On 28/06/2016 04:44, Amit Kapila wrote:
> On Mon, Jun 27, 2016 at 10:35 PM, Julien Rouhaud
>>
>> There's already a pg_memory_barrier() call in
>> BackgroundWorkerStateChange(), to avoid reordering the notify_pid load.
>> Couldn't we use it to also make sure the parallel_terminate_count
>> increment happens before the slot->in_use store?
>>
>
> Yes, that is enough, as memory barrier ensures that both loads and
> stores are completed before any loads and stores that are after
> barrier.
>
>> I guess that a write
>> barrier will be needed in ForgetBacgroundWorker().
>>
>
> Yes.
>
>>>> 2.
>>>> + if (parallel && (BackgroundWorkerData->parallel_register_count -
>>>> +
>>>> BackgroundWorkerData->parallel_terminate_count) >=
>>>> +
>>>> max_parallel_workers)
>>>> + {
>>>> + LWLockRelease(BackgroundWorkerLock);
>>>> + return
>>>> false;
>>>> + }
>>>> +
>>>>
>>>> I think we need a read barrier here, so that this check doesn't get
>>>> reordered with the for loop below it.
>>
>> You mean between the end of this block and the for loop?
>>
>
> Yes.
>
>>>> Also, see if you find the code
>>>> more readable by moving the after && part of check to next line.
>>
>> I think I'll just pgindent the file.
>>
>
> make sense.
>
>
Thanks a lot for the help!
PFA v6 which should fix all the issues mentioned. Also, after second
thought I didn't add the extra hint about max_worker_processes in the
max_parallel_worker paragraph, since this line was a duplicate of the
precedent paragraph, it seemed better to leave the text as is.
--
Julien Rouhaud
http://dalibo.com - http://dalibo.org
diff --git a/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml b/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml
index a82bf06..6812b0d 100644
--- a/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml
+++ b/doc/src/sgml/config.sgml
@@ -2009,7 +2009,8 @@ include_dir 'conf.d'
Sets the maximum number of workers that can be started by a single
<literal>Gather</literal> node. Parallel workers are taken from the
pool of processes established by
- <xref linkend="guc-max-worker-processes">. Note that the requested
+ <xref linkend="guc-max-worker-processes">, limited by
+ <xref linked="guc-max-parallel-workers">. Note that the requested
number of workers may not actually be available at runtime. If this
occurs, the plan will run with fewer workers than expected, which may
be inefficient. The default value is 2. Setting this value to 0
@@ -2018,6 +2019,21 @@ include_dir 'conf.d'
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
+ <varlistentry id="guc-max-parallel-workers"
xreflabel="max_parallel_workers">
+ <term><varname>max_parallel_workers</varname> (<type>integer</type>)
+ <indexterm>
+ <primary><varname>max_parallel_workers</> configuration
parameter</primary>
+ </indexterm>
+ </term>
+ <listitem>
+ <para>
+ Sets the maximum number of workers that the system can support for
+ parallel queries. The default value is 4. Setting this value to 0
+ disables parallel query execution.
+ </para>
+ </listitem>
+ </varlistentry>
+
<varlistentry id="guc-backend-flush-after"
xreflabel="backend_flush_after">
<term><varname>backend_flush_after</varname> (<type>integer</type>)
<indexterm>
diff --git a/src/backend/access/transam/parallel.c
b/src/backend/access/transam/parallel.c
index 088700e..ea7680b 100644
--- a/src/backend/access/transam/parallel.c
+++ b/src/backend/access/transam/parallel.c
@@ -452,7 +452,8 @@ LaunchParallelWorkers(ParallelContext *pcxt)
snprintf(worker.bgw_name, BGW_MAXLEN, "parallel worker for PID %d",
MyProcPid);
worker.bgw_flags =
- BGWORKER_SHMEM_ACCESS | BGWORKER_BACKEND_DATABASE_CONNECTION;
+ BGWORKER_SHMEM_ACCESS | BGWORKER_BACKEND_DATABASE_CONNECTION
+ | BGWORKER_IS_PARALLEL_WORKER;
worker.bgw_start_time = BgWorkerStart_ConsistentState;
worker.bgw_restart_time = BGW_NEVER_RESTART;
worker.bgw_main = ParallelWorkerMain;
diff --git a/src/backend/optimizer/path/allpaths.c
b/src/backend/optimizer/path/allpaths.c
index 2e4b670..e1da5f9 100644
--- a/src/backend/optimizer/path/allpaths.c
+++ b/src/backend/optimizer/path/allpaths.c
@@ -724,9 +724,11 @@ create_plain_partial_paths(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo
*rel)
}
/*
- * In no case use more than max_parallel_workers_per_gather workers.
+ * In no case use more than max_parallel_workers or
+ * max_parallel_workers_per_gather workers.
*/
- parallel_workers = Min(parallel_workers,
max_parallel_workers_per_gather);
+ parallel_workers = Min(max_parallel_workers, Min(parallel_workers,
+ max_parallel_workers_per_gather));
/* If any limit was set to zero, the user doesn't want a parallel scan.
*/
if (parallel_workers <= 0)
diff --git a/src/backend/optimizer/path/costsize.c
b/src/backend/optimizer/path/costsize.c
index 8c1dccc..6cb2f4e 100644
--- a/src/backend/optimizer/path/costsize.c
+++ b/src/backend/optimizer/path/costsize.c
@@ -113,6 +113,7 @@ int effective_cache_size =
DEFAULT_EFFECTIVE_CACHE_SIZE;
Cost disable_cost = 1.0e10;
+int max_parallel_workers = 4;
int max_parallel_workers_per_gather = 2;
bool enable_seqscan = true;
diff --git a/src/backend/optimizer/plan/planner.c
b/src/backend/optimizer/plan/planner.c
index 070ad31..2c5c3d6 100644
--- a/src/backend/optimizer/plan/planner.c
+++ b/src/backend/optimizer/plan/planner.c
@@ -249,8 +249,9 @@ standard_planner(Query *parse, int cursorOptions,
ParamListInfo boundParams)
IsUnderPostmaster && dynamic_shared_memory_type !=
DSM_IMPL_NONE &&
parse->commandType == CMD_SELECT && !parse->hasModifyingCTE &&
parse->utilityStmt == NULL && max_parallel_workers_per_gather >
0 &&
- !IsParallelWorker() && !IsolationIsSerializable() &&
- !has_parallel_hazard((Node *) parse, true);
+ max_parallel_workers > 0 && !IsParallelWorker() &&
+ !IsolationIsSerializable() && !has_parallel_hazard((Node *)
parse,
+ true);
/*
* glob->parallelModeNeeded should tell us whether it's necessary to
diff --git a/src/backend/postmaster/bgworker.c
b/src/backend/postmaster/bgworker.c
index 382edad..f032774 100644
--- a/src/backend/postmaster/bgworker.c
+++ b/src/backend/postmaster/bgworker.c
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
#include "miscadmin.h"
#include "libpq/pqsignal.h"
+#include "optimizer/cost.h"
#include "postmaster/bgworker_internals.h"
#include "postmaster/postmaster.h"
#include "storage/barrier.h"
@@ -76,12 +77,26 @@ typedef struct BackgroundWorkerSlot
bool terminate;
pid_t pid; /* InvalidPid = not started
yet; 0 = dead */
uint64 generation; /* incremented when slot is
recycled */
+ bool parallel;
BackgroundWorker worker;
} BackgroundWorkerSlot;
+/*
+ * In order to limit the total number of parallel workers (according to
+ * max_parallel_workers GUC), we maintain the number of active parallel
+ * workers. Since the postmaster cannot take locks, two variables are used for
+ * this purpose: the number of registered parallel workers (modified by the
+ * backends, protected by BackgroundWorkerLock) and the number of terminated
+ * parallel workers (modified only by the postmaster, lockless). The active
+ * number of parallel workers is the number of registered workers minus the
+ * terminated ones. These counters can of course overlaps, but it's not
+ * important here since the substraction will still give the right number.
+ */
typedef struct BackgroundWorkerArray
{
int total_slots;
+ uint32 parallel_register_count;
+ uint32 parallel_terminate_count;
BackgroundWorkerSlot slot[FLEXIBLE_ARRAY_MEMBER];
} BackgroundWorkerArray;
@@ -126,6 +141,8 @@ BackgroundWorkerShmemInit(void)
int slotno = 0;
BackgroundWorkerData->total_slots = max_worker_processes;
+ BackgroundWorkerData->parallel_register_count = 0;
+ BackgroundWorkerData->parallel_terminate_count = 0;
/*
* Copy contents of worker list into shared memory. Record the
shared
@@ -144,6 +161,7 @@ BackgroundWorkerShmemInit(void)
slot->terminate = false;
slot->pid = InvalidPid;
slot->generation = 0;
+ slot->parallel = false;
rw->rw_shmem_slot = slotno;
rw->rw_worker.bgw_notify_pid = 0; /* might be
reinit after crash */
memcpy(&slot->worker, &rw->rw_worker,
sizeof(BackgroundWorker));
@@ -266,9 +284,12 @@ BackgroundWorkerStateChange(void)
/*
* We need a memory barrier here to make sure that the
load of
- * bgw_notify_pid completes before the store to in_use.
+ * bgw_notify_pid and the update of
parallel_terminate_count
+ * complete before the store to in_use.
*/
notify_pid = slot->worker.bgw_notify_pid;
+ if (slot->parallel)
+
BackgroundWorkerData->parallel_terminate_count++;
pg_memory_barrier();
slot->pid = 0;
slot->in_use = false;
@@ -369,6 +390,14 @@ ForgetBackgroundWorker(slist_mutable_iter *cur)
Assert(rw->rw_shmem_slot < max_worker_processes);
slot = &BackgroundWorkerData->slot[rw->rw_shmem_slot];
+ if (slot->parallel)
+ BackgroundWorkerData->parallel_terminate_count++;
+
+ /*
+ * We need a write barrier to make sure the update of
+ * parallel_terminate_count is done before the store to in_use
+ */
+ pg_write_barrier();
slot->in_use = false;
ereport(DEBUG1,
@@ -498,6 +527,28 @@ SanityCheckBackgroundWorker(BackgroundWorker *worker, int
elevel)
/* XXX other checks? */
}
+ /* sanity checks for parallel workers */
+ if ((worker->bgw_flags & BGWORKER_IS_PARALLEL_WORKER) != 0)
+ {
+ if (max_parallel_workers == 0)
+ {
+ ereport(elevel,
+
(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+ errmsg("background worker \"%s\":
cannot request parallel worker if no parallel worker allowed",
+ worker->bgw_name)));
+ return false;
+ }
+ if ((worker->bgw_flags & BGWORKER_SHMEM_ACCESS) == 0 ||
+ (worker->bgw_flags &
BGWORKER_BACKEND_DATABASE_CONNECTION) == 0)
+ {
+ ereport(elevel,
+
(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
+ errmsg("background worker \"%s\":
cannot request parallel worker without shared memory access and database
connection",
+ worker->bgw_name)));
+ return false;
+ }
+ }
+
if ((worker->bgw_restart_time < 0 &&
worker->bgw_restart_time != BGW_NEVER_RESTART) ||
(worker->bgw_restart_time > USECS_PER_DAY / 1000))
@@ -824,6 +875,7 @@ RegisterDynamicBackgroundWorker(BackgroundWorker *worker,
{
int slotno;
bool success = false;
+ bool parallel;
uint64 generation = 0;
/*
@@ -840,8 +892,24 @@ RegisterDynamicBackgroundWorker(BackgroundWorker *worker,
if (!SanityCheckBackgroundWorker(worker, ERROR))
return false;
+ parallel = ((worker->bgw_flags & BGWORKER_IS_PARALLEL_WORKER) != 0);
+
LWLockAcquire(BackgroundWorkerLock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
+ if (parallel && (BackgroundWorkerData->parallel_register_count -
+
BackgroundWorkerData->parallel_terminate_count) >=
+ max_parallel_workers)
+ {
+ LWLockRelease(BackgroundWorkerLock);
+ return false;
+ }
+
+ /*
+ * We need a memory barrier here to make sure the above test doesn't get
+ * reordered
+ */
+ pg_read_barrier();
+
/*
* Look for an unused slot. If we find one, grab it.
*/
@@ -855,7 +923,10 @@ RegisterDynamicBackgroundWorker(BackgroundWorker *worker,
slot->pid = InvalidPid; /* indicates not
started yet */
slot->generation++;
slot->terminate = false;
+ slot->parallel = parallel;
generation = slot->generation;
+ if (parallel)
+ BackgroundWorkerData->parallel_register_count++;
/*
* Make sure postmaster doesn't see the slot as in use
before it
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c b/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
index 60148b8..e051000 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
+++ b/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
@@ -2657,6 +2657,16 @@ static struct config_int ConfigureNamesInt[] =
},
{
+ {"max_parallel_workers", PGC_USERSET, RESOURCES_ASYNCHRONOUS,
+ gettext_noop("Sets the maximum number of parallel
processes for the cluster."),
+ NULL
+ },
+ &max_parallel_workers,
+ 4, 0, 1024,
+ NULL, NULL, NULL
+ },
+
+ {
{"autovacuum_work_mem", PGC_SIGHUP, RESOURCES_MEM,
gettext_noop("Sets the maximum memory to be used by
each autovacuum worker process."),
NULL,
diff --git a/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
b/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
index 3fa0540..3ff996f 100644
--- a/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
+++ b/src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
@@ -168,6 +168,7 @@
#effective_io_concurrency = 1 # 1-1000; 0 disables prefetching
#max_worker_processes = 8 # (change requires restart)
#max_parallel_workers_per_gather = 2 # taken from max_worker_processes
+#max_parallel_workers = 4 # total maximum number of worker_processes
#old_snapshot_threshold = -1 # 1min-60d; -1 disables; 0 is immediate
#
(change requires restart)
#backend_flush_after = 0 # 0 disables, default is 0
diff --git a/src/include/optimizer/cost.h b/src/include/optimizer/cost.h
index 2a4df2f..190f33b 100644
--- a/src/include/optimizer/cost.h
+++ b/src/include/optimizer/cost.h
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ extern PGDLLIMPORT double parallel_setup_cost;
extern PGDLLIMPORT int effective_cache_size;
extern Cost disable_cost;
extern int max_parallel_workers_per_gather;
+extern int max_parallel_workers;
extern bool enable_seqscan;
extern bool enable_indexscan;
extern bool enable_indexonlyscan;
diff --git a/src/include/postmaster/bgworker.h
b/src/include/postmaster/bgworker.h
index b6889a3..4236e37 100644
--- a/src/include/postmaster/bgworker.h
+++ b/src/include/postmaster/bgworker.h
@@ -58,6 +58,14 @@
*/
#define BGWORKER_BACKEND_DATABASE_CONNECTION 0x0002
+/*
+ * This flag is used internally for parallel queries, to keep track of the
+ * number of active parallel workers and make sure we never launch more than
+ * max_parallel_workers parallel workers at the same time. Third party
+ * background workers should not use this flag.
+ */
+#define BGWORKER_IS_PARALLEL_WORKER 0x0004
+
typedef void (*bgworker_main_type) (Datum main_arg);
--
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