programlisting>
  SELECT pg_restore_extended_stats(
-    'schemaname',            'tab_schema'::name,
-    'relname',               'tab_name'::name,
-    'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_schema'::name,
-    'statistics_name',       'stats_name'::name,
+    'schemaname',            'tab_schema',
+    'relname',               'tab_name',
+    'statistics_schemaname', 'stats_schema',
+    'statistics_name',       'stats_name',
     'inherited',             false,
     'n_distinct',            '[{"attributes" : [2,3], "ndistinct" : 4}]'::pg_ndistinct);
+    'dependencies',          '{"2 => 1": 1.000000, "2 => -1": 1.000000, "2 => -2": 1.000000}'::pg_dependencies,
+    'exprs',                 '[
+                               {
+                                   "avg_width": "4",
+                                   "null_frac": "0.5",
+                                   "n_distinct": "-0.75",
+                                   "correlation": "-0.6",
+                                   "histogram_bounds": "{-1,0}",
+                                   "most_common_vals": "{1}",
+                                   "most_common_elems": null,
+                                   "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}",
+                                   "elem_count_histogram": null,
+                                   "most_common_elem_freqs": null
+                               },
+                               {
+                                   "avg_width": "4",
+                                   "null_frac": "0.25",
+                                   "n_distinct": "-0.5",
+                                   "correlation": "1",
+                                   "histogram_bounds": null,
+                                   "most_common_vals": "{2}",
+                                   "most_common_elems": null,
+                                   "most_common_freqs": "{0.5}",
+                                   "elem_count_histogram": null,
+                                   "most_common_elem_freqs": null
+                               }
+                              ]'::jsonb);
 </programlisting>
         </para>
         <para>
@@ -2226,6 +2253,13 @@ SELECT pg_restore_attribute_stats(
          <literal>dependencies</literal>, <literal>most_common_vals</literal>,
          <literal>most_common_freqs</literal>,
          and <literal>most_common_base_freqs</literal>.
+         To accept statistics for any expressions in the extended
+         statistics object, the parameter <literal>exprs</literal> with a type
+         <type>text[]</type> is available, the array must be two dimensional with
+         an outer array in length equal to the number of expressions in the object,
+         and the inner array elements for each of the statistical columns in
+         <link linkend="view-pg-stats-ext-exprs"><structname>pg_stats_ext_exprs</structname></link>,
+         some of which are themselves arrays.
         </para>
         <para>
          Additionally, this function accepts argument name

base-commit: 4cfce4e62c8f09f5b1f6a7f69760ca46a74406e2
-- 
2.52.0

From 5a8afc8271195af31df079e52138d2dc247ec8ee Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Corey Huinker <[email protected]>
Date: Wed, 4 Feb 2026 05:24:50 -0500
Subject: [PATCH v5 2/2] FAILED WIP: errcontext()

This doesn't actually work because errsave_finish() only calls
errfinish(), where the context stack is walked, if elevel >= ERROR.
---
 src/backend/statistics/extended_stats_funcs.c | 88 ++++++++++++++++---
 1 file changed, 74 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/backend/statistics/extended_stats_funcs.c b/src/backend/statistics/extended_stats_funcs.c
index 2771ec2d8cb..cdad61e1dc5 100644
--- a/src/backend/statistics/extended_stats_funcs.c
+++ b/src/backend/statistics/extended_stats_funcs.c
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+/*------------------------------------------------------------------------
  *
  * extended_stats_funcs.c
  *	  Functions for manipulating extended statistics.
@@ -134,6 +134,15 @@ typedef struct
 	bool		expressions;
 } StakindFlags;
 
+/*
+ *
+ */
+typedef struct
+{
+	AttrNumber	exprnum;
+	const char *element_name;
+}			ImportErrorExprContextArg;
+
 static void expand_stxkind(HeapTuple tup, StakindFlags *enabled);
 static void upsert_pg_statistic_ext_data(const Datum *values,
 										 const bool *nulls,
@@ -144,7 +153,7 @@ static bool check_mcvlist_array(const ArrayType *arr, int argindex,
 static Datum import_expressions(Relation pgsd, int numexprs,
 								Oid *atttypids, int32 *atttypmods,
 								Oid *atttypcolls, Jsonb *exprs_jsonb,
-								bool *ok);
+								bool *exprs_is_perfect);
 static Datum import_mcv(const ArrayType *mcv_arr,
 						const ArrayType *freqs_arr,
 						const ArrayType *base_freqs_arr,
@@ -871,6 +880,23 @@ mcv_error:
 	return mcv;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Callback for ImportErrorExprContext.
+ */
+static void
+import_error_expr_context_callback(void *arg)
+{
+	ImportErrorExprContextArg *ctx = arg;
+
+	errcontext("Expression Number %d", ctx->exprnum);
+
+	/*
+	 * if (ctx->element_name != NULL) errcontext("Expression Number %d,
+	 * element \"%s\"", ctx->exprnum, ctx->element_name); else
+	 * errcontext("Expression Number %d", ctx->exprnum);
+	 */
+}
+
 /*
  * Check if a given unterminated string is found in the list of expression argnames.
  */
@@ -998,9 +1024,8 @@ jbv_to_infunc_datum(JsonbValue *jval, PGFunction func, AttrNumber exprnum,
 	if (!ok)
 		ereport(WARNING,
 				errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
-				errmsg("could not parse expression element"),
-				errhint("Expression %d, element \"%s\", value \"%s\": invalid type \"%s\"",
-						exprnum, argname, s, argtype));
+				errmsg("could not parse expression \"%s\" as type \"%s\"",
+					   s, argtype));
 
 	pfree(s);
 	return ok;
@@ -1031,8 +1056,21 @@ import_pg_statistic(Relation pgsd, JsonbContainer *cont,
 	bool		found[NUM_ATTRIBUTE_STATS_ELEMS] = {0};
 	JsonbValue	val[NUM_ATTRIBUTE_STATS_ELEMS] = {0};
 
+	ImportErrorExprContextArg errctx_args = {
+		.exprnum = exprnum,
+		.element_name = NULL
+	};
+
+	ErrorContextCallback err_context = {
+		.callback = import_error_expr_context_callback,
+		.arg = &errctx_args,
+		.previous = error_context_stack
+	};
+
 	Assert(JsonContainerIsObject(cont));
 
+	error_context_stack = &err_context;
+
 	*row_is_perfect = true;
 
 	/*
@@ -1056,16 +1094,18 @@ import_pg_statistic(Relation pgsd, JsonbContainer *cont,
 			case jbvNull:
 				break;
 			default:
+				errctx_args.element_name = s;
 				ereport(WARNING,
 						errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
-						errmsg("invalid expression element"),
-						errhint("Expression %d, element \"%s\" must be type null or string",
-								exprnum, s));
+						errmsg("invalid expression element,"),
+						errhint("Must be type null or string"));
 				found[i] = false;
 				*row_is_perfect = false;
 		}
 	}
 
+	errctx_args.element_name = NULL;
+
 	/*
 	 * Look for invalid keys, warn on the first one found, but do not abandon
 	 * the tuple.
@@ -1084,8 +1124,8 @@ import_pg_statistic(Relation pgsd, JsonbContainer *cont,
 		ereport(WARNING,
 				errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
 				errmsg("inconsistent expression elements"),
-				errhint("Expression %d, element \"%s\" and \"%s\" must be either both be strings or both be nulls.",
-						exprnum, extexprargname[MOST_COMMON_VALS_ELEM],
+				errhint("Elements \"%s\" and \"%s\" must be either both be strings or both be nulls.",
+						extexprargname[MOST_COMMON_VALS_ELEM],
 						extexprargname[MOST_COMMON_FREQS_ELEM]));
 		found[MOST_COMMON_VALS_ELEM] = false;
 		found[MOST_COMMON_FREQS_ELEM] = false;
@@ -1096,8 +1136,8 @@ import_pg_statistic(Relation pgsd, JsonbContainer *cont,
 		ereport(WARNING,
 				errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
 				errmsg("inconsistent expression elements"),
-				errhint("Expression %d, element \"%s\" and \"%s\" must be either both be strings or both be nulls.",
-						exprnum, extexprargname[MOST_COMMON_ELEMS_ELEM],
+				errhint("Element \"%s\" and \"%s\" must be either both be strings or both be nulls.",
+						extexprargname[MOST_COMMON_ELEMS_ELEM],
 						extexprargname[MOST_COMMON_ELEM_FREQS_ELEM]));
 		found[MOST_COMMON_ELEMS_ELEM] = false;
 		found[MOST_COMMON_ELEM_FREQS_ELEM] = false;
@@ -1134,8 +1174,7 @@ import_pg_statistic(Relation pgsd, JsonbContainer *cont,
 		{
 			ereport(WARNING,
 					errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
-					errmsg("could not determine element type of expression"),
-					errhint("Expression %d", exprnum));
+					errmsg("could not determine element type of expression"));
 
 			/* Must disable both */
 			found[MOST_COMMON_ELEMS_ELEM] = false;
@@ -1149,12 +1188,14 @@ import_pg_statistic(Relation pgsd, JsonbContainer *cont,
 	{
 		Datum		datum;
 
+		errctx_args.element_name = extexprargname[NULL_FRAC_ELEM];
 		if (jbv_to_infunc_datum(&val[NULL_FRAC_ELEM], float4in, exprnum,
 								extexprargname[NULL_FRAC_ELEM], "float4",
 								&datum))
 			values[Anum_pg_statistic_stanullfrac - 1] = datum;
 		else
 			*row_is_perfect = false;
+		errctx_args.element_name = NULL;
 	}
 
 	/* avg_width */
@@ -1162,12 +1203,14 @@ import_pg_statistic(Relation pgsd, JsonbContainer *cont,
 	{
 		Datum		datum;
 
+		errctx_args.element_name = extexprargname[AVG_WIDTH_ELEM];
 		if (jbv_to_infunc_datum(&val[AVG_WIDTH_ELEM], int4in, exprnum,
 								extexprargname[AVG_WIDTH_ELEM], "int4",
 								&datum))
 			values[Anum_pg_statistic_stawidth - 1] = datum;
 		else
 			*row_is_perfect = false;
+		errctx_args.element_name = NULL;
 	}
 
 	/* n_distinct */
@@ -1175,12 +1218,14 @@ import_pg_statistic(Relation pgsd, JsonbContainer *cont,
 	{
 		Datum		datum;
 
+		errctx_args.element_name = extexprargname[N_DISTINCT_ELEM];
 		if (jbv_to_infunc_datum(&val[N_DISTINCT_ELEM], float4in, exprnum,
 								extexprargname[N_DISTINCT_ELEM], "float4",
 								&datum))
 			values[Anum_pg_statistic_stadistinct - 1] = datum;
 		else
 			*row_is_perfect = false;
+		errctx_args.element_name = NULL;
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -1208,17 +1253,20 @@ import_pg_statistic(Relation pgsd, JsonbContainer *cont,
 		bool		val_ok = false;
 		bool		num_ok = false;
 
+		errctx_args.element_name = extexprargname[MOST_COMMON_VALS_ELEM];
 		scratch = jbv_string_get_text_datum(&val[MOST_COMMON_VALS_ELEM]);
 		stavalues = statatt_build_stavalues(extexprargname[MOST_COMMON_VALS_ELEM],
 											array_in_fn, scratch,
 											typid, typmod, &val_ok);
 		pfree((void *) scratch);
 
+		errctx_args.element_name = extexprargname[MOST_COMMON_FREQS_ELEM];
 		scratch = jbv_string_get_text_datum(&val[MOST_COMMON_FREQS_ELEM]);
 		stanumbers = statatt_build_stavalues(extexprargname[MOST_COMMON_FREQS_ELEM],
 											 array_in_fn, scratch,
 											 FLOAT4OID, -1, &num_ok);
 		pfree((void *) scratch);
+		errctx_args.element_name = NULL;
 
 		/* Only set the slot if both datums built */
 		if (val_ok && num_ok)
@@ -1237,6 +1285,7 @@ import_pg_statistic(Relation pgsd, JsonbContainer *cont,
 		bool		val_ok = false;
 		Datum		scratch;
 
+		errctx_args.element_name = extexprargname[HISTOGRAM_BOUNDS_ELEM];
 		scratch = jbv_string_get_text_datum(&val[HISTOGRAM_BOUNDS_ELEM]);
 		stavalues = statatt_build_stavalues(extexprargname[HISTOGRAM_BOUNDS_ELEM],
 											array_in_fn, scratch,
@@ -1250,6 +1299,7 @@ import_pg_statistic(Relation pgsd, JsonbContainer *cont,
 							 0, true, stavalues, false);
 		else
 			*row_is_perfect = false;
+		errctx_args.element_name = NULL;
 	}
 
 	/* STATISTIC_KIND_CORRELATION */
@@ -1257,6 +1307,7 @@ import_pg_statistic(Relation pgsd, JsonbContainer *cont,
 	{
 		Datum		corr[] = {(Datum) 0};
 
+		errctx_args.element_name = extexprargname[CORRELATION_ELEM];
 		if (jbv_to_infunc_datum(&val[CORRELATION_ELEM], float4in, exprnum,
 								extexprargname[CORRELATION_ELEM], "float4",
 								&corr[0]))
@@ -1271,6 +1322,7 @@ import_pg_statistic(Relation pgsd, JsonbContainer *cont,
 		}
 		else
 			*row_is_perfect = false;
+		errctx_args.element_name = NULL;
 	}
 
 	/* STATISTIC_KIND_MCELEM */
@@ -1282,17 +1334,20 @@ import_pg_statistic(Relation pgsd, JsonbContainer *cont,
 		bool		val_ok = false;
 		bool		num_ok = false;
 
+		errctx_args.element_name = extexprargname[MOST_COMMON_ELEMS_ELEM];
 		scratch = jbv_string_get_text_datum(&val[MOST_COMMON_ELEMS_ELEM]);
 		stavalues = statatt_build_stavalues(extexprargname[MOST_COMMON_ELEMS_ELEM],
 											array_in_fn, scratch,
 											elemtypid, typmod, &val_ok);
 		pfree((void *) scratch);
 
+		errctx_args.element_name = extexprargname[MOST_COMMON_ELEM_FREQS_ELEM];
 		scratch = jbv_string_get_text_datum(&val[MOST_COMMON_ELEM_FREQS_ELEM]);
 		stanumbers = statatt_build_stavalues(extexprargname[MOST_COMMON_ELEM_FREQS_ELEM],
 											 array_in_fn, scratch,
 											 FLOAT4OID, -1, &num_ok);
 		pfree((void *) scratch);
+		errctx_args.element_name = NULL;
 
 		/* Only set the slot if both datums built */
 		if (val_ok && num_ok)
@@ -1311,6 +1366,7 @@ import_pg_statistic(Relation pgsd, JsonbContainer *cont,
 		Datum		stanumbers;
 		bool		num_ok = false;
 
+		errctx_args.element_name = extexprargname[ELEM_COUNT_HISTOGRAM_ELEM];
 		scratch = jbv_string_get_text_datum(&val[ELEM_COUNT_HISTOGRAM_ELEM]);
 		stanumbers = statatt_build_stavalues(extexprargname[ELEM_COUNT_HISTOGRAM_ELEM],
 											 array_in_fn, scratch,
@@ -1323,6 +1379,7 @@ import_pg_statistic(Relation pgsd, JsonbContainer *cont,
 							 elemeqopr, typcoll, stanumbers, false, 0, true);
 		else
 			*row_is_perfect = false;
+		errctx_args.element_name = NULL;
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -1335,6 +1392,9 @@ import_pg_statistic(Relation pgsd, JsonbContainer *cont,
 
 	pfree(pgstup);
 
+	Assert(error_context_stack == &err_context);
+	error_context_stack = err_context.previous;
+
 	return pgstdat;
 }
 
-- 
2.52.0

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