On Sat, Oct 10, 2015 at 4:20 AM, Robert Haas <robertmh...@gmail.com> wrote:
> On Thu, Oct 8, 2015 at 1:52 PM, Andres Freund <and...@anarazel.de> wrote:
>> I don't see the problem? I mean catversion will reliably tell you which
>> format the vm is in?
>
> Totally agreed.
>
>> We could additionally use the opportunity to as a metapage, but that seems
>> like an independent thing.
>
> I agree with that, too.
>
Attached the updated v18 patch fixes some bugs.
Please review the patch.
Regards,
--
Masahiko Sawada
diff --git a/contrib/pgstattuple/pgstatapprox.c b/contrib/pgstattuple/pgstatapprox.c
index 22c5f7a..b1b6a06 100644
--- a/contrib/pgstattuple/pgstatapprox.c
+++ b/contrib/pgstattuple/pgstatapprox.c
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ statapprox_heap(Relation rel, output_type *stat)
* If the page has only visible tuples, then we can find out the free
* space from the FSM and move on.
*/
- if (visibilitymap_test(rel, blkno, &vmbuffer))
+ if (visibilitymap_test(rel, blkno, &vmbuffer, VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE))
{
freespace = GetRecordedFreeSpace(rel, blkno);
stat->tuple_len += BLCKSZ - freespace;
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml
index 97ef618..f8aa18b 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/catalogs.sgml
@@ -1841,6 +1841,18 @@
</row>
<row>
+ <entry><structfield>relallfrozen</structfield></entry>
+ <entry><type>int4</type></entry>
+ <entry></entry>
+ <entry>
+ Number of pages that are marked all-frozen in the tables's
+ visibility map. It is updated by <command>VACUUM</command>.
+ <command>ANALYZE</command>, and a few DDL coomand such as
+ <command>CREATE INDEX</command>.
+ </entry>
+ </row>
+
+ <row>
<entry><structfield>reltoastrelid</structfield></entry>
<entry><type>oid</type></entry>
<entry><literal><link linkend="catalog-pg-class"><structname>pg_class</structname></link>.oid</literal></entry>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml
index 5549de7..bb63bb9 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml
@@ -5900,7 +5900,7 @@ COPY postgres_log FROM '/full/path/to/logfile.csv' WITH csv;
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
- <command>VACUUM</> performs a whole-table scan if the table's
+ <command>VACUUM</> performs a aggressive freezing if the table's
<structname>pg_class</>.<structfield>relfrozenxid</> field has reached
the age specified by this setting. The default is 150 million
transactions. Although users can set this value anywhere from zero to
@@ -5944,7 +5944,7 @@ COPY postgres_log FROM '/full/path/to/logfile.csv' WITH csv;
</term>
<listitem>
<para>
- <command>VACUUM</> performs a whole-table scan if the table's
+ <command>VACUUM</> performs a aggressive freezing if the table's
<structname>pg_class</>.<structfield>relminmxid</> field has reached
the age specified by this setting. The default is 150 million multixacts.
Although users can set this value anywhere from zero to two billions,
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/maintenance.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/maintenance.sgml
index b5d4050..c8ad27f 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/maintenance.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/maintenance.sgml
@@ -352,9 +352,9 @@
Vacuum maintains a <link linkend="storage-vm">visibility map</> for each
table to keep track of which pages contain only tuples that are known to be
visible to all active transactions (and all future transactions, until the
- page is again modified). This has two purposes. First, vacuum
- itself can skip such pages on the next run, since there is nothing to
- clean up.
+ page is again modified), and pages contain only tuples that are marked as
+ frozen. This has two purposes. First, vacuum itself can skip such pages
+ on the next run, since there is nothing to clean up.
</para>
<para>
@@ -438,23 +438,22 @@
</para>
<para>
- <command>VACUUM</> normally skips pages that don't have any dead row
- versions, but those pages might still have row versions with old XID
- values. To ensure all old row versions have been frozen, a
- scan of the whole table is needed.
+ <command>VACUUM</> skips pages that don't have any dead row
+ versions, and pages that have only frozen rows.
+ To ensure all old row versions have been frozen, a scan of all pages that
+ are not marked as frozen is needed.
<xref linkend="guc-vacuum-freeze-table-age"> controls when
- <command>VACUUM</> does that: a whole table sweep is forced if
- the table hasn't been fully scanned for <varname>vacuum_freeze_table_age</>
- minus <varname>vacuum_freeze_min_age</> transactions. Setting it to 0
- forces <command>VACUUM</> to always scan all pages, effectively ignoring
- the visibility map.
+ <command>VACUUM</> does that: a table sweep is forced if
+ the table hasn't been ensured all row versions are frozen for
+ <varname>vacuum_freeze_table_age</> minus <varname>vacuum_freeze_min_age</>
+ transcations.
</para>
<para>
The maximum time that a table can go unvacuumed is two billion
transactions minus the <varname>vacuum_freeze_min_age</> value at
- the time <command>VACUUM</> last scanned the whole table. If it were to go
- unvacuumed for longer than
+ the time <command>VACUUM</> last scanned pages that are not marked as frozen
+ If it were to go unvacuumed for longer than
that, data loss could result. To ensure that this does not happen,
autovacuum is invoked on any table that might contain unfrozen rows with
XIDs older than the age specified by the configuration parameter <xref
@@ -490,8 +489,7 @@
a regularly scheduled <command>VACUUM</> or an autovacuum triggered by
normal delete and update activity is run in that window. Setting it too
close could lead to anti-wraparound autovacuums, even though the table
- was recently vacuumed to reclaim space, whereas lower values lead to more
- frequent whole-table scans.
+ was recently vacuumed to reclaim space.
</para>
<para>
@@ -527,7 +525,7 @@
<structname>pg_database</>. In particular,
the <structfield>relfrozenxid</> column of a table's
<structname>pg_class</> row contains the freeze cutoff XID that was used
- by the last whole-table <command>VACUUM</> for that table. All rows
+ by the last whole-table freezing for that table. All rows
inserted by transactions with XIDs older than this cutoff XID are
guaranteed to have been frozen. Similarly,
the <structfield>datfrozenxid</> column of a database's
@@ -555,17 +553,19 @@ SELECT datname, age(datfrozenxid) FROM pg_database;
<command>VACUUM</> normally
only scans pages that have been modified since the last vacuum, but
<structfield>relfrozenxid</> can only be advanced when the whole table is
- scanned. The whole table is scanned when <structfield>relfrozenxid</> is
- more than <varname>vacuum_freeze_table_age</> transactions old, when
- <command>VACUUM</>'s <literal>FREEZE</> option is used, or when all pages
- happen to
- require vacuuming to remove dead row versions. When <command>VACUUM</>
- scans the whole table, after it's finished <literal>age(relfrozenxid)</>
- should be a little more than the <varname>vacuum_freeze_min_age</> setting
- that was used (more by the number of transactions started since the
- <command>VACUUM</> started). If no whole-table-scanning <command>VACUUM</>
- is issued on the table until <varname>autovacuum_freeze_max_age</> is
- reached, an autovacuum will soon be forced for the table.
+ frozen. The whole table is scanned only when all pages happen to require
+ vacuuming to remove dead row versions. In other cases such as where
+ <structfield>relfrozenxid</> is more than <varname>vacuum_freeze_table_age</>
+ transcations old, where <command>VACUUM</>'s <literal>FREEZE</> option is used,
+ <command>VACUUM</> can skip the pages that all tuples on the page itself are
+ marked as frozen.
+ When the all pages of table are eventually marked as frozen by <command>VACUUM</>,
+ after it's finished <literal>age(relfrozenxid)</> should be a little more
+ than the <varname>vacuum_freeze_min_age</> setting that was used (more by
+ the number of transcations started since the <command>VACUUM</> started).
+ If the advancing of <structfield>relfrozenxid</> is not happend until
+ <varname>autovacuum_freeze_max_age</> is reached, an autovacuum will soon
+ be forced for the table.
</para>
<para>
@@ -642,28 +642,28 @@ HINT: Stop the postmaster and vacuum that database in single-user mode.
<structname>pg_class</>.<structfield>relminmxid</> stores the oldest
possible multixact ID still appearing in any tuple of that table.
If this value is older than
- <xref linkend="guc-vacuum-multixact-freeze-table-age">, a whole-table
+ <xref linkend="guc-vacuum-multixact-freeze-table-age">, a table
scan is forced. <function>mxid_age()</> can be used on
<structname>pg_class</>.<structfield>relminmxid</> to find its age.
</para>
<para>
- Whole-table <command>VACUUM</> scans, regardless of
- what causes them, enable advancing the value for that table.
+ When <command>VACUUM</> scans all pages that are not marked as frozen,
+ regardless of what causes them, enable advancing the value for that table.
Eventually, as all tables in all databases are scanned and their
oldest multixact values are advanced, on-disk storage for older
multixacts can be removed.
</para>
<para>
- As a safety device, a whole-table vacuum scan will occur for any table
- whose multixact-age is greater than
- <xref linkend="guc-autovacuum-multixact-freeze-max-age">. Whole-table
+ As a safety device, a vacuum scan will occur for any table whose
+ multixact-age is greater than
+ <xref linkend="guc-autovacuum-multixact-freeze-max-age">. A
vacuum scans will also occur progressively for all tables, starting with
those that have the oldest multixact-age, if the amount of used member
storage space exceeds the amount 50% of the addressable storage space.
- Both of these kinds of whole-table scans will occur even if autovacuum is
- nominally disabled.
+ Both of these kinds of scans will occur even if autovacuum is nominally
+ disabled.
</para>
</sect3>
</sect2>
@@ -743,8 +743,8 @@ vacuum threshold = vacuum base threshold + vacuum scale factor * number of tuple
<command>UPDATE</command> and <command>DELETE</command> operation. (It
is only semi-accurate because some information might be lost under heavy
load.) If the <structfield>relfrozenxid</> value of the table is more
- than <varname>vacuum_freeze_table_age</> transactions old, the whole
- table is scanned to freeze old tuples and advance
+ than <varname>vacuum_freeze_table_age</> transactions old, the table is
+ scanned to freeze old tuples and advance
<structfield>relfrozenxid</>, otherwise only pages that have been modified
since the last vacuum are scanned.
</para>
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/storage.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/storage.sgml
index 164d08c..9328cdf 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/storage.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/storage.sgml
@@ -623,18 +623,21 @@ can be used to examine the information stored in free space maps.
<para>
Each heap relation has a Visibility Map
(VM) to keep track of which pages contain only tuples that are known to be
-visible to all active transactions. It's stored
-alongside the main relation data in a separate relation fork, named after the
-filenode number of the relation, plus a <literal>_vm</> suffix. For example,
-if the filenode of a relation is 12345, the VM is stored in a file called
-<filename>12345_vm</>, in the same directory as the main relation file.
+visible to all active transactions, and pages contain only tuples that are
+marked as frozen.
+It's stored alongside the main relation data in a separate relation fork,
+named after the filenode number of the relation, plus a <literal>_vm</> suffix.
+For example, if the filenode of a relation is 12345, the VM is stored in a file
+called <filename>12345_vm</>, in the same directory as the main relation file.
Note that indexes do not have VMs.
</para>
<para>
-The visibility map simply stores one bit per heap page. A set bit means
-that all tuples on the page are known to be visible to all transactions.
-This means that the page does not contain any tuples that need to be vacuumed.
+The visibility map stores two bits per heap page: all-visible, all-frozen.
+A set all-visible bit means that all tuples on the page are known to be visible
+to all transactions. A set all-frozen bit means that all tuples on the page are
+completely marked as frozen. This means that the page does not contain any tuples
+that need to be vacuumed, even if a scan of whole table is required.
This information can also be used by <firstterm>index-only scans</> to answer
queries using only the index tuple.
</para>
diff --git a/src/backend/access/heap/heapam.c b/src/backend/access/heap/heapam.c
index 66deb1f..e70f110 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/heap/heapam.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/heap/heapam.c
@@ -2400,8 +2400,9 @@ heap_insert(Relation relation, HeapTuple tup, CommandId cid,
CheckForSerializableConflictIn(relation, NULL, InvalidBuffer);
/*
- * Find buffer to insert this tuple into. If the page is all visible,
- * this will also pin the requisite visibility map page.
+ * Find buffer to insert this tuple into. If the page is all visible
+ * or all frozen, this will also pin the requisite visibility map and
+ * frozen map page.
*/
buffer = RelationGetBufferForTuple(relation, heaptup->t_len,
InvalidBuffer, options, bistate,
@@ -3000,9 +3001,9 @@ heap_delete(Relation relation, ItemPointer tid,
/*
* If we didn't pin the visibility map page and the page has become all
- * visible while we were busy locking the buffer, we'll have to unlock and
- * re-lock, to avoid holding the buffer lock across an I/O. That's a bit
- * unfortunate, but hopefully shouldn't happen often.
+ * visible or all frozen while we were busy locking the buffer, we'll
+ * have to unlock and re-lock, to avoid holding the buffer lock across an
+ * I/O. That's a bit unfortunate, but hopefully shouldn't happen often.
*/
if (vmbuffer == InvalidBuffer && PageIsAllVisible(page))
{
@@ -7166,7 +7167,7 @@ log_heap_freeze(Relation reln, Buffer buffer, TransactionId cutoff_xid,
*/
XLogRecPtr
log_heap_visible(RelFileNode rnode, Buffer heap_buffer, Buffer vm_buffer,
- TransactionId cutoff_xid)
+ TransactionId cutoff_xid, uint8 vmflags)
{
xl_heap_visible xlrec;
XLogRecPtr recptr;
@@ -7176,6 +7177,7 @@ log_heap_visible(RelFileNode rnode, Buffer heap_buffer, Buffer vm_buffer,
Assert(BufferIsValid(vm_buffer));
xlrec.cutoff_xid = cutoff_xid;
+ xlrec.flags = vmflags;
XLogBeginInsert();
XLogRegisterData((char *) &xlrec, SizeOfHeapVisible);
@@ -7765,7 +7767,12 @@ heap_xlog_visible(XLogReaderState *record)
* the subsequent update won't be replayed to clear the flag.
*/
page = BufferGetPage(buffer);
- PageSetAllVisible(page);
+
+ if (xlrec->flags & VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE)
+ PageSetAllVisible(page);
+ if (xlrec->flags & VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_FROZEN)
+ PageSetAllFrozen(page);
+
MarkBufferDirty(buffer);
}
else if (action == BLK_RESTORED)
@@ -7817,7 +7824,7 @@ heap_xlog_visible(XLogReaderState *record)
*/
if (lsn > PageGetLSN(vmpage))
visibilitymap_set(reln, blkno, InvalidBuffer, lsn, vmbuffer,
- xlrec->cutoff_xid);
+ xlrec->cutoff_xid, xlrec->flags);
ReleaseBuffer(vmbuffer);
FreeFakeRelcacheEntry(reln);
diff --git a/src/backend/access/heap/visibilitymap.c b/src/backend/access/heap/visibilitymap.c
index 7c38772..dc4d582 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/heap/visibilitymap.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/heap/visibilitymap.c
@@ -21,33 +21,41 @@
*
* NOTES
*
- * The visibility map is a bitmap with one bit per heap page. A set bit means
- * that all tuples on the page are known visible to all transactions, and
- * therefore the page doesn't need to be vacuumed. The map is conservative in
- * the sense that we make sure that whenever a bit is set, we know the
- * condition is true, but if a bit is not set, it might or might not be true.
+ * The visibility map is a bitmap with two bits (all-visible and all-frozen)
+ * per heap page. A set all-visible bit means that all tuples on the page are
+ * known visible to all transactions, and therefore the page doesn't need to
+ * be vacuumed. A set all-frozen bit means that all tuples on the page are
+ * completely frozen, and therefore the page doesn't need to be vacuumed even
+ * if whole table scanning vacuum is required (e.g. anti-wraparound vacuum).
+ * The all-frozen bit must be set only when the page is already all-visible.
+ * That is, all-frozen bit is always set with all-visible bit.
+ *
+ * The map is conservative in the sense that we make sure that whenever a bit
+ * is set, we know the condition is true, but if a bit is not set, it might or
+ * might not be true.
*
* Clearing a visibility map bit is not separately WAL-logged. The callers
* must make sure that whenever a bit is cleared, the bit is cleared on WAL
- * replay of the updating operation as well.
+ * replay of the updating operation as well. And all-frozen bit must be
+ * cleared with all-visible at the same time.
*
* When we *set* a visibility map during VACUUM, we must write WAL. This may
* seem counterintuitive, since the bit is basically a hint: if it is clear,
- * it may still be the case that every tuple on the page is visible to all
- * transactions; we just don't know that for certain. The difficulty is that
- * there are two bits which are typically set together: the PD_ALL_VISIBLE bit
- * on the page itself, and the visibility map bit. If a crash occurs after the
- * visibility map page makes it to disk and before the updated heap page makes
- * it to disk, redo must set the bit on the heap page. Otherwise, the next
- * insert, update, or delete on the heap page will fail to realize that the
- * visibility map bit must be cleared, possibly causing index-only scans to
- * return wrong answers.
+ * it may still be the case that every tuple on the page is all-visible or
+ * all-frozen we just don't know that for certain. The difficulty is that
+ * there are two bits which are typically set together: the PD_ALL_VISIBLE
+ * or PD_ALL_FROZEN bit on the page itself, and the corresponding visibility map
+ * bit. If a crash occurs after the visibility map page makes it to disk and before
+ * the updated heap page makes it to disk, redo must set the bit on the heap page.
+ * Otherwise, the next insert, update, or delete on the heap page will fail to
+ * realize that the visibility map bit must be cleared, possibly causing index-only
+ * scans to return wrong answers.
*
* VACUUM will normally skip pages for which the visibility map bit is set;
* such pages can't contain any dead tuples and therefore don't need vacuuming.
- * The visibility map is not used for anti-wraparound vacuums, because
- * an anti-wraparound vacuum needs to freeze tuples and observe the latest xid
- * present in the table, even on pages that don't have any dead tuples.
+ * The visibility map has the all-frozen bit which indicates all tuple on
+ * corresponding page has been completely frozen, so the visibility map is also
+ * used for anti-wraparound vacuum, even if freezing tuples is required.
*
* LOCKING
*
@@ -58,14 +66,14 @@
* section that logs the page modification. However, we don't want to hold
* the buffer lock over any I/O that may be required to read in the visibility
* map page. To avoid this, we examine the heap page before locking it;
- * if the page-level PD_ALL_VISIBLE bit is set, we pin the visibility map
- * bit. Then, we lock the buffer. But this creates a race condition: there
- * is a possibility that in the time it takes to lock the buffer, the
- * PD_ALL_VISIBLE bit gets set. If that happens, we have to unlock the
- * buffer, pin the visibility map page, and relock the buffer. This shouldn't
- * happen often, because only VACUUM currently sets visibility map bits,
- * and the race will only occur if VACUUM processes a given page at almost
- * exactly the same time that someone tries to further modify it.
+ * if the page-level PD_ALL_VISIBLE or PD_ALL_FROZEN bit is set, we pin the
+ * visibility map bit. Then, we lock the buffer. But this creates a race
+ * condition: there is a possibility that in the time it takes to lock the
+ * buffer, the PD_ALL_VISIBLE or PD_ALL_FROZEN bit gets set. If that happens,
+ * we have to unlock the buffer, pin the visibility map page, and relock the
+ * buffer. This shouldn't happen often, because only VACUUM currently sets
+ * visibility map bits, and the race will only occur if VACUUM processes a given
+ * page at almost exactly the same time that someone tries to further modify it.
*
* To set a bit, you need to hold a lock on the heap page. That prevents
* the race condition where VACUUM sees that all tuples on the page are
@@ -101,11 +109,14 @@
*/
#define MAPSIZE (BLCKSZ - MAXALIGN(SizeOfPageHeaderData))
-/* Number of bits allocated for each heap block. */
-#define BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK 1
+/*
+ * Number of bits allocated for each heap block.
+ * One for all-visible, other for all-frozen.
+*/
+#define BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK 2
/* Number of heap blocks we can represent in one byte. */
-#define HEAPBLOCKS_PER_BYTE 8
+#define HEAPBLOCKS_PER_BYTE 4
/* Number of heap blocks we can represent in one visibility map page. */
#define HEAPBLOCKS_PER_PAGE (MAPSIZE * HEAPBLOCKS_PER_BYTE)
@@ -115,24 +126,42 @@
#define HEAPBLK_TO_MAPBYTE(x) (((x) % HEAPBLOCKS_PER_PAGE) / HEAPBLOCKS_PER_BYTE)
#define HEAPBLK_TO_MAPBIT(x) ((x) % HEAPBLOCKS_PER_BYTE)
-/* table for fast counting of set bits */
-static const uint8 number_of_ones[256] = {
- 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 3, 1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 4,
- 1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 4, 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5,
- 1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 4, 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5,
- 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6,
- 1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 4, 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5,
- 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6,
- 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6,
- 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 7,
- 1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 4, 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5,
- 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6,
- 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6,
- 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 7,
- 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6,
- 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 7,
- 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 7,
- 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 7, 5, 6, 6, 7, 6, 7, 7, 8
+/* tables for fast counting of set bits for visible and freeze */
+static const uint8 number_of_ones_for_visible[256] = {
+ 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2,
+ 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3,
+ 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2,
+ 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3,
+ 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3,
+ 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4,
+ 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3,
+ 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4,
+ 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2,
+ 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3,
+ 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2,
+ 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3,
+ 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3,
+ 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4,
+ 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3,
+ 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4
+};
+static const uint8 number_of_ones_for_frozen[256] = {
+ 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2,
+ 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2,
+ 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 2, 2, 3, 3,
+ 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 2, 2, 3, 3,
+ 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2,
+ 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2,
+ 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 2, 2, 3, 3,
+ 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 2, 2, 3, 3,
+ 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 2, 2, 3, 3,
+ 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 2, 2, 3, 3,
+ 2, 2, 3, 3, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 3, 3, 4, 4,
+ 2, 2, 3, 3, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 3, 3, 4, 4,
+ 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 2, 2, 3, 3,
+ 1, 1, 2, 2, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3, 3, 2, 2, 3, 3,
+ 2, 2, 3, 3, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 3, 3, 4, 4,
+ 2, 2, 3, 3, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 3, 3, 4, 4
};
/* prototypes for internal routines */
@@ -141,7 +170,7 @@ static void vm_extend(Relation rel, BlockNumber nvmblocks);
/*
- * visibilitymap_clear - clear a bit in visibility map
+ * visibilitymap_clear - clear all bits in visibility map
*
* You must pass a buffer containing the correct map page to this function.
* Call visibilitymap_pin first to pin the right one. This function doesn't do
@@ -153,11 +182,12 @@ visibilitymap_clear(Relation rel, BlockNumber heapBlk, Buffer buf)
BlockNumber mapBlock = HEAPBLK_TO_MAPBLOCK(heapBlk);
int mapByte = HEAPBLK_TO_MAPBYTE(heapBlk);
int mapBit = HEAPBLK_TO_MAPBIT(heapBlk);
- uint8 mask = 1 << mapBit;
+ uint8 mask = (VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE | VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_FROZEN) <<
+ (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * mapBit);
char *map;
#ifdef TRACE_VISIBILITYMAP
- elog(DEBUG1, "vm_clear %s %d", RelationGetRelationName(rel), heapBlk);
+ elog(DEBUG1, "vm_clear %s block %d", RelationGetRelationName(rel), heapBlk);
#endif
if (!BufferIsValid(buf) || BufferGetBlockNumber(buf) != mapBlock)
@@ -225,7 +255,7 @@ visibilitymap_pin_ok(BlockNumber heapBlk, Buffer buf)
}
/*
- * visibilitymap_set - set a bit on a previously pinned page
+ * visibilitymap_set - set bit(s) on a previously pinned page
*
* recptr is the LSN of the XLOG record we're replaying, if we're in recovery,
* or InvalidXLogRecPtr in normal running. The page LSN is advanced to the
@@ -234,10 +264,11 @@ visibilitymap_pin_ok(BlockNumber heapBlk, Buffer buf)
* marked all-visible; it is needed for Hot Standby, and can be
* InvalidTransactionId if the page contains no tuples.
*
- * Caller is expected to set the heap page's PD_ALL_VISIBLE bit before calling
- * this function. Except in recovery, caller should also pass the heap
- * buffer. When checksums are enabled and we're not in recovery, we must add
- * the heap buffer to the WAL chain to protect it from being torn.
+ * Caller is expected to set the heap page's PD_ALL_VISIBLE or PD_ALL_FROZEN
+ * bit before calling this function. Except in recovery, caller should also
+ * pass the heap buffer and flags which indicates what flag we want to set.
+ * When checksums are enabled and we're not in recovery, we must add the heap
+ * buffer to the WAL chain to protect it from being torn.
*
* You must pass a buffer containing the correct map page to this function.
* Call visibilitymap_pin first to pin the right one. This function doesn't do
@@ -245,7 +276,8 @@ visibilitymap_pin_ok(BlockNumber heapBlk, Buffer buf)
*/
void
visibilitymap_set(Relation rel, BlockNumber heapBlk, Buffer heapBuf,
- XLogRecPtr recptr, Buffer vmBuf, TransactionId cutoff_xid)
+ XLogRecPtr recptr, Buffer vmBuf, TransactionId cutoff_xid,
+ uint8 flags)
{
BlockNumber mapBlock = HEAPBLK_TO_MAPBLOCK(heapBlk);
uint32 mapByte = HEAPBLK_TO_MAPBYTE(heapBlk);
@@ -254,11 +286,13 @@ visibilitymap_set(Relation rel, BlockNumber heapBlk, Buffer heapBuf,
char *map;
#ifdef TRACE_VISIBILITYMAP
- elog(DEBUG1, "vm_set %s %d", RelationGetRelationName(rel), heapBlk);
+ elog(DEBUG1, "vm_set %s block %d, flag %u", RelationGetRelationName(rel), heapBlk, flags);
#endif
Assert(InRecovery || XLogRecPtrIsInvalid(recptr));
Assert(InRecovery || BufferIsValid(heapBuf));
+ Assert((flags & VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE) ||
+ (flags & (VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE | VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_FROZEN)));
/* Check that we have the right heap page pinned, if present */
if (BufferIsValid(heapBuf) && BufferGetBlockNumber(heapBuf) != heapBlk)
@@ -272,11 +306,11 @@ visibilitymap_set(Relation rel, BlockNumber heapBlk, Buffer heapBuf,
map = PageGetContents(page);
LockBuffer(vmBuf, BUFFER_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE);
- if (!(map[mapByte] & (1 << mapBit)))
+ if (flags != (map[mapByte] & (flags << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * mapBit))))
{
START_CRIT_SECTION();
- map[mapByte] |= (1 << mapBit);
+ map[mapByte] |= (flags << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * mapBit));
MarkBufferDirty(vmBuf);
if (RelationNeedsWAL(rel))
@@ -285,7 +319,7 @@ visibilitymap_set(Relation rel, BlockNumber heapBlk, Buffer heapBuf,
{
Assert(!InRecovery);
recptr = log_heap_visible(rel->rd_node, heapBuf, vmBuf,
- cutoff_xid);
+ cutoff_xid, flags);
/*
* If data checksums are enabled (or wal_log_hints=on), we
@@ -295,11 +329,16 @@ visibilitymap_set(Relation rel, BlockNumber heapBlk, Buffer heapBuf,
{
Page heapPage = BufferGetPage(heapBuf);
- /* caller is expected to set PD_ALL_VISIBLE first */
- Assert(PageIsAllVisible(heapPage));
+ /*
+ * Caller is expected to set PD_ALL_VISIBLE or
+ * PD_ALL_FROZEN first.
+ */
+ Assert(((flags | VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE) && PageIsAllVisible(heapPage)) ||
+ ((flags | VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_FROZEN) && PageIsAllFrozen(heapPage)));
PageSetLSN(heapPage, recptr);
}
}
+
PageSetLSN(page, recptr);
}
@@ -310,15 +349,16 @@ visibilitymap_set(Relation rel, BlockNumber heapBlk, Buffer heapBuf,
}
/*
- * visibilitymap_test - test if a bit is set
+ * visibilitymap_test - test if bit(s) is set
*
- * Are all tuples on heapBlk visible to all, according to the visibility map?
+ * Are all tuples on heapBlk visible or frozen to all, according to the visibility map?
*
* On entry, *buf should be InvalidBuffer or a valid buffer returned by an
* earlier call to visibilitymap_pin or visibilitymap_test on the same
* relation. On return, *buf is a valid buffer with the map page containing
* the bit for heapBlk, or InvalidBuffer. The caller is responsible for
- * releasing *buf after it's done testing and setting bits.
+ * releasing *buf after it's done testing and setting bits, and must set flags
+ * which indicates what flag we want to test.
*
* NOTE: This function is typically called without a lock on the heap page,
* so somebody else could change the bit just after we look at it. In fact,
@@ -328,7 +368,7 @@ visibilitymap_set(Relation rel, BlockNumber heapBlk, Buffer heapBuf,
* all concurrency issues!
*/
bool
-visibilitymap_test(Relation rel, BlockNumber heapBlk, Buffer *buf)
+visibilitymap_test(Relation rel, BlockNumber heapBlk, Buffer *buf, uint8 flags)
{
BlockNumber mapBlock = HEAPBLK_TO_MAPBLOCK(heapBlk);
uint32 mapByte = HEAPBLK_TO_MAPBYTE(heapBlk);
@@ -337,7 +377,7 @@ visibilitymap_test(Relation rel, BlockNumber heapBlk, Buffer *buf)
char *map;
#ifdef TRACE_VISIBILITYMAP
- elog(DEBUG1, "vm_test %s %d", RelationGetRelationName(rel), heapBlk);
+ elog(DEBUG1, "vm_test %s block %d, flag %u", RelationGetRelationName(rel), heapBlk, flags);
#endif
/* Reuse the old pinned buffer if possible */
@@ -360,11 +400,12 @@ visibilitymap_test(Relation rel, BlockNumber heapBlk, Buffer *buf)
map = PageGetContents(BufferGetPage(*buf));
/*
- * A single-bit read is atomic. There could be memory-ordering effects
+ * A single or double bit read is atomic. There could be memory-ordering effects
* here, but for performance reasons we make it the caller's job to worry
* about that.
*/
- result = (map[mapByte] & (1 << mapBit)) ? true : false;
+ result = (map[mapByte] & (flags << (BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK * mapBit))) ?
+ true : false;
return result;
}
@@ -374,14 +415,16 @@ visibilitymap_test(Relation rel, BlockNumber heapBlk, Buffer *buf)
*
* Note: we ignore the possibility of race conditions when the table is being
* extended concurrently with the call. New pages added to the table aren't
- * going to be marked all-visible, so they won't affect the result.
+ * going to be marked all-visible or all-frozen, so they won't affect the result.
+ * The caller must set the flags which indicates what flag we want to count.
*/
-BlockNumber
-visibilitymap_count(Relation rel)
+void
+visibilitymap_count(Relation rel, BlockNumber *all_visible, BlockNumber *all_frozen)
{
- BlockNumber result = 0;
BlockNumber mapBlock;
+ *all_visible = *all_frozen = 0;
+
for (mapBlock = 0;; mapBlock++)
{
Buffer mapBuffer;
@@ -406,13 +449,12 @@ visibilitymap_count(Relation rel)
for (i = 0; i < MAPSIZE; i++)
{
- result += number_of_ones[map[i]];
+ *all_visible += number_of_ones_for_visible[map[i]];
+ *all_frozen += number_of_ones_for_frozen[map[i]];
}
ReleaseBuffer(mapBuffer);
}
-
- return result;
}
/*
@@ -435,7 +477,7 @@ visibilitymap_truncate(Relation rel, BlockNumber nheapblocks)
uint8 truncBit = HEAPBLK_TO_MAPBIT(nheapblocks);
#ifdef TRACE_VISIBILITYMAP
- elog(DEBUG1, "vm_truncate %s %d", RelationGetRelationName(rel), nheapblocks);
+ elog(DEBUG1, "vm_truncate %s block %d", RelationGetRelationName(rel), nheapblocks);
#endif
RelationOpenSmgr(rel);
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c
index 7d7d062..c78bebe 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/heap.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/heap.c
@@ -790,6 +790,7 @@ InsertPgClassTuple(Relation pg_class_desc,
values[Anum_pg_class_relpages - 1] = Int32GetDatum(rd_rel->relpages);
values[Anum_pg_class_reltuples - 1] = Float4GetDatum(rd_rel->reltuples);
values[Anum_pg_class_relallvisible - 1] = Int32GetDatum(rd_rel->relallvisible);
+ values[Anum_pg_class_relallfrozen - 1] = Int32GetDatum(rd_rel->relallfrozen);
values[Anum_pg_class_reltoastrelid - 1] = ObjectIdGetDatum(rd_rel->reltoastrelid);
values[Anum_pg_class_relhasindex - 1] = BoolGetDatum(rd_rel->relhasindex);
values[Anum_pg_class_relisshared - 1] = BoolGetDatum(rd_rel->relisshared);
@@ -869,18 +870,21 @@ AddNewRelationTuple(Relation pg_class_desc,
new_rel_reltup->relpages = 0;
new_rel_reltup->reltuples = 0;
new_rel_reltup->relallvisible = 0;
+ new_rel_reltup->relallfrozen = 0;
break;
case RELKIND_SEQUENCE:
/* Sequences always have a known size */
new_rel_reltup->relpages = 1;
new_rel_reltup->reltuples = 1;
new_rel_reltup->relallvisible = 0;
+ new_rel_reltup->relallfrozen = 0;
break;
default:
/* Views, etc, have no disk storage */
new_rel_reltup->relpages = 0;
new_rel_reltup->reltuples = 0;
new_rel_reltup->relallvisible = 0;
+ new_rel_reltup->relallfrozen = 0;
break;
}
diff --git a/src/backend/catalog/index.c b/src/backend/catalog/index.c
index e59b163..7753f66 100644
--- a/src/backend/catalog/index.c
+++ b/src/backend/catalog/index.c
@@ -1813,8 +1813,8 @@ FormIndexDatum(IndexInfo *indexInfo,
* isprimary: if true, set relhaspkey true; else no change
* reltuples: if >= 0, set reltuples to this value; else no change
*
- * If reltuples >= 0, relpages and relallvisible are also updated (using
- * RelationGetNumberOfBlocks() and visibilitymap_count()).
+ * If reltuples >= 0, relpages, relallvisible and relallfrozen are also updated
+ * (using RelationGetNumberOfBlocks() and visibilitymap_count()).
*
* NOTE: an important side-effect of this operation is that an SI invalidation
* message is sent out to all backends --- including me --- causing relcache
@@ -1859,8 +1859,8 @@ index_update_stats(Relation rel,
* true is safe even if there are no indexes (VACUUM will eventually fix
* it), likewise for relhaspkey. And of course the new relpages and
* reltuples counts are correct regardless. However, we don't want to
- * change relpages (or relallvisible) if the caller isn't providing an
- * updated reltuples count, because that would bollix the
+ * change relpages (or relallvisible/relallfrozen) if the caller isn't
+ * providing an updated reltuples count, because that would bollix the
* reltuples/relpages ratio which is what's really important.
*/
@@ -1918,12 +1918,15 @@ index_update_stats(Relation rel,
if (reltuples >= 0)
{
BlockNumber relpages = RelationGetNumberOfBlocks(rel);
- BlockNumber relallvisible;
+ BlockNumber relallvisible, relallfrozen;
if (rd_rel->relkind != RELKIND_INDEX)
- relallvisible = visibilitymap_count(rel);
+ visibilitymap_count(rel, &relallvisible, &relallfrozen);
else /* don't bother for indexes */
+ {
relallvisible = 0;
+ relallfrozen = 0;
+ }
if (rd_rel->relpages != (int32) relpages)
{
@@ -1940,6 +1943,11 @@ index_update_stats(Relation rel,
rd_rel->relallvisible = (int32) relallvisible;
dirty = true;
}
+ if (rd_rel->relallfrozen != (int32) relallfrozen)
+ {
+ rd_rel->relallfrozen = (int32) relallfrozen;
+ dirty = true;
+ }
}
/*
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/analyze.c b/src/backend/commands/analyze.c
index ddb68ab..681b4a9 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/analyze.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/analyze.c
@@ -314,6 +314,8 @@ do_analyze_rel(Relation onerel, int options, VacuumParams *params,
Oid save_userid;
int save_sec_context;
int save_nestlevel;
+ BlockNumber relallvisible,
+ relallfrozen;
if (inh)
ereport(elevel,
@@ -564,6 +566,10 @@ do_analyze_rel(Relation onerel, int options, VacuumParams *params,
}
}
+ /* Calculate the number of all-visible and all-frozen bit */
+ if (!inh)
+ visibilitymap_count(onerel, &relallvisible, &relallfrozen);
+
/*
* Update pages/tuples stats in pg_class ... but not if we're doing
* inherited stats.
@@ -572,7 +578,8 @@ do_analyze_rel(Relation onerel, int options, VacuumParams *params,
vac_update_relstats(onerel,
relpages,
totalrows,
- visibilitymap_count(onerel),
+ relallvisible,
+ relallfrozen,
hasindex,
InvalidTransactionId,
InvalidMultiXactId,
@@ -595,6 +602,7 @@ do_analyze_rel(Relation onerel, int options, VacuumParams *params,
RelationGetNumberOfBlocks(Irel[ind]),
totalindexrows,
0,
+ 0,
false,
InvalidTransactionId,
InvalidMultiXactId,
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/cluster.c b/src/backend/commands/cluster.c
index 7ab4874..beb0ecf 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/cluster.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/cluster.c
@@ -1266,6 +1266,7 @@ swap_relation_files(Oid r1, Oid r2, bool target_is_pg_class,
int32 swap_pages;
float4 swap_tuples;
int32 swap_allvisible;
+ int32 swap_allfrozen;
swap_pages = relform1->relpages;
relform1->relpages = relform2->relpages;
@@ -1278,6 +1279,10 @@ swap_relation_files(Oid r1, Oid r2, bool target_is_pg_class,
swap_allvisible = relform1->relallvisible;
relform1->relallvisible = relform2->relallvisible;
relform2->relallvisible = swap_allvisible;
+
+ swap_allfrozen = relform1->relallfrozen;
+ relform1->relallfrozen = relform2->relallfrozen;
+ relform2->relallfrozen = swap_allfrozen;
}
/*
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c b/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c
index 6d55148..19b768d 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/vacuum.c
@@ -729,11 +729,11 @@ vac_estimate_reltuples(Relation relation, bool is_analyze,
* marked with xmin = our xid.
*
* In addition to fundamentally nontransactional statistics such as
- * relpages and relallvisible, we try to maintain certain lazily-updated
- * DDL flags such as relhasindex, by clearing them if no longer correct.
- * It's safe to do this in VACUUM, which can't run in parallel with
- * CREATE INDEX/RULE/TRIGGER and can't be part of a transaction block.
- * However, it's *not* safe to do it in an ANALYZE that's within an
+ * relpages, relallvisible and relallfrozen, we try to maintain certain
+ * lazily-updated DDL flags such as relhasindex, by clearing them if no
+ * longer correct. It's safe to do this in VACUUM, which can't run in
+ * parallel with CREATE INDEX/RULE/TRIGGER and can't be part of a transaction
+ * block. However, it's *not* safe to do it in an ANALYZE that's within an
* outer transaction, because for example the current transaction might
* have dropped the last index; then we'd think relhasindex should be
* cleared, but if the transaction later rolls back this would be wrong.
@@ -747,6 +747,7 @@ void
vac_update_relstats(Relation relation,
BlockNumber num_pages, double num_tuples,
BlockNumber num_all_visible_pages,
+ BlockNumber num_all_frozen_pages,
bool hasindex, TransactionId frozenxid,
MultiXactId minmulti,
bool in_outer_xact)
@@ -784,6 +785,11 @@ vac_update_relstats(Relation relation,
pgcform->relallvisible = (int32) num_all_visible_pages;
dirty = true;
}
+ if (pgcform->relallfrozen != (int32) num_all_frozen_pages)
+ {
+ pgcform->relallfrozen = (int32) num_all_frozen_pages;
+ dirty = true;
+ }
/* Apply DDL updates, but not inside an outer transaction (see above) */
diff --git a/src/backend/commands/vacuumlazy.c b/src/backend/commands/vacuumlazy.c
index a01cfb4..e31597f 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/vacuumlazy.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/vacuumlazy.c
@@ -106,6 +106,8 @@ typedef struct LVRelStats
BlockNumber rel_pages; /* total number of pages */
BlockNumber scanned_pages; /* number of pages we examined */
BlockNumber pinskipped_pages; /* # of pages we skipped due to a pin */
+ BlockNumber vmskipped_frozen_pages; /* # of pages we skipped by all-frozen bit
+ of visibility map */
double scanned_tuples; /* counts only tuples on scanned pages */
double old_rel_tuples; /* previous value of pg_class.reltuples */
double new_rel_tuples; /* new estimated total # of tuples */
@@ -156,7 +158,7 @@ static void lazy_record_dead_tuple(LVRelStats *vacrelstats,
static bool lazy_tid_reaped(ItemPointer itemptr, void *state);
static int vac_cmp_itemptr(const void *left, const void *right);
static bool heap_page_is_all_visible(Relation rel, Buffer buf,
- TransactionId *visibility_cutoff_xid);
+ TransactionId *visibility_cutoff_xid, bool *all_frozen);
/*
@@ -188,7 +190,8 @@ lazy_vacuum_rel(Relation onerel, int options, VacuumParams *params,
MultiXactId mxactFullScanLimit;
BlockNumber new_rel_pages;
double new_rel_tuples;
- BlockNumber new_rel_allvisible;
+ BlockNumber new_rel_allvisible,
+ new_rel_allfrozen;
double new_live_tuples;
TransactionId new_frozen_xid;
MultiXactId new_min_multi;
@@ -222,6 +225,8 @@ lazy_vacuum_rel(Relation onerel, int options, VacuumParams *params,
* than or equal to the requested Xid full-table scan limit; or if the
* table's minimum MultiXactId is older than or equal to the requested
* mxid full-table scan limit.
+ * Even if scan_all is set so far, we could skip to scan some pages
+ * according by frozen map.
*/
scan_all = TransactionIdPrecedesOrEquals(onerel->rd_rel->relfrozenxid,
xidFullScanLimit);
@@ -253,7 +258,8 @@ lazy_vacuum_rel(Relation onerel, int options, VacuumParams *params,
* NB: We need to check this before truncating the relation, because that
* will change ->rel_pages.
*/
- if (vacrelstats->scanned_pages < vacrelstats->rel_pages)
+ if ((vacrelstats->scanned_pages + vacrelstats->vmskipped_frozen_pages)
+ < vacrelstats->rel_pages)
{
Assert(!scan_all);
scanned_all = false;
@@ -286,9 +292,9 @@ lazy_vacuum_rel(Relation onerel, int options, VacuumParams *params,
* density") with nonzero relpages and reltuples=0 (which means "zero
* tuple density") unless there's some actual evidence for the latter.
*
- * We do update relallvisible even in the corner case, since if the table
- * is all-visible we'd definitely like to know that. But clamp the value
- * to be not more than what we're setting relpages to.
+ * We do update relallvisible and relallfrozen even in the corner case,
+ * since if the table is all-visible we'd definitely like to know that.
+ * But clamp the value to be not more than what we're setting relpages to.
*
* Also, don't change relfrozenxid/relminmxid if we skipped any pages,
* since then we don't know for certain that all tuples have a newer xmin.
@@ -301,10 +307,13 @@ lazy_vacuum_rel(Relation onerel, int options, VacuumParams *params,
new_rel_tuples = vacrelstats->old_rel_tuples;
}
- new_rel_allvisible = visibilitymap_count(onerel);
+ visibilitymap_count(onerel, &new_rel_allvisible, &new_rel_allfrozen);
if (new_rel_allvisible > new_rel_pages)
new_rel_allvisible = new_rel_pages;
+ if (new_rel_allfrozen > new_rel_pages)
+ new_rel_allfrozen = new_rel_pages;
+
new_frozen_xid = scanned_all ? FreezeLimit : InvalidTransactionId;
new_min_multi = scanned_all ? MultiXactCutoff : InvalidMultiXactId;
@@ -312,6 +321,7 @@ lazy_vacuum_rel(Relation onerel, int options, VacuumParams *params,
new_rel_pages,
new_rel_tuples,
new_rel_allvisible,
+ new_rel_allfrozen,
vacrelstats->hasindex,
new_frozen_xid,
new_min_multi,
@@ -360,10 +370,11 @@ lazy_vacuum_rel(Relation onerel, int options, VacuumParams *params,
get_namespace_name(RelationGetNamespace(onerel)),
RelationGetRelationName(onerel),
vacrelstats->num_index_scans);
- appendStringInfo(&buf, _("pages: %u removed, %u remain, %u skipped due to pins\n"),
+ appendStringInfo(&buf, _("pages: %u removed, %u remain, %u skipped due to pins, %u skipped according to vm\n"),
vacrelstats->pages_removed,
vacrelstats->rel_pages,
- vacrelstats->pinskipped_pages);
+ vacrelstats->pinskipped_pages,
+ vacrelstats->vmskipped_frozen_pages);
appendStringInfo(&buf,
_("tuples: %.0f removed, %.0f remain, %.0f are dead but not yet removable\n"),
vacrelstats->tuples_deleted,
@@ -486,9 +497,12 @@ lazy_scan_heap(Relation onerel, LVRelStats *vacrelstats,
* consecutive pages. Since we're reading sequentially, the OS should be
* doing readahead for us, so there's no gain in skipping a page now and
* then; that's likely to disable readahead and so be counterproductive.
- * Also, skipping even a single page means that we can't update
- * relfrozenxid, so we only want to do it if we can skip a goodly number
- * of pages.
+ * Also, skipping even a single page accorinding to all-visible bit of
+ * visibility map means that we can't update relfrozenxid, so we only want
+ * to do it if we can skip a goodly number. On the other hand, we count
+ * both how many pages we skipped according to all-frozen bit of visibility
+ * map and how many pages we freeze page, so we can update relfrozenxid if
+ * the sum of them is as many as pages of table.
*
* Before entering the main loop, establish the invariant that
* next_not_all_visible_block is the next block number >= blkno that's not
@@ -498,24 +512,25 @@ lazy_scan_heap(Relation onerel, LVRelStats *vacrelstats,
* started skipping blocks, we may as well skip everything up to the next
* not-all-visible block.
*
- * Note: if scan_all is true, we won't actually skip any pages; but we
+ * Note: if scan_all is true, we might not actually skip any pages; but we
* maintain next_not_all_visible_block anyway, so as to set up the
* all_visible_according_to_vm flag correctly for each page.
*
* Note: The value returned by visibilitymap_test could be slightly
* out-of-date, since we make this test before reading the corresponding
* heap page or locking the buffer. This is OK. If we mistakenly think
- * that the page is all-visible when in fact the flag's just been cleared,
- * we might fail to vacuum the page. But it's OK to skip pages when
- * scan_all is not set, so no great harm done; the next vacuum will find
- * them. If we make the reverse mistake and vacuum a page unnecessarily,
- * it'll just be a no-op.
+ * that the page is all-visible/all-frozen when in fact the flag's just
+ * been cleared, we might fail to vacuum the page. But it's OK to skip
+ * pages when scan_all is not set, so no great harm done; the next vacuum
+ * will find them. If we make the reverse mistake and vacuum a page
+ * unnecessarily, it'll just be a no-op.
*/
for (next_not_all_visible_block = 0;
next_not_all_visible_block < nblocks;
next_not_all_visible_block++)
{
- if (!visibilitymap_test(onerel, next_not_all_visible_block, &vmbuffer))
+ if (!visibilitymap_test(onerel, next_not_all_visible_block, &vmbuffer,
+ VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE))
break;
vacuum_delay_point();
}
@@ -533,9 +548,13 @@ lazy_scan_heap(Relation onerel, LVRelStats *vacrelstats,
bool tupgone,
hastup;
int prev_dead_count;
- int nfrozen;
+ int nfrozen; /* # of tuples is frozen */
+ int nalready_frozen; /* # of tuples is already frozen */
+ int ntotal_frozen; /* # of frozen tuples in single page */
+ int ntup_per_page;
Size freespace;
bool all_visible_according_to_vm;
+ bool all_frozen_according_to_vm;
bool all_visible;
bool has_dead_tuples;
TransactionId visibility_cutoff_xid = InvalidTransactionId;
@@ -548,7 +567,8 @@ lazy_scan_heap(Relation onerel, LVRelStats *vacrelstats,
next_not_all_visible_block++)
{
if (!visibilitymap_test(onerel, next_not_all_visible_block,
- &vmbuffer))
+ &vmbuffer,
+ VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE))
break;
vacuum_delay_point();
}
@@ -563,13 +583,30 @@ lazy_scan_heap(Relation onerel, LVRelStats *vacrelstats,
else
skipping_all_visible_blocks = false;
all_visible_according_to_vm = false;
+ all_frozen_according_to_vm = false;
}
else
{
- /* Current block is all-visible */
- if (skipping_all_visible_blocks && !scan_all)
- continue;
+ /*
+ * This block is at least all-visible according to visibility map.
+ * We check whehter this block is all-frozen or not, to skip to
+ * vacuum this page even if scan_all is true.
+ */
+ bool all_frozen = visibilitymap_test(onerel, blkno, &vmbuffer,
+ VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_FROZEN);
+ if (scan_all)
+ {
+ if (all_frozen)
+ {
+ vacrelstats->vmskipped_frozen_pages++;
+ continue;
+ }
+ }
+ else if (skipping_all_visible_blocks)
+ continue;
+
all_visible_according_to_vm = true;
+ all_frozen_according_to_vm = all_frozen;
}
vacuum_delay_point();
@@ -740,7 +777,8 @@ lazy_scan_heap(Relation onerel, LVRelStats *vacrelstats,
PageSetAllVisible(page);
visibilitymap_set(onerel, blkno, buf, InvalidXLogRecPtr,
- vmbuffer, InvalidTransactionId);
+ vmbuffer, InvalidTransactionId,
+ VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE);
END_CRIT_SECTION();
}
@@ -764,6 +802,8 @@ lazy_scan_heap(Relation onerel, LVRelStats *vacrelstats,
all_visible = true;
has_dead_tuples = false;
nfrozen = 0;
+ nalready_frozen = 0;
+ ntup_per_page = 0;
hastup = false;
prev_dead_count = vacrelstats->num_dead_tuples;
maxoff = PageGetMaxOffsetNumber(page);
@@ -918,8 +958,13 @@ lazy_scan_heap(Relation onerel, LVRelStats *vacrelstats,
else
{
num_tuples += 1;
+ ntup_per_page += 1;;
hastup = true;
+ /* Check whether this tuple is alrady frozen or not */
+ if (HeapTupleHeaderXminFrozen(tuple.t_data))
+ nalready_frozen += 1;
+
/*
* Each non-removable tuple must be checked to see if it needs
* freezing. Note we already have exclusive buffer lock.
@@ -931,9 +976,10 @@ lazy_scan_heap(Relation onerel, LVRelStats *vacrelstats,
} /* scan along page */
/*
- * If we froze any tuples, mark the buffer dirty, and write a WAL
- * record recording the changes. We must log the changes to be
- * crash-safe against future truncation of CLOG.
+ * If we froze any tuples or any tuples are already frozen,
+ * mark the buffer dirty, and write a WAL record recording the changes.
+ * We must log the changes to be crash-safe against future truncation
+ * of CLOG.
*/
if (nfrozen > 0)
{
@@ -966,6 +1012,9 @@ lazy_scan_heap(Relation onerel, LVRelStats *vacrelstats,
END_CRIT_SECTION();
}
+ /* Compute the number of frozen tuples in a page */
+ ntotal_frozen = nfrozen + nalready_frozen;
+
/*
* If there are no indexes then we can vacuum the page right now
* instead of doing a second scan.
@@ -988,26 +1037,46 @@ lazy_scan_heap(Relation onerel, LVRelStats *vacrelstats,
freespace = PageGetHeapFreeSpace(page);
- /* mark page all-visible, if appropriate */
- if (all_visible && !all_visible_according_to_vm)
+ /* This page is all visible */
+ if (all_visible)
{
- /*
- * It should never be the case that the visibility map page is set
- * while the page-level bit is clear, but the reverse is allowed
- * (if checksums are not enabled). Regardless, set the both bits
- * so that we get back in sync.
- *
- * NB: If the heap page is all-visible but the VM bit is not set,
- * we don't need to dirty the heap page. However, if checksums
- * are enabled, we do need to make sure that the heap page is
- * dirtied before passing it to visibilitymap_set(), because it
- * may be logged. Given that this situation should only happen in
- * rare cases after a crash, it is not worth optimizing.
- */
- PageSetAllVisible(page);
- MarkBufferDirty(buf);
- visibilitymap_set(onerel, blkno, buf, InvalidXLogRecPtr,
- vmbuffer, visibility_cutoff_xid);
+ uint8 flags = 0;
+
+ /* mark page all-visible, if appropriate */
+ if (!all_visible_according_to_vm)
+ {
+ /*
+ * It should never be the case that the visibility map page is set
+ * while the page-level bit is clear, but the reverse is allowed
+ * (if checksums are not enabled). Regardless, set the both bits
+ * so that we get back in sync.
+ *
+ * NB: If the heap page is all-visible but the VM bit is not set,
+ * we don't need to dirty the heap page. However, if checksums
+ * are enabled, we do need to make sure that the heap page is
+ * dirtied before passing it to visibilitymap_set(), because it
+ * may be logged. Given that this situation should only happen in
+ * rare cases after a crash, it is not worth optimizing.
+ */
+ PageSetAllVisible(page);
+ flags |= VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE;
+ }
+
+ /* mark page all-frozen, if all tuples are frozen and not marked yet */
+ if ((ntotal_frozen == ntup_per_page) && !all_frozen_according_to_vm)
+ {
+ Assert(PageIsAllVisible(page));
+
+ PageSetAllFrozen(page);
+ flags |= VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_FROZEN;
+ }
+
+ if (flags)
+ {
+ MarkBufferDirty(buf);
+ visibilitymap_set(onerel, blkno, buf, InvalidXLogRecPtr,
+ vmbuffer, visibility_cutoff_xid, flags);
+ }
}
/*
@@ -1018,7 +1087,7 @@ lazy_scan_heap(Relation onerel, LVRelStats *vacrelstats,
* that something bad has happened.
*/
else if (all_visible_according_to_vm && !PageIsAllVisible(page)
- && visibilitymap_test(onerel, blkno, &vmbuffer))
+ && visibilitymap_test(onerel, blkno, &vmbuffer, VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE))
{
elog(WARNING, "page is not marked all-visible but visibility map bit is set in relation \"%s\" page %u",
relname, blkno);
@@ -1078,7 +1147,7 @@ lazy_scan_heap(Relation onerel, LVRelStats *vacrelstats,
num_tuples);
/*
- * Release any remaining pin on visibility map page.
+ * Release any remaining pin on visibility map and frozen map page.
*/
if (BufferIsValid(vmbuffer))
{
@@ -1114,6 +1183,13 @@ lazy_scan_heap(Relation onerel, LVRelStats *vacrelstats,
RelationGetRelationName(onerel),
tups_vacuumed, vacuumed_pages)));
+ /* Report how many frozen pages vacuum skipped according to visibility map */
+ ereport(elevel,
+ (errmsg_plural("skipped %d frozen page according to visibility map",
+ "skipped %d frozen pages according to visibility map",
+ vacrelstats->vmskipped_frozen_pages,
+ vacrelstats->vmskipped_frozen_pages)));
+
/*
* This is pretty messy, but we split it up so that we can skip emitting
* individual parts of the message when not applicable.
@@ -1226,6 +1302,7 @@ lazy_vacuum_page(Relation onerel, BlockNumber blkno, Buffer buffer,
OffsetNumber unused[MaxOffsetNumber];
int uncnt = 0;
TransactionId visibility_cutoff_xid;
+ bool all_frozen;
START_CRIT_SECTION();
@@ -1277,19 +1354,34 @@ lazy_vacuum_page(Relation onerel, BlockNumber blkno, Buffer buffer,
* dirty, exclusively locked, and, if needed, a full page image has been
* emitted in the log_heap_clean() above.
*/
- if (heap_page_is_all_visible(onerel, buffer, &visibility_cutoff_xid))
+ if (heap_page_is_all_visible(onerel, buffer, &visibility_cutoff_xid, &all_frozen))
PageSetAllVisible(page);
/*
* All the changes to the heap page have been done. If the all-visible
- * flag is now set, also set the VM bit.
+ * flag is now set, also set the VM all-visible bit.
+ * Also, if this page is all-frozen, set the VM all-frozen bit and flag.
*/
- if (PageIsAllVisible(page) &&
- !visibilitymap_test(onerel, blkno, vmbuffer))
+ if (PageIsAllVisible(page))
{
+ uint8 flags = 0;
+
+ if (!visibilitymap_test(onerel, blkno, vmbuffer, VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE))
+ flags |= VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE;
+
+ /* Set the VM all-frozen bit to flag, if needed */
+ if (all_frozen &&
+ !visibilitymap_test(onerel, blkno, vmbuffer, VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_FROZEN))
+ {
+ PageSetAllFrozen(page);
+ flags |= VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_FROZEN;
+ }
+
Assert(BufferIsValid(*vmbuffer));
- visibilitymap_set(onerel, blkno, buffer, InvalidXLogRecPtr, *vmbuffer,
- visibility_cutoff_xid);
+
+ if (flags)
+ visibilitymap_set(onerel, blkno, buffer, InvalidXLogRecPtr, *vmbuffer,
+ visibility_cutoff_xid, flags);
}
return tupindex;
@@ -1408,6 +1500,7 @@ lazy_cleanup_index(Relation indrel,
stats->num_pages,
stats->num_index_tuples,
0,
+ 0,
false,
InvalidTransactionId,
InvalidMultiXactId,
@@ -1779,10 +1872,12 @@ vac_cmp_itemptr(const void *left, const void *right)
/*
* Check if every tuple in the given page is visible to all current and future
* transactions. Also return the visibility_cutoff_xid which is the highest
- * xmin amongst the visible tuples.
+ * xmin amongst the visible tuples, and all_frozen which implies that all tuples
+ * of this page are frozen.
*/
static bool
-heap_page_is_all_visible(Relation rel, Buffer buf, TransactionId *visibility_cutoff_xid)
+heap_page_is_all_visible(Relation rel, Buffer buf, TransactionId *visibility_cutoff_xid,
+ bool *all_frozen)
{
Page page = BufferGetPage(buf);
BlockNumber blockno = BufferGetBlockNumber(buf);
@@ -1791,6 +1886,7 @@ heap_page_is_all_visible(Relation rel, Buffer buf, TransactionId *visibility_cut
bool all_visible = true;
*visibility_cutoff_xid = InvalidTransactionId;
+ *all_frozen = true;
/*
* This is a stripped down version of the line pointer scan in
@@ -1814,11 +1910,12 @@ heap_page_is_all_visible(Relation rel, Buffer buf, TransactionId *visibility_cut
/*
* Dead line pointers can have index pointers pointing to them. So
- * they can't be treated as visible
+ * they can't be treated as visible and frozen.
*/
if (ItemIdIsDead(itemid))
{
all_visible = false;
+ *all_frozen = false;
break;
}
@@ -1855,6 +1952,10 @@ heap_page_is_all_visible(Relation rel, Buffer buf, TransactionId *visibility_cut
/* Track newest xmin on page. */
if (TransactionIdFollows(xmin, *visibility_cutoff_xid))
*visibility_cutoff_xid = xmin;
+
+ /* Check whether this tuple is alrady frozen or not */
+ if (!HeapTupleHeaderXminFrozen(tuple.t_data))
+ *all_frozen = false;
}
break;
@@ -1863,6 +1964,7 @@ heap_page_is_all_visible(Relation rel, Buffer buf, TransactionId *visibility_cut
case HEAPTUPLE_INSERT_IN_PROGRESS:
case HEAPTUPLE_DELETE_IN_PROGRESS:
all_visible = false;
+ *all_frozen = false;
break;
default:
@@ -1871,5 +1973,8 @@ heap_page_is_all_visible(Relation rel, Buffer buf, TransactionId *visibility_cut
}
} /* scan along page */
+ if (!all_visible)
+ *all_frozen = false;
+
return all_visible;
}
diff --git a/src/backend/executor/nodeIndexonlyscan.c b/src/backend/executor/nodeIndexonlyscan.c
index 9f54c46..08df289 100644
--- a/src/backend/executor/nodeIndexonlyscan.c
+++ b/src/backend/executor/nodeIndexonlyscan.c
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ IndexOnlyNext(IndexOnlyScanState *node)
*/
if (!visibilitymap_test(scandesc->heapRelation,
ItemPointerGetBlockNumber(tid),
- &node->ioss_VMBuffer))
+ &node->ioss_VMBuffer, VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE))
{
/*
* Rats, we have to visit the heap to check visibility.
diff --git a/src/backend/rewrite/rewriteDefine.c b/src/backend/rewrite/rewriteDefine.c
index 39c83a6..560cf5a 100644
--- a/src/backend/rewrite/rewriteDefine.c
+++ b/src/backend/rewrite/rewriteDefine.c
@@ -604,6 +604,7 @@ DefineQueryRewrite(char *rulename,
classForm->relpages = 0;
classForm->reltuples = 0;
classForm->relallvisible = 0;
+ classForm->relallfrozen = 0;
classForm->reltoastrelid = InvalidOid;
classForm->relhasindex = false;
classForm->relkind = RELKIND_VIEW;
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c
index 9c3d096..8aa8470 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/cache/relcache.c
@@ -1613,6 +1613,7 @@ formrdesc(const char *relationName, Oid relationReltype,
relation->rd_rel->relpages = 0;
relation->rd_rel->reltuples = 0;
relation->rd_rel->relallvisible = 0;
+ relation->rd_rel->relallfrozen = 0;
relation->rd_rel->relkind = RELKIND_RELATION;
relation->rd_rel->relhasoids = hasoids;
relation->rd_rel->relnatts = (int16) natts;
@@ -3114,6 +3115,7 @@ RelationSetNewRelfilenode(Relation relation, char persistence,
classform->relpages = 0; /* it's empty until further notice */
classform->reltuples = 0;
classform->relallvisible = 0;
+ classform->relallfrozen = 0;
}
classform->relfrozenxid = freezeXid;
classform->relminmxid = minmulti;
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
index 41d4606..a3ce324 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/check.c
@@ -231,6 +231,15 @@ check_cluster_versions(void)
if (old_cluster.major_version > new_cluster.major_version)
pg_fatal("This utility cannot be used to downgrade to older major PostgreSQL versions.\n");
+ /*
+ * We cant't allow upgrading with link mode between 9.5 or before and 9.6 or later,
+ * because the format of visibility map has been changed on version 9.6.
+ */
+ if (user_opts.transfer_mode == TRANSFER_MODE_LINK &&
+ GET_MAJOR_VERSION(old_cluster.major_version) < 906 &&
+ GET_MAJOR_VERSION(new_cluster.major_version) >= 906)
+ pg_fatal("This utility cannot upgrade from PostgreSQL version from 9.5 or before to 9.6 or later with link mode.\n");
+
/* get old and new binary versions */
get_bin_version(&old_cluster);
get_bin_version(&new_cluster);
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
index 79d9390..d47a98b 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/file.c
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
#include "postgres_fe.h"
#include "pg_upgrade.h"
+#include "storage/bufpage.h"
#include <fcntl.h>
@@ -21,6 +22,43 @@ static int copy_file(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile, bool force);
static int win32_pghardlink(const char *src, const char *dst);
#endif
+static const char *rewriteVisibilitymap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
+ bool force);
+
+/* table for fast rewriting vm file in order to add all-frozen information */
+static const uint16 rewrite_vm_table[256] = {
+ 0, 1, 4, 5, 16, 17, 20, 21, 64, 65, 68, 69, 80, 81, 84, 85,
+ 256, 257, 260, 261, 272, 273, 276, 277, 320, 321, 324, 325, 336, 337, 340, 341,
+ 1024, 1025, 1028, 1029, 1040, 1041, 1044, 1045, 1088, 1089, 1092, 1093, 1104, 1105, 1108, 1109,
+ 1280, 1281, 1284, 1285, 1296, 1297, 1300, 1301, 1344, 1345, 1348, 1349, 1360, 1361, 1364, 1365,
+ 4096, 4097, 4100, 4101, 4112, 4113, 4116, 4117, 4160, 4161, 4164, 4165, 4176, 4177, 4180, 4181,
+ 4352, 4353, 4356, 4357, 4368, 4369, 4372, 4373, 4416, 4417, 4420, 4421, 4432, 4433, 4436, 4437,
+ 5120, 5121, 5124, 5125, 5136, 5137, 5140, 5141, 5184, 5185, 5188, 5189, 5200, 5201, 5204, 5205,
+ 5376, 5377, 5380, 5381, 5392, 5393, 5396, 5397, 5440, 5441, 5444, 5445, 5456, 5457, 5460, 5461,
+ 16384, 16385, 16388, 16389, 16400, 16401, 16404, 16405, 16448, 16449, 16452, 16453, 16464, 16465, 16468, 16469,
+ 16640, 16641, 16644, 16645, 16656, 16657, 16660, 16661, 16704, 16705, 16708, 16709, 16720, 16721, 16724, 16725,
+ 17408, 17409, 17412, 17413, 17424, 17425, 17428, 17429, 17472, 17473, 17476, 17477, 17488, 17489, 17492, 17493,
+ 17664, 17665, 17668, 17669, 17680, 17681, 17684, 17685, 17728, 17729, 17732, 17733, 17744, 17745, 17748, 17749,
+ 20480, 20481, 20484, 20485, 20496, 20497, 20500, 20501, 20544, 20545, 20548, 20549, 20560, 20561, 20564, 20565,
+ 20736, 20737, 20740, 20741, 20752, 20753, 20756, 20757, 20800, 20801, 20804, 20805, 20816, 20817, 20820, 20821,
+ 21504, 21505, 21508, 21509, 21520, 21521, 21524, 21525, 21568, 21569, 21572, 21573, 21584, 21585, 21588, 21589,
+ 21760, 21761, 21764, 21765, 21776, 21777, 21780, 21781, 21824, 21825, 21828, 21829, 21840, 21841, 21844, 21845
+};
+
+/*
+ * copyOrRewriteFile()
+ * This function copies file or rewrite visibility map file.
+ * If rewrite_vm is true, we have to rewrite visibility map regardless value of pageConverter.
+ */
+const char *
+copyOrRewriteFile(pageCnvCtx *pageConverter,
+ const char *src, const char *dst, bool force, bool rewrite_vm)
+{
+ if (rewrite_vm)
+ return rewriteVisibilitymap(src, dst, force);
+ else
+ return copyAndUpdateFile(pageConverter, src, dst, force);
+}
/*
* copyAndUpdateFile()
@@ -201,6 +239,97 @@ copy_file(const char *srcfile, const char *dstfile, bool force)
#endif
+/*
+ * rewriteVisibilitymap()
+ *
+ * A additional bit which indicates that all tuples on page is completely
+ * frozen is added into visibility map at PG 9.6. So the format of visibiilty
+ * map has been changed.
+ * Copies a visibility map file while adding all-frozen bit(0) into each bit.
+ */
+static const char *
+rewriteVisibilitymap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile, bool force)
+{
+#define REWRITE_BUF_SIZE (50 * BLCKSZ)
+#define BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK 2
+
+ int src_fd = 0;
+ int dst_fd = 0;
+ uint16 vm_bits;
+ ssize_t nbytes;
+ char *buffer = NULL;
+ int ret = 0;
+
+ if ((fromfile == NULL) || (tofile == NULL))
+ return getErrorText(EINVAL);
+
+ if ((src_fd = open(fromfile, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0)
+ goto err;
+
+ if ((dst_fd = open(tofile, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | (force ? 0 : O_EXCL), S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR)) < 0)
+ goto err;
+
+ buffer = (char *) pg_malloc(REWRITE_BUF_SIZE);
+
+ /* Copy page header data in advance */
+ if ((nbytes = read(src_fd, buffer, MAXALIGN(SizeOfPageHeaderData))) <= 0)
+ goto err;
+
+ if (write(dst_fd, buffer, nbytes) != nbytes)
+ {
+ /* if write didn't set errno, assume problem is no disk space */
+ if (errno == 0)
+ errno = ENOSPC;
+ goto err;
+ }
+
+ /* perform data rewriting i.e read src srouce, write to destination */
+ while (true)
+ {
+ ssize_t nbytes = read(src_fd, buffer, REWRITE_BUF_SIZE);
+ char *cur, *end;
+
+ if (nbytes < 0)
+ {
+ ret = -1;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ if (nbytes == 0)
+ break;
+
+ cur = buffer;
+ end = buffer + nbytes;
+
+ /* Rewrite a byte and write dest_fd per BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK bytes */
+ while (end > cur)
+ {
+ /* Get rewritten bit from table and its string representation */
+ vm_bits = rewrite_vm_table[(uint8) *cur];
+
+ if (write(dst_fd, &vm_bits, BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK) != BITS_PER_HEAPBLOCK)
+ {
+ ret = -1;
+ break;
+ }
+ cur++;
+ }
+ }
+
+err:
+
+ if (!buffer)
+ pg_free(buffer);
+
+ if (src_fd != 0)
+ close(src_fd);
+
+ if (dst_fd != 0)
+ close(dst_fd);
+
+ return (errno == 0) ? NULL : getErrorText(errno);
+}
+
void
check_hard_link(void)
{
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
index 13aa891..d04d836 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
@@ -112,6 +112,10 @@ extern char *output_files[];
#define VISIBILITY_MAP_CRASHSAFE_CAT_VER 201107031
/*
+ * The format of visibility map changed with this 9.6 commit,
+ */
+#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201510191
+/*
* pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
* ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
* version to this value. pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
@@ -396,6 +400,8 @@ const pageCnvCtx *setupPageConverter(void);
typedef void *pageCnvCtx;
#endif
+const char *copyOrRewriteFile(pageCnvCtx *pageConverter, const char *src,
+ const char *dst, bool force, bool rewrite_vm);
const char *copyAndUpdateFile(pageCnvCtx *pageConverter, const char *src,
const char *dst, bool force);
const char *linkAndUpdateFile(pageCnvCtx *pageConverter, const char *src,
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenode.c b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenode.c
index c22df42..2fa5b47 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenode.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/relfilenode.c
@@ -171,6 +171,7 @@ transfer_single_new_db(pageCnvCtx *pageConverter,
{
int mapnum;
bool vm_crashsafe_match = true;
+ bool vm_rewrite_needed = false;
/*
* Do the old and new cluster disagree on the crash-safetiness of the vm
@@ -180,6 +181,13 @@ transfer_single_new_db(pageCnvCtx *pageConverter,
new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_CRASHSAFE_CAT_VER)
vm_crashsafe_match = false;
+ /*
+ * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
+ */
+ if (old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
+ new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
+ vm_rewrite_needed = true;
+
for (mapnum = 0; mapnum < size; mapnum++)
{
if (old_tablespace == NULL ||
@@ -195,7 +203,7 @@ transfer_single_new_db(pageCnvCtx *pageConverter,
* Copy/link any fsm and vm files, if they exist
*/
transfer_relfile(pageConverter, &maps[mapnum], "_fsm");
- if (vm_crashsafe_match)
+ if (vm_crashsafe_match || vm_rewrite_needed)
transfer_relfile(pageConverter, &maps[mapnum], "_vm");
}
}
@@ -218,6 +226,7 @@ transfer_relfile(pageCnvCtx *pageConverter, FileNameMap *map,
int fd;
int segno;
char extent_suffix[65];
+ bool rewrite_vm = false;
/*
* Now copy/link any related segments as well. Remember, PG breaks large
@@ -276,7 +285,15 @@ transfer_relfile(pageCnvCtx *pageConverter, FileNameMap *map,
{
pg_log(PG_VERBOSE, "copying \"%s\" to \"%s\"\n", old_file, new_file);
- if ((msg = copyAndUpdateFile(pageConverter, old_file, new_file, true)) != NULL)
+ /*
+ * Do we need to rewrite visibilitymap?
+ */
+ if (strcmp(type_suffix, "_vm") == 0 &&
+ old_cluster.controldata.cat_ver < VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER &&
+ new_cluster.controldata.cat_ver >= VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER)
+ rewrite_vm = true;
+
+ if ((msg = copyOrRewriteFile(pageConverter, old_file, new_file, true, rewrite_vm)) != NULL)
pg_fatal("error while copying relation \"%s.%s\" (\"%s\" to \"%s\"): %s\n",
map->nspname, map->relname, old_file, new_file, msg);
}
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/test.sh b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/test.sh
index aa7f399..6b058d4 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_upgrade/test.sh
+++ b/src/bin/pg_upgrade/test.sh
@@ -174,6 +174,11 @@ if "$MAKE" -C "$oldsrc" installcheck; then
mv "$temp_root"/dump1.sql "$temp_root"/dump1.sql.orig
sed "s;$oldsrc;$newsrc;g" "$temp_root"/dump1.sql.orig >"$temp_root"/dump1.sql
fi
+
+ vm_sql="SELECT c.relname, c.relallvisible FROM pg_class as c, pg_namespace as n WHERE c.relnamespace = n.oid AND n.nspname NOT IN ('information_schema', 'pg_toast', 'pg_catalog') ORDER BY c.relname;"
+ # Test for rewriting visibility map
+ vacuumdb -d regression || visibilitymap_vacuum1_status=$?
+ psql -d regression -c "$vm_sql" > "$temp_root"/vm_test1.txt || visibilitymap_test1_status=$?
else
make_installcheck_status=$?
fi
@@ -188,6 +193,14 @@ if [ -n "$pg_dumpall1_status" ]; then
echo "pg_dumpall of pre-upgrade database cluster failed"
exit 1
fi
+if [ -n "$visibilitymap_vacuum1_status" ];then
+ echo "VACUUM of pre-upgrade database cluster for visibility map test failed"
+ exit 1
+fi
+if [ -n "$visibilitymap_test1_status" ];then
+ echo "SELECT of pre-upgrade database cluster for visibility map test failed"
+ exit 1
+fi
PGDATA=$BASE_PGDATA
@@ -203,6 +216,8 @@ case $testhost in
esac
pg_dumpall -f "$temp_root"/dump2.sql || pg_dumpall2_status=$?
+vacuumdb -d regression || visibilitymap_vacuum2_status=$?
+psql -d regression -c "$vm_sql" > "$temp_root"/vm_test2.txt || visibilitymap_test2_status=$?
pg_ctl -m fast stop
# no need to echo commands anymore
@@ -214,11 +229,26 @@ if [ -n "$pg_dumpall2_status" ]; then
exit 1
fi
+if [ -n "$visibilitymap_vacuum2_status" ];then
+ echo "VACUUM of post-upgrade database cluster for visibility map test failed"
+ exit 1
+fi
+
+if [ -n "$visibilitymap_test2_status" ];then
+ echo "SELECT of post-upgrade database cluster for visibility map test failed"
+ exit 1
+fi
+
case $testhost in
MINGW*) cmd /c delete_old_cluster.bat ;;
*) sh ./delete_old_cluster.sh ;;
esac
+if ! diff "$temp_root"/vm_test1.txt "$temp_root"/vm_test2.txt >/dev/null; then
+ echo "Visibility map rewriting test failed"
+ exit 1
+fi
+
if diff "$temp_root"/dump1.sql "$temp_root"/dump2.sql >/dev/null; then
echo PASSED
exit 0
diff --git a/src/include/access/heapam_xlog.h b/src/include/access/heapam_xlog.h
index caa0f14..93afb10 100644
--- a/src/include/access/heapam_xlog.h
+++ b/src/include/access/heapam_xlog.h
@@ -320,9 +320,10 @@ typedef struct xl_heap_freeze_page
typedef struct xl_heap_visible
{
TransactionId cutoff_xid;
+ uint8 flags;
} xl_heap_visible;
-#define SizeOfHeapVisible (offsetof(xl_heap_visible, cutoff_xid) + sizeof(TransactionId))
+#define SizeOfHeapVisible (offsetof(xl_heap_visible, flags) + sizeof(uint8))
typedef struct xl_heap_new_cid
{
@@ -389,6 +390,6 @@ extern bool heap_prepare_freeze_tuple(HeapTupleHeader tuple,
extern void heap_execute_freeze_tuple(HeapTupleHeader tuple,
xl_heap_freeze_tuple *xlrec_tp);
extern XLogRecPtr log_heap_visible(RelFileNode rnode, Buffer heap_buffer,
- Buffer vm_buffer, TransactionId cutoff_xid);
+ Buffer vm_buffer, TransactionId cutoff_xid, uint8 flags);
#endif /* HEAPAM_XLOG_H */
diff --git a/src/include/access/visibilitymap.h b/src/include/access/visibilitymap.h
index 0c0e0ef..bacc349 100644
--- a/src/include/access/visibilitymap.h
+++ b/src/include/access/visibilitymap.h
@@ -19,15 +19,22 @@
#include "storage/buf.h"
#include "utils/relcache.h"
+/* Flags for bit map */
+#define VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_VISIBLE 0x01
+#define VISIBILITYMAP_ALL_FROZEN 0x02
+
extern void visibilitymap_clear(Relation rel, BlockNumber heapBlk,
Buffer vmbuf);
extern void visibilitymap_pin(Relation rel, BlockNumber heapBlk,
Buffer *vmbuf);
extern bool visibilitymap_pin_ok(BlockNumber heapBlk, Buffer vmbuf);
extern void visibilitymap_set(Relation rel, BlockNumber heapBlk, Buffer heapBuf,
- XLogRecPtr recptr, Buffer vmBuf, TransactionId cutoff_xid);
-extern bool visibilitymap_test(Relation rel, BlockNumber heapBlk, Buffer *vmbuf);
-extern BlockNumber visibilitymap_count(Relation rel);
+ XLogRecPtr recptr, Buffer vmBuf, TransactionId cutoff_xid,
+ uint8 flags);
+extern bool visibilitymap_test(Relation rel, BlockNumber heapBlk, Buffer *vmbuf,
+ uint8 flags);
+extern void visibilitymap_count(Relation rel, BlockNumber *all_visible,
+ BlockNumber *all_frozen);
extern void visibilitymap_truncate(Relation rel, BlockNumber nheapblocks);
#endif /* VISIBILITYMAP_H */
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/catversion.h b/src/include/catalog/catversion.h
index 15e0b97..f2ef868 100644
--- a/src/include/catalog/catversion.h
+++ b/src/include/catalog/catversion.h
@@ -53,6 +53,6 @@
*/
/* yyyymmddN */
-#define CATALOG_VERSION_NO 201510161
+#define CATALOG_VERSION_NO 201510191
#endif
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_class.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_class.h
index 06d287e..e8c1316 100644
--- a/src/include/catalog/pg_class.h
+++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_class.h
@@ -47,6 +47,8 @@ CATALOG(pg_class,1259) BKI_BOOTSTRAP BKI_ROWTYPE_OID(83) BKI_SCHEMA_MACRO
float4 reltuples; /* # of tuples (not always up-to-date) */
int32 relallvisible; /* # of all-visible blocks (not always
* up-to-date) */
+ int32 relallfrozen; /* # of all-frozen blocks (not always
+ up-to-date) */
Oid reltoastrelid; /* OID of toast table; 0 if none */
bool relhasindex; /* T if has (or has had) any indexes */
bool relisshared; /* T if shared across databases */
@@ -96,7 +98,7 @@ typedef FormData_pg_class *Form_pg_class;
* ----------------
*/
-#define Natts_pg_class 31
+#define Natts_pg_class 32
#define Anum_pg_class_relname 1
#define Anum_pg_class_relnamespace 2
#define Anum_pg_class_reltype 3
@@ -108,26 +110,27 @@ typedef FormData_pg_class *Form_pg_class;
#define Anum_pg_class_relpages 9
#define Anum_pg_class_reltuples 10
#define Anum_pg_class_relallvisible 11
-#define Anum_pg_class_reltoastrelid 12
-#define Anum_pg_class_relhasindex 13
-#define Anum_pg_class_relisshared 14
-#define Anum_pg_class_relpersistence 15
-#define Anum_pg_class_relkind 16
-#define Anum_pg_class_relnatts 17
-#define Anum_pg_class_relchecks 18
-#define Anum_pg_class_relhasoids 19
-#define Anum_pg_class_relhaspkey 20
-#define Anum_pg_class_relhasrules 21
-#define Anum_pg_class_relhastriggers 22
-#define Anum_pg_class_relhassubclass 23
-#define Anum_pg_class_relrowsecurity 24
-#define Anum_pg_class_relforcerowsecurity 25
-#define Anum_pg_class_relispopulated 26
-#define Anum_pg_class_relreplident 27
-#define Anum_pg_class_relfrozenxid 28
-#define Anum_pg_class_relminmxid 29
-#define Anum_pg_class_relacl 30
-#define Anum_pg_class_reloptions 31
+#define Anum_pg_class_relallfrozen 12
+#define Anum_pg_class_reltoastrelid 13
+#define Anum_pg_class_relhasindex 14
+#define Anum_pg_class_relisshared 15
+#define Anum_pg_class_relpersistence 16
+#define Anum_pg_class_relkind 17
+#define Anum_pg_class_relnatts 18
+#define Anum_pg_class_relchecks 19
+#define Anum_pg_class_relhasoids 20
+#define Anum_pg_class_relhaspkey 21
+#define Anum_pg_class_relhasrules 22
+#define Anum_pg_class_relhastriggers 23
+#define Anum_pg_class_relhassubclass 24
+#define Anum_pg_class_relrowsecurity 25
+#define Anum_pg_class_relforcerowsecurity 26
+#define Anum_pg_class_relispopulated 27
+#define Anum_pg_class_relreplident 28
+#define Anum_pg_class_relfrozenxid 29
+#define Anum_pg_class_relminmxid 30
+#define Anum_pg_class_relacl 31
+#define Anum_pg_class_reloptions 32
/* ----------------
* initial contents of pg_class
@@ -142,13 +145,13 @@ typedef FormData_pg_class *Form_pg_class;
* Note: "3" in the relfrozenxid column stands for FirstNormalTransactionId;
* similarly, "1" in relminmxid stands for FirstMultiXactId
*/
-DATA(insert OID = 1247 ( pg_type PGNSP 71 0 PGUID 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 f f p r 30 0 t f f f f f f t n 3 1 _null_ _null_ ));
+DATA(insert OID = 1247 ( pg_type PGNSP 71 0 PGUID 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 f f p r 30 0 t f f f f f f t n 3 1 _null_ _null_ ));
DESCR("");
-DATA(insert OID = 1249 ( pg_attribute PGNSP 75 0 PGUID 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 f f p r 21 0 f f f f f f f t n 3 1 _null_ _null_ ));
+DATA(insert OID = 1249 ( pg_attribute PGNSP 75 0 PGUID 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 f f p r 21 0 f f f f f f f t n 3 1 _null_ _null_ ));
DESCR("");
-DATA(insert OID = 1255 ( pg_proc PGNSP 81 0 PGUID 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 f f p r 29 0 t f f f f f f t n 3 1 _null_ _null_ ));
+DATA(insert OID = 1255 ( pg_proc PGNSP 81 0 PGUID 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 f f p r 29 0 t f f f f f f t n 3 1 _null_ _null_ ));
DESCR("");
-DATA(insert OID = 1259 ( pg_class PGNSP 83 0 PGUID 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 f f p r 31 0 t f f f f f f t n 3 1 _null_ _null_ ));
+DATA(insert OID = 1259 ( pg_class PGNSP 83 0 PGUID 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 f f p r 32 0 t f f f f f f t n 3 1 _null_ _null_ ));
DESCR("");
diff --git a/src/include/commands/vacuum.h b/src/include/commands/vacuum.h
index e3a31af..d2bae2d 100644
--- a/src/include/commands/vacuum.h
+++ b/src/include/commands/vacuum.h
@@ -172,6 +172,7 @@ extern void vac_update_relstats(Relation relation,
BlockNumber num_pages,
double num_tuples,
BlockNumber num_all_visible_pages,
+ BlockNumber num_all_frozen_pages,
bool hasindex,
TransactionId frozenxid,
MultiXactId minmulti,
diff --git a/src/include/storage/bufpage.h b/src/include/storage/bufpage.h
index a2f78ee..1040885 100644
--- a/src/include/storage/bufpage.h
+++ b/src/include/storage/bufpage.h
@@ -178,8 +178,10 @@ typedef PageHeaderData *PageHeader;
* tuple? */
#define PD_ALL_VISIBLE 0x0004 /* all tuples on page are visible to
* everyone */
+#define PD_ALL_FROZEN 0x0008 /* all tuples on page are completely
+ frozen */
-#define PD_VALID_FLAG_BITS 0x0007 /* OR of all valid pd_flags bits */
+#define PD_VALID_FLAG_BITS 0x000F /* OR of all valid pd_flags bits */
/*
* Page layout version number 0 is for pre-7.3 Postgres releases.
@@ -369,6 +371,11 @@ typedef PageHeaderData *PageHeader;
#define PageClearAllVisible(page) \
(((PageHeader) (page))->pd_flags &= ~PD_ALL_VISIBLE)
+#define PageIsAllFrozen(page) \
+ (((PageHeader) (page))->pd_flags & PD_ALL_FROZEN)
+#define PageSetAllFrozen(page) \
+ (((PageHeader) (page))->pd_flags |= PD_ALL_FROZEN)
+
#define PageIsPrunable(page, oldestxmin) \
( \
AssertMacro(TransactionIdIsNormal(oldestxmin)), \
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/visibilitymap.out b/src/test/regress/expected/visibilitymap.out
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0dd5cc1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/visibilitymap.out
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+--
+-- Visibility map
+--
+CREATE TABLE vmtest (i INT primary key);
+INSERT INTO vmtest SELECT generate_series(1,10000);
+\set VERBOSITY terse
+-- All pages are become all-visible
+VACUUM vmtest;
+SELECT relallvisible = (pg_relation_size('vmtest') / current_setting('block_size')::int) FROM pg_class WHERE relname = 'vmtest';
+ ?column?
+----------
+ t
+(1 row)
+
+-- All pages are become all-frozen
+VACUUM FREEZE vmtest;
+SELECT relallfrozen = (pg_relation_size('vmtest') / current_setting('block_size')::int) FROM pg_class WHERE relname = 'vmtest';
+ ?column?
+----------
+ t
+(1 row)
+
+-- All pages are skipped according to VM
+VACUUM FREEZE VERBOSE vmtest;
+INFO: vacuuming "public.vmtest"
+INFO: index "vmtest_pkey" now contains 10000 row versions in 30 pages
+INFO: skipped 45 frozen pages according to visibility map
+INFO: "vmtest": found 0 removable, 0 nonremovable row versions in 0 out of 45 pages
+DROP TABLE vmtest;
diff --git a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule
index c63abf4..1d4cfdb 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule
+++ b/src/test/regress/parallel_schedule
@@ -108,5 +108,8 @@ test: plancache limit plpgsql copy2 temp domain rangefuncs prepare without_oid c
# event triggers cannot run concurrently with any test that runs DDL
test: event_trigger
+# visibility map and vacuum test cannot run concurrently with any test that runs SQL
+test: visibilitymap
+
# run stats by itself because its delay may be insufficient under heavy load
test: stats
diff --git a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule
index 88dcd64..2ecfe56 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/serial_schedule
+++ b/src/test/regress/serial_schedule
@@ -159,3 +159,4 @@ test: with
test: xml
test: event_trigger
test: stats
+test: visibilitymap
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/visibilitymap.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/visibilitymap.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..53d817e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/visibilitymap.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+--
+-- Visibility map
+--
+CREATE TABLE vmtest (i INT primary key);
+INSERT INTO vmtest SELECT generate_series(1,10000);
+
+\set VERBOSITY terse
+
+-- All pages are become all-visible
+VACUUM vmtest;
+SELECT relallvisible = (pg_relation_size('vmtest') / current_setting('block_size')::int) FROM pg_class WHERE relname = 'vmtest';
+
+-- All pages are become all-frozen
+VACUUM FREEZE vmtest;
+SELECT relallfrozen = (pg_relation_size('vmtest') / current_setting('block_size')::int) FROM pg_class WHERE relname = 'vmtest';
+
+-- All pages are skipped according to VM
+VACUUM FREEZE VERBOSE vmtest;
+
+DROP TABLE vmtest;
--
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