Greetings,

As outlined in the commit message, this adds support for restrictive RLS
policies.  We've had this in the backend since 9.5, but they were only
available via hooks and therefore extensions.  This adds support for
them to be configured through regular DDL commands.  These policies are,
essentially "AND"d instead of "OR"d.

Includes updates to the catalog, grammer, psql, pg_dump, and regression
tests.  Documentation will be added soon, but until then, would be great
to get feedback on the grammer, catalog and code changes.

Thanks!

Stephen
From f4195e9c109d8323266419e487eed2b4cbaafdef Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Stephen Frost <sfr...@snowman.net>
Date: Thu, 1 Sep 2016 02:11:30 -0400
Subject: [PATCH] Add support for restrictive RLS policies

We have had support for restrictive RLS policies since 9.5, but they
were only available through extensions which use the appropriate hooks.
This adds support into the grammer, catalog, psql and pg_dump for
restrictive RLS policies, thus reducing the cases where an extension is
necessary.
---
 src/backend/commands/policy.c             |   9 ++
 src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c             |   1 +
 src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c            |   1 +
 src/backend/parser/gram.y                 |  15 +++
 src/backend/rewrite/rowsecurity.c         |   7 +-
 src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dump.c                 |  39 ++++--
 src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dump.h                 |   1 +
 src/bin/psql/describe.c                   | 109 ++++++++++++----
 src/bin/psql/tab-complete.c               |   1 +
 src/include/catalog/pg_policy.h           |  16 ++-
 src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h            |   1 +
 src/include/rewrite/rowsecurity.h         |   1 +
 src/test/regress/expected/rowsecurity.out | 207 ++++++++++++++++++++++--------
 src/test/regress/sql/rowsecurity.sql      |  22 +++-
 14 files changed, 332 insertions(+), 98 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/backend/commands/policy.c b/src/backend/commands/policy.c
index d694cf8..70e22c1 100644
--- a/src/backend/commands/policy.c
+++ b/src/backend/commands/policy.c
@@ -235,6 +235,7 @@ RelationBuildRowSecurity(Relation relation)
 		{
 			Datum		value_datum;
 			char		cmd_value;
+			bool		permissive_value;
 			Datum		roles_datum;
 			char	   *qual_value;
 			Expr	   *qual_expr;
@@ -257,6 +258,12 @@ RelationBuildRowSecurity(Relation relation)
 			Assert(!isnull);
 			cmd_value = DatumGetChar(value_datum);
 
+			/* Get policy permissive or restrictive */
+			value_datum = heap_getattr(tuple, Anum_pg_policy_polpermissive,
+									   RelationGetDescr(catalog), &isnull);
+			Assert(!isnull);
+			permissive_value = DatumGetBool(value_datum);
+
 			/* Get policy name */
 			value_datum = heap_getattr(tuple, Anum_pg_policy_polname,
 									   RelationGetDescr(catalog), &isnull);
@@ -298,6 +305,7 @@ RelationBuildRowSecurity(Relation relation)
 			policy = palloc0(sizeof(RowSecurityPolicy));
 			policy->policy_name = pstrdup(policy_name_value);
 			policy->polcmd = cmd_value;
+			policy->permissive = permissive_value;
 			policy->roles = DatumGetArrayTypePCopy(roles_datum);
 			policy->qual = copyObject(qual_expr);
 			policy->with_check_qual = copyObject(with_check_qual);
@@ -796,6 +804,7 @@ CreatePolicy(CreatePolicyStmt *stmt)
 	values[Anum_pg_policy_polname - 1] = DirectFunctionCall1(namein,
 										 CStringGetDatum(stmt->policy_name));
 	values[Anum_pg_policy_polcmd - 1] = CharGetDatum(polcmd);
+	values[Anum_pg_policy_polpermissive - 1] = BoolGetDatum(stmt->permissive);
 	values[Anum_pg_policy_polroles - 1] = PointerGetDatum(role_ids);
 
 	/* Add qual if present. */
diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c
index 1877fb4..4fc9525 100644
--- a/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c
+++ b/src/backend/nodes/copyfuncs.c
@@ -4150,6 +4150,7 @@ _copyCreatePolicyStmt(const CreatePolicyStmt *from)
 	COPY_STRING_FIELD(policy_name);
 	COPY_NODE_FIELD(table);
 	COPY_STRING_FIELD(cmd_name);
+	COPY_SCALAR_FIELD(permissive);
 	COPY_NODE_FIELD(roles);
 	COPY_NODE_FIELD(qual);
 	COPY_NODE_FIELD(with_check);
diff --git a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c
index 448e1a9..3e4e15b 100644
--- a/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c
+++ b/src/backend/nodes/equalfuncs.c
@@ -2122,6 +2122,7 @@ _equalCreatePolicyStmt(const CreatePolicyStmt *a, const CreatePolicyStmt *b)
 	COMPARE_STRING_FIELD(policy_name);
 	COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(table);
 	COMPARE_STRING_FIELD(cmd_name);
+	COMPARE_SCALAR_FIELD(permissive);
 	COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(roles);
 	COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(qual);
 	COMPARE_NODE_FIELD(with_check);
diff --git a/src/backend/parser/gram.y b/src/backend/parser/gram.y
index cb5cfc4..a79a1e6 100644
--- a/src/backend/parser/gram.y
+++ b/src/backend/parser/gram.y
@@ -4633,11 +4633,26 @@ CreatePolicyStmt:
 					n->policy_name = $3;
 					n->table = $5;
 					n->cmd_name = $6;
+					n->permissive = true;
 					n->roles = $7;
 					n->qual = $8;
 					n->with_check = $9;
 					$$ = (Node *) n;
 				}
+			| CREATE RESTRICT POLICY name ON qualified_name RowSecurityDefaultForCmd
+				RowSecurityDefaultToRole RowSecurityOptionalExpr
+				RowSecurityOptionalWithCheck
+				{
+					CreatePolicyStmt *n = makeNode(CreatePolicyStmt);
+					n->policy_name = $4;
+					n->table = $6;
+					n->cmd_name = $7;
+					n->permissive = false;
+					n->roles = $8;
+					n->qual = $9;
+					n->with_check = $10;
+					$$ = (Node *) n;
+				}
 		;
 
 AlterPolicyStmt:
diff --git a/src/backend/rewrite/rowsecurity.c b/src/backend/rewrite/rowsecurity.c
index e029116..eebe909 100644
--- a/src/backend/rewrite/rowsecurity.c
+++ b/src/backend/rewrite/rowsecurity.c
@@ -433,7 +433,12 @@ get_policies_for_relation(Relation relation, CmdType cmd, Oid user_id,
 		 * the specified role.
 		 */
 		if (cmd_matches && check_role_for_policy(policy->roles, user_id))
-			*permissive_policies = lappend(*permissive_policies, policy);
+		{
+			if (policy->permissive)
+				*permissive_policies = lappend(*permissive_policies, policy);
+			else
+				*restrictive_policies = lappend(*restrictive_policies, policy);
+		}
 	}
 
 	/*
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dump.c b/src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dump.c
index a5c2d09..c91d0b0 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dump.c
+++ b/src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dump.c
@@ -3088,6 +3088,7 @@ getPolicies(Archive *fout, TableInfo tblinfo[], int numTables)
 	int			i_tableoid;
 	int			i_polname;
 	int			i_polcmd;
+	int			i_polpermissive;
 	int			i_polroles;
 	int			i_polqual;
 	int			i_polwithcheck;
@@ -3134,6 +3135,7 @@ getPolicies(Archive *fout, TableInfo tblinfo[], int numTables)
 			polinfo->poltable = tbinfo;
 			polinfo->polname = NULL;
 			polinfo->polcmd = NULL;
+			polinfo->polpermissive = NULL;
 			polinfo->polroles = NULL;
 			polinfo->polqual = NULL;
 			polinfo->polwithcheck = NULL;
@@ -3152,15 +3154,26 @@ getPolicies(Archive *fout, TableInfo tblinfo[], int numTables)
 		resetPQExpBuffer(query);
 
 		/* Get the policies for the table. */
-		appendPQExpBuffer(query,
-						  "SELECT oid, tableoid, pol.polname, pol.polcmd, "
-						  "CASE WHEN pol.polroles = '{0}' THEN 'PUBLIC' ELSE "
-						  "   pg_catalog.array_to_string(ARRAY(SELECT pg_catalog.quote_ident(rolname) from pg_catalog.pg_roles WHERE oid = ANY(pol.polroles)), ', ') END AS polroles, "
-			 "pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pol.polqual, pol.polrelid) AS polqual, "
-						  "pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pol.polwithcheck, pol.polrelid) AS polwithcheck "
-						  "FROM pg_catalog.pg_policy pol "
-						  "WHERE polrelid = '%u'",
-						  tbinfo->dobj.catId.oid);
+		if (fout->remoteVersion >= 100000)
+			appendPQExpBuffer(query,
+							  "SELECT oid, tableoid, pol.polname, pol.polcmd, pol.polpermissive, "
+							  "CASE WHEN pol.polroles = '{0}' THEN 'PUBLIC' ELSE "
+							  "   pg_catalog.array_to_string(ARRAY(SELECT pg_catalog.quote_ident(rolname) from pg_catalog.pg_roles WHERE oid = ANY(pol.polroles)), ', ') END AS polroles, "
+				 "pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pol.polqual, pol.polrelid) AS polqual, "
+							  "pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pol.polwithcheck, pol.polrelid) AS polwithcheck "
+							  "FROM pg_catalog.pg_policy pol "
+							  "WHERE polrelid = '%u'",
+							  tbinfo->dobj.catId.oid);
+		else
+			appendPQExpBuffer(query,
+							  "SELECT oid, tableoid, pol.polname, pol.polcmd, 't' as polpermissive, "
+							  "CASE WHEN pol.polroles = '{0}' THEN 'PUBLIC' ELSE "
+							  "   pg_catalog.array_to_string(ARRAY(SELECT pg_catalog.quote_ident(rolname) from pg_catalog.pg_roles WHERE oid = ANY(pol.polroles)), ', ') END AS polroles, "
+				 "pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pol.polqual, pol.polrelid) AS polqual, "
+							  "pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pol.polwithcheck, pol.polrelid) AS polwithcheck "
+							  "FROM pg_catalog.pg_policy pol "
+							  "WHERE polrelid = '%u'",
+							  tbinfo->dobj.catId.oid);
 		res = ExecuteSqlQuery(fout, query->data, PGRES_TUPLES_OK);
 
 		ntups = PQntuples(res);
@@ -3180,6 +3193,7 @@ getPolicies(Archive *fout, TableInfo tblinfo[], int numTables)
 		i_tableoid = PQfnumber(res, "tableoid");
 		i_polname = PQfnumber(res, "polname");
 		i_polcmd = PQfnumber(res, "polcmd");
+		i_polpermissive = PQfnumber(res, "polpermissive");
 		i_polroles = PQfnumber(res, "polroles");
 		i_polqual = PQfnumber(res, "polqual");
 		i_polwithcheck = PQfnumber(res, "polwithcheck");
@@ -3199,6 +3213,7 @@ getPolicies(Archive *fout, TableInfo tblinfo[], int numTables)
 			polinfo[j].dobj.name = pg_strdup(polinfo[j].polname);
 
 			polinfo[j].polcmd = pg_strdup(PQgetvalue(res, j, i_polcmd));
+			polinfo[j].polpermissive = pg_strdup(PQgetvalue(res, j, i_polpermissive));
 			polinfo[j].polroles = pg_strdup(PQgetvalue(res, j, i_polroles));
 
 			if (PQgetisnull(res, j, i_polqual))
@@ -3281,7 +3296,11 @@ dumpPolicy(Archive *fout, PolicyInfo *polinfo)
 	query = createPQExpBuffer();
 	delqry = createPQExpBuffer();
 
-	appendPQExpBuffer(query, "CREATE POLICY %s", fmtId(polinfo->polname));
+	if (strcmp(polinfo->polpermissive,"t") == 0)
+		appendPQExpBuffer(query, "CREATE POLICY %s", fmtId(polinfo->polname));
+	else
+		appendPQExpBuffer(query, "CREATE RESTRICT POLICY %s", fmtId(polinfo->polname));
+
 	appendPQExpBuffer(query, " ON %s FOR %s", fmtId(tbinfo->dobj.name), cmd);
 
 	if (polinfo->polroles != NULL)
diff --git a/src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dump.h b/src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dump.h
index 2bfa2d9..eb0563f 100644
--- a/src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dump.h
+++ b/src/bin/pg_dump/pg_dump.h
@@ -548,6 +548,7 @@ typedef struct _policyInfo
 	TableInfo  *poltable;
 	char	   *polname;		/* null indicates RLS is enabled on rel */
 	char	   *polcmd;
+	char	   *polpermissive;
 	char	   *polroles;
 	char	   *polqual;
 	char	   *polwithcheck;
diff --git a/src/bin/psql/describe.c b/src/bin/psql/describe.c
index 6275a68..fab4bff 100644
--- a/src/bin/psql/describe.c
+++ b/src/bin/psql/describe.c
@@ -887,7 +887,7 @@ permissionsList(const char *pattern)
 						  "  ), E'\\n') AS \"%s\"",
 						  gettext_noop("Column privileges"));
 
-	if (pset.sversion >= 90500)
+	if (pset.sversion >= 90500 && pset.sversion < 100000)
 		appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
 						  ",\n  pg_catalog.array_to_string(ARRAY(\n"
 						  "    SELECT polname\n"
@@ -918,6 +918,40 @@ permissionsList(const char *pattern)
 						  "    AS \"%s\"",
 						  gettext_noop("Policies"));
 
+	if (pset.sversion >= 100000)
+		appendPQExpBuffer(&buf,
+						  ",\n  pg_catalog.array_to_string(ARRAY(\n"
+						  "    SELECT polname\n"
+						  "    || CASE WHEN polcmd != '*' THEN\n"
+						  "           E' (' || polcmd || E'):'\n"
+						  "       ELSE E':' \n"
+						  "       END\n"
+						  "    || CASE WHEN NOT polpermissive THEN\n"
+						  "       E' (RESTRICT)'\n"
+						  "       ELSE '' END\n"
+						  "    || CASE WHEN polqual IS NOT NULL THEN\n"
+						  "           E'\\n  (u): ' || pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(polqual, polrelid)\n"
+						  "       ELSE E''\n"
+						  "       END\n"
+						  "    || CASE WHEN polwithcheck IS NOT NULL THEN\n"
+						  "           E'\\n  (c): ' || pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(polwithcheck, polrelid)\n"
+						  "       ELSE E''\n"
+						  "       END"
+						  "    || CASE WHEN polroles <> '{0}' THEN\n"
+				   "           E'\\n  to: ' || pg_catalog.array_to_string(\n"
+						  "               ARRAY(\n"
+						  "                   SELECT rolname\n"
+						  "                   FROM pg_catalog.pg_roles\n"
+						  "                   WHERE oid = ANY (polroles)\n"
+						  "                   ORDER BY 1\n"
+						  "               ), E', ')\n"
+						  "       ELSE E''\n"
+						  "       END\n"
+						  "    FROM pg_catalog.pg_policy pol\n"
+						  "    WHERE polrelid = c.oid), E'\\n')\n"
+						  "    AS \"%s\"",
+						  gettext_noop("Policies"));
+
 	appendPQExpBufferStr(&buf, "\nFROM pg_catalog.pg_class c\n"
 	   "     LEFT JOIN pg_catalog.pg_namespace n ON n.oid = c.relnamespace\n"
 						 "WHERE c.relkind IN ('r', 'v', 'm', 'S', 'f')\n");
@@ -2136,21 +2170,38 @@ describeOneTableDetails(const char *schemaname,
 		/* print any row-level policies */
 		if (pset.sversion >= 90500)
 		{
-			printfPQExpBuffer(&buf,
-							  "SELECT pol.polname,\n"
-							  "CASE WHEN pol.polroles = '{0}' THEN NULL ELSE array_to_string(array(select rolname from pg_roles where oid = any (pol.polroles) order by 1),',') END,\n"
-					   "pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pol.polqual, pol.polrelid),\n"
-				  "pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pol.polwithcheck, pol.polrelid),\n"
-							  "CASE pol.polcmd \n"
-							  "WHEN 'r' THEN 'SELECT'\n"
-							  "WHEN 'a' THEN 'INSERT'\n"
-							  "WHEN 'w' THEN 'UPDATE'\n"
-							  "WHEN 'd' THEN 'DELETE'\n"
-							  "WHEN '*' THEN 'ALL'\n"
-							  "END AS cmd\n"
-							  "FROM pg_catalog.pg_policy pol\n"
-							  "WHERE pol.polrelid = '%s' ORDER BY 1;",
-							  oid);
+			if (pset.sversion >= 100000)
+				printfPQExpBuffer(&buf,
+								  "SELECT pol.polname, pol.polpermissive,\n"
+								  "CASE WHEN pol.polroles = '{0}' THEN NULL ELSE array_to_string(array(select rolname from pg_roles where oid = any (pol.polroles) order by 1),',') END,\n"
+						   "pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pol.polqual, pol.polrelid),\n"
+					  "pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pol.polwithcheck, pol.polrelid),\n"
+								  "CASE pol.polcmd \n"
+								  "WHEN 'r' THEN 'SELECT'\n"
+								  "WHEN 'a' THEN 'INSERT'\n"
+								  "WHEN 'w' THEN 'UPDATE'\n"
+								  "WHEN 'd' THEN 'DELETE'\n"
+								  "WHEN '*' THEN 'ALL'\n"
+								  "END AS cmd\n"
+								  "FROM pg_catalog.pg_policy pol\n"
+								  "WHERE pol.polrelid = '%s' ORDER BY 1;",
+								  oid);
+			else
+				printfPQExpBuffer(&buf,
+								  "SELECT pol.polname, 't' as polpermissive,\n"
+								  "CASE WHEN pol.polroles = '{0}' THEN NULL ELSE array_to_string(array(select rolname from pg_roles where oid = any (pol.polroles) order by 1),',') END,\n"
+						   "pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pol.polqual, pol.polrelid),\n"
+					  "pg_catalog.pg_get_expr(pol.polwithcheck, pol.polrelid),\n"
+								  "CASE pol.polcmd \n"
+								  "WHEN 'r' THEN 'SELECT'\n"
+								  "WHEN 'a' THEN 'INSERT'\n"
+								  "WHEN 'w' THEN 'UPDATE'\n"
+								  "WHEN 'd' THEN 'DELETE'\n"
+								  "WHEN '*' THEN 'ALL'\n"
+								  "END AS cmd\n"
+								  "FROM pg_catalog.pg_policy pol\n"
+								  "WHERE pol.polrelid = '%s' ORDER BY 1;",
+								  oid);
 
 			result = PSQLexec(buf.data);
 			if (!result)
@@ -2181,26 +2232,32 @@ describeOneTableDetails(const char *schemaname,
 			/* Might be an empty set - that's ok */
 			for (i = 0; i < tuples; i++)
 			{
-				printfPQExpBuffer(&buf, "    POLICY \"%s\"",
-								  PQgetvalue(result, i, 0));
+				char   *polpermissive = PQgetvalue(result, i, 1);
 
-				if (!PQgetisnull(result, i, 4))
+				if (strcmp(polpermissive,"t") == 0)
+					printfPQExpBuffer(&buf, "    POLICY \"%s\"",
+									  PQgetvalue(result, i, 0));
+				else
+					printfPQExpBuffer(&buf, "    RESTRICT POLICY \"%s\"",
+									  PQgetvalue(result, i, 0));
+
+				if (!PQgetisnull(result, i, 5))
 					appendPQExpBuffer(&buf, " FOR %s",
-									  PQgetvalue(result, i, 4));
+									  PQgetvalue(result, i, 5));
 
-				if (!PQgetisnull(result, i, 1))
+				if (!PQgetisnull(result, i, 2))
 				{
 					appendPQExpBuffer(&buf, "\n      TO %s",
-									  PQgetvalue(result, i, 1));
+									  PQgetvalue(result, i, 2));
 				}
 
-				if (!PQgetisnull(result, i, 2))
+				if (!PQgetisnull(result, i, 3))
 					appendPQExpBuffer(&buf, "\n      USING (%s)",
-									  PQgetvalue(result, i, 2));
+									  PQgetvalue(result, i, 3));
 
-				if (!PQgetisnull(result, i, 3))
+				if (!PQgetisnull(result, i, 4))
 					appendPQExpBuffer(&buf, "\n      WITH CHECK (%s)",
-									  PQgetvalue(result, i, 3));
+									  PQgetvalue(result, i, 4));
 
 				printTableAddFooter(&cont, buf.data);
 
diff --git a/src/bin/psql/tab-complete.c b/src/bin/psql/tab-complete.c
index 1345e4e..a3f28a0 100644
--- a/src/bin/psql/tab-complete.c
+++ b/src/bin/psql/tab-complete.c
@@ -913,6 +913,7 @@ static const pgsql_thing_t words_after_create[] = {
 	{"OWNED", NULL, NULL, THING_NO_CREATE},		/* for DROP OWNED BY ... */
 	{"PARSER", Query_for_list_of_ts_parsers, NULL, THING_NO_SHOW},
 	{"POLICY", NULL, NULL},
+	{"RESTRICT POLICY", NULL, NULL},
 	{"ROLE", Query_for_list_of_roles},
 	{"RULE", "SELECT pg_catalog.quote_ident(rulename) FROM pg_catalog.pg_rules WHERE substring(pg_catalog.quote_ident(rulename),1,%d)='%s'"},
 	{"SCHEMA", Query_for_list_of_schemas},
diff --git a/src/include/catalog/pg_policy.h b/src/include/catalog/pg_policy.h
index d73e9c2..30dc367 100644
--- a/src/include/catalog/pg_policy.h
+++ b/src/include/catalog/pg_policy.h
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ CATALOG(pg_policy,3256)
 	NameData	polname;		/* Policy name. */
 	Oid			polrelid;		/* Oid of the relation with policy. */
 	char		polcmd;			/* One of ACL_*_CHR, or '*' for all */
+	bool		polpermissive;	/* restrictive or permissive policy */
 
 #ifdef CATALOG_VARLEN
 	Oid			polroles[1];	/* Roles associated with policy, not-NULL */
@@ -42,12 +43,13 @@ typedef FormData_pg_policy *Form_pg_policy;
  *		compiler constants for pg_policy
  * ----------------
  */
-#define Natts_pg_policy				6
-#define Anum_pg_policy_polname		1
-#define Anum_pg_policy_polrelid		2
-#define Anum_pg_policy_polcmd		3
-#define Anum_pg_policy_polroles		4
-#define Anum_pg_policy_polqual		5
-#define Anum_pg_policy_polwithcheck 6
+#define Natts_pg_policy					6
+#define Anum_pg_policy_polname			1
+#define Anum_pg_policy_polrelid			2
+#define Anum_pg_policy_polcmd			3
+#define Anum_pg_policy_polpermissive	4
+#define Anum_pg_policy_polroles			5
+#define Anum_pg_policy_polqual			6
+#define Anum_pg_policy_polwithcheck 	7
 
 #endif   /* PG_POLICY_H */
diff --git a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h
index 1481fff..028ebd9 100644
--- a/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h
+++ b/src/include/nodes/parsenodes.h
@@ -2053,6 +2053,7 @@ typedef struct CreatePolicyStmt
 	char	   *policy_name;	/* Policy's name */
 	RangeVar   *table;			/* the table name the policy applies to */
 	char	   *cmd_name;		/* the command name the policy applies to */
+	bool		permissive;		/* restrictive or permissive policy */
 	List	   *roles;			/* the roles associated with the policy */
 	Node	   *qual;			/* the policy's condition */
 	Node	   *with_check;		/* the policy's WITH CHECK condition. */
diff --git a/src/include/rewrite/rowsecurity.h b/src/include/rewrite/rowsecurity.h
index fd0cbaff..2f3db8c 100644
--- a/src/include/rewrite/rowsecurity.h
+++ b/src/include/rewrite/rowsecurity.h
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ typedef struct RowSecurityPolicy
 	char	   *policy_name;	/* Name of the policy */
 	char		polcmd;			/* Type of command policy is for */
 	ArrayType  *roles;			/* Array of roles policy is for */
+	bool		permissive;		/* restrictive or permissive policy */
 	Expr	   *qual;			/* Expression to filter rows */
 	Expr	   *with_check_qual;	/* Expression to limit rows allowed */
 	bool		hassublinks;	/* If either expression has sublinks */
diff --git a/src/test/regress/expected/rowsecurity.out b/src/test/regress/expected/rowsecurity.out
index abfee92..a960b23 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/expected/rowsecurity.out
+++ b/src/test/regress/expected/rowsecurity.out
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ SET client_min_messages TO 'warning';
 DROP USER IF EXISTS regress_rls_alice;
 DROP USER IF EXISTS regress_rls_bob;
 DROP USER IF EXISTS regress_rls_carol;
+DROP USER IF EXISTS regress_rls_dave;
 DROP USER IF EXISTS regress_rls_exempt_user;
 DROP ROLE IF EXISTS regress_rls_group1;
 DROP ROLE IF EXISTS regress_rls_group2;
@@ -16,6 +17,7 @@ RESET client_min_messages;
 CREATE USER regress_rls_alice NOLOGIN;
 CREATE USER regress_rls_bob NOLOGIN;
 CREATE USER regress_rls_carol NOLOGIN;
+CREATE USER regress_rls_dave NOLOGIN;
 CREATE USER regress_rls_exempt_user BYPASSRLS NOLOGIN;
 CREATE ROLE regress_rls_group1 NOLOGIN;
 CREATE ROLE regress_rls_group2 NOLOGIN;
@@ -67,11 +69,16 @@ INSERT INTO document VALUES
     ( 5, 44, 2, 'regress_rls_bob', 'my second manga'),
     ( 6, 22, 1, 'regress_rls_carol', 'great science fiction'),
     ( 7, 33, 2, 'regress_rls_carol', 'great technology book'),
-    ( 8, 44, 1, 'regress_rls_carol', 'great manga');
+    ( 8, 44, 1, 'regress_rls_carol', 'great manga'),
+    ( 9, 22, 1, 'regress_rls_dave', 'awseome science fiction'),
+    (10, 33, 2, 'regress_rls_dave', 'awseome technology book');
 ALTER TABLE document ENABLE ROW LEVEL SECURITY;
 -- user's security level must be higher than or equal to document's
 CREATE POLICY p1 ON document
     USING (dlevel <= (SELECT seclv FROM uaccount WHERE pguser = current_user));
+-- but Dave isn't allowed to see manga documents
+CREATE RESTRICT POLICY p1r ON document TO regress_rls_dave
+    USING (cid <> 44);
 -- viewpoint from regress_rls_bob
 SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_rls_bob;
 SET row_security TO ON;
@@ -80,26 +87,30 @@ NOTICE:  f_leak => my first novel
 NOTICE:  f_leak => my first manga
 NOTICE:  f_leak => great science fiction
 NOTICE:  f_leak => great manga
- did | cid | dlevel |      dauthor      |        dtitle         
------+-----+--------+-------------------+-----------------------
+NOTICE:  f_leak => awseome science fiction
+ did | cid | dlevel |      dauthor      |         dtitle          
+-----+-----+--------+-------------------+-------------------------
    1 |  11 |      1 | regress_rls_bob   | my first novel
    4 |  44 |      1 | regress_rls_bob   | my first manga
    6 |  22 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great science fiction
    8 |  44 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great manga
-(4 rows)
+   9 |  22 |      1 | regress_rls_dave  | awseome science fiction
+(5 rows)
 
 SELECT * FROM document NATURAL JOIN category WHERE f_leak(dtitle) ORDER BY did;
 NOTICE:  f_leak => my first novel
 NOTICE:  f_leak => my first manga
 NOTICE:  f_leak => great science fiction
 NOTICE:  f_leak => great manga
- cid | did | dlevel |      dauthor      |        dtitle         |      cname      
------+-----+--------+-------------------+-----------------------+-----------------
-  11 |   1 |      1 | regress_rls_bob   | my first novel        | novel
-  44 |   4 |      1 | regress_rls_bob   | my first manga        | manga
-  22 |   6 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great science fiction | science fiction
-  44 |   8 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great manga           | manga
-(4 rows)
+NOTICE:  f_leak => awseome science fiction
+ cid | did | dlevel |      dauthor      |         dtitle          |      cname      
+-----+-----+--------+-------------------+-------------------------+-----------------
+  11 |   1 |      1 | regress_rls_bob   | my first novel          | novel
+  44 |   4 |      1 | regress_rls_bob   | my first manga          | manga
+  22 |   6 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great science fiction   | science fiction
+  44 |   8 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great manga             | manga
+  22 |   9 |      1 | regress_rls_dave  | awseome science fiction | science fiction
+(5 rows)
 
 -- try a sampled version
 SELECT * FROM document TABLESAMPLE BERNOULLI(50) REPEATABLE(0)
@@ -107,12 +118,14 @@ SELECT * FROM document TABLESAMPLE BERNOULLI(50) REPEATABLE(0)
 NOTICE:  f_leak => my first manga
 NOTICE:  f_leak => great science fiction
 NOTICE:  f_leak => great manga
- did | cid | dlevel |      dauthor      |        dtitle         
------+-----+--------+-------------------+-----------------------
+NOTICE:  f_leak => awseome science fiction
+ did | cid | dlevel |      dauthor      |         dtitle          
+-----+-----+--------+-------------------+-------------------------
    4 |  44 |      1 | regress_rls_bob   | my first manga
    6 |  22 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great science fiction
    8 |  44 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great manga
-(3 rows)
+   9 |  22 |      1 | regress_rls_dave  | awseome science fiction
+(4 rows)
 
 -- viewpoint from regress_rls_carol
 SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_rls_carol;
@@ -125,8 +138,10 @@ NOTICE:  f_leak => my second manga
 NOTICE:  f_leak => great science fiction
 NOTICE:  f_leak => great technology book
 NOTICE:  f_leak => great manga
- did | cid | dlevel |      dauthor      |        dtitle         
------+-----+--------+-------------------+-----------------------
+NOTICE:  f_leak => awseome science fiction
+NOTICE:  f_leak => awseome technology book
+ did | cid | dlevel |      dauthor      |         dtitle          
+-----+-----+--------+-------------------+-------------------------
    1 |  11 |      1 | regress_rls_bob   | my first novel
    2 |  11 |      2 | regress_rls_bob   | my second novel
    3 |  22 |      2 | regress_rls_bob   | my science fiction
@@ -135,7 +150,9 @@ NOTICE:  f_leak => great manga
    6 |  22 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great science fiction
    7 |  33 |      2 | regress_rls_carol | great technology book
    8 |  44 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great manga
-(8 rows)
+   9 |  22 |      1 | regress_rls_dave  | awseome science fiction
+  10 |  33 |      2 | regress_rls_dave  | awseome technology book
+(10 rows)
 
 SELECT * FROM document NATURAL JOIN category WHERE f_leak(dtitle) ORDER BY did;
 NOTICE:  f_leak => my first novel
@@ -146,17 +163,21 @@ NOTICE:  f_leak => my second manga
 NOTICE:  f_leak => great science fiction
 NOTICE:  f_leak => great technology book
 NOTICE:  f_leak => great manga
- cid | did | dlevel |      dauthor      |        dtitle         |      cname      
------+-----+--------+-------------------+-----------------------+-----------------
-  11 |   1 |      1 | regress_rls_bob   | my first novel        | novel
-  11 |   2 |      2 | regress_rls_bob   | my second novel       | novel
-  22 |   3 |      2 | regress_rls_bob   | my science fiction    | science fiction
-  44 |   4 |      1 | regress_rls_bob   | my first manga        | manga
-  44 |   5 |      2 | regress_rls_bob   | my second manga       | manga
-  22 |   6 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great science fiction | science fiction
-  33 |   7 |      2 | regress_rls_carol | great technology book | technology
-  44 |   8 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great manga           | manga
-(8 rows)
+NOTICE:  f_leak => awseome science fiction
+NOTICE:  f_leak => awseome technology book
+ cid | did | dlevel |      dauthor      |         dtitle          |      cname      
+-----+-----+--------+-------------------+-------------------------+-----------------
+  11 |   1 |      1 | regress_rls_bob   | my first novel          | novel
+  11 |   2 |      2 | regress_rls_bob   | my second novel         | novel
+  22 |   3 |      2 | regress_rls_bob   | my science fiction      | science fiction
+  44 |   4 |      1 | regress_rls_bob   | my first manga          | manga
+  44 |   5 |      2 | regress_rls_bob   | my second manga         | manga
+  22 |   6 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great science fiction   | science fiction
+  33 |   7 |      2 | regress_rls_carol | great technology book   | technology
+  44 |   8 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great manga             | manga
+  22 |   9 |      1 | regress_rls_dave  | awseome science fiction | science fiction
+  33 |  10 |      2 | regress_rls_dave  | awseome technology book | technology
+(10 rows)
 
 -- try a sampled version
 SELECT * FROM document TABLESAMPLE BERNOULLI(50) REPEATABLE(0)
@@ -165,13 +186,15 @@ NOTICE:  f_leak => my first manga
 NOTICE:  f_leak => my second manga
 NOTICE:  f_leak => great science fiction
 NOTICE:  f_leak => great manga
- did | cid | dlevel |      dauthor      |        dtitle         
------+-----+--------+-------------------+-----------------------
+NOTICE:  f_leak => awseome science fiction
+ did | cid | dlevel |      dauthor      |         dtitle          
+-----+-----+--------+-------------------+-------------------------
    4 |  44 |      1 | regress_rls_bob   | my first manga
    5 |  44 |      2 | regress_rls_bob   | my second manga
    6 |  22 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great science fiction
    8 |  44 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great manga
-(4 rows)
+   9 |  22 |      1 | regress_rls_dave  | awseome science fiction
+(5 rows)
 
 EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM document WHERE f_leak(dtitle);
                         QUERY PLAN                        
@@ -201,6 +224,74 @@ EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM document NATURAL JOIN category WHERE f_leak(dt
                              Index Cond: (pguser = CURRENT_USER)
 (11 rows)
 
+-- viewpoint from regress_rls_dave
+SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_rls_dave;
+SELECT * FROM document WHERE f_leak(dtitle) ORDER BY did;
+NOTICE:  f_leak => my first novel
+NOTICE:  f_leak => my second novel
+NOTICE:  f_leak => my science fiction
+NOTICE:  f_leak => great science fiction
+NOTICE:  f_leak => great technology book
+NOTICE:  f_leak => awseome science fiction
+NOTICE:  f_leak => awseome technology book
+ did | cid | dlevel |      dauthor      |         dtitle          
+-----+-----+--------+-------------------+-------------------------
+   1 |  11 |      1 | regress_rls_bob   | my first novel
+   2 |  11 |      2 | regress_rls_bob   | my second novel
+   3 |  22 |      2 | regress_rls_bob   | my science fiction
+   6 |  22 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great science fiction
+   7 |  33 |      2 | regress_rls_carol | great technology book
+   9 |  22 |      1 | regress_rls_dave  | awseome science fiction
+  10 |  33 |      2 | regress_rls_dave  | awseome technology book
+(7 rows)
+
+SELECT * FROM document NATURAL JOIN category WHERE f_leak(dtitle) ORDER BY did;
+NOTICE:  f_leak => my first novel
+NOTICE:  f_leak => my second novel
+NOTICE:  f_leak => my science fiction
+NOTICE:  f_leak => great science fiction
+NOTICE:  f_leak => great technology book
+NOTICE:  f_leak => awseome science fiction
+NOTICE:  f_leak => awseome technology book
+ cid | did | dlevel |      dauthor      |         dtitle          |      cname      
+-----+-----+--------+-------------------+-------------------------+-----------------
+  11 |   1 |      1 | regress_rls_bob   | my first novel          | novel
+  11 |   2 |      2 | regress_rls_bob   | my second novel         | novel
+  22 |   3 |      2 | regress_rls_bob   | my science fiction      | science fiction
+  22 |   6 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great science fiction   | science fiction
+  33 |   7 |      2 | regress_rls_carol | great technology book   | technology
+  22 |   9 |      1 | regress_rls_dave  | awseome science fiction | science fiction
+  33 |  10 |      2 | regress_rls_dave  | awseome technology book | technology
+(7 rows)
+
+EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM document WHERE f_leak(dtitle);
+                        QUERY PLAN                        
+----------------------------------------------------------
+ Subquery Scan on document
+   Filter: f_leak(document.dtitle)
+   ->  Seq Scan on document document_1
+         Filter: ((cid <> 44) AND (dlevel <= $0))
+         InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
+           ->  Index Scan using uaccount_pkey on uaccount
+                 Index Cond: (pguser = CURRENT_USER)
+(7 rows)
+
+EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM document NATURAL JOIN category WHERE f_leak(dtitle);
+                              QUERY PLAN                              
+----------------------------------------------------------------------
+ Hash Join
+   Hash Cond: (category.cid = document.cid)
+   ->  Seq Scan on category
+   ->  Hash
+         ->  Subquery Scan on document
+               Filter: f_leak(document.dtitle)
+               ->  Seq Scan on document document_1
+                     Filter: ((cid <> 44) AND (dlevel <= $0))
+                     InitPlan 1 (returns $0)
+                       ->  Index Scan using uaccount_pkey on uaccount
+                             Index Cond: (pguser = CURRENT_USER)
+(11 rows)
+
 -- only owner can change policies
 ALTER POLICY p1 ON document USING (true);    --fail
 ERROR:  must be owner of relation document
@@ -318,7 +409,7 @@ SELECT * FROM document d FULL OUTER JOIN category c on d.cid = c.cid;
    7 |  33 |      2 | regress_rls_carol | great technology book |     | 
 (3 rows)
 
-INSERT INTO document VALUES (10, 33, 1, current_user, 'hoge');
+INSERT INTO document VALUES (11, 33, 1, current_user, 'hoge');
 -- UNIQUE or PRIMARY KEY constraint violation DOES reveal presence of row
 SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_rls_bob;
 INSERT INTO document VALUES (8, 44, 1, 'regress_rls_bob', 'my third manga'); -- Must fail with unique violation, revealing presence of did we can't see
@@ -337,8 +428,8 @@ ERROR:  new row violates row-level security policy for table "document"
 RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION;
 SET row_security TO ON;
 SELECT * FROM document;
- did | cid | dlevel |      dauthor      |        dtitle         
------+-----+--------+-------------------+-----------------------
+ did | cid | dlevel |      dauthor      |         dtitle          
+-----+-----+--------+-------------------+-------------------------
    1 |  11 |      1 | regress_rls_bob   | my first novel
    2 |  11 |      2 | regress_rls_bob   | my second novel
    3 |  22 |      2 | regress_rls_bob   | my science fiction
@@ -347,8 +438,10 @@ SELECT * FROM document;
    6 |  22 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great science fiction
    7 |  33 |      2 | regress_rls_carol | great technology book
    8 |  44 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great manga
-  10 |  33 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | hoge
-(9 rows)
+   9 |  22 |      1 | regress_rls_dave  | awseome science fiction
+  10 |  33 |      2 | regress_rls_dave  | awseome technology book
+  11 |  33 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | hoge
+(11 rows)
 
 SELECT * FROM category;
  cid |      cname      
@@ -363,8 +456,8 @@ SELECT * FROM category;
 RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION;
 SET row_security TO OFF;
 SELECT * FROM document;
- did | cid | dlevel |      dauthor      |        dtitle         
------+-----+--------+-------------------+-----------------------
+ did | cid | dlevel |      dauthor      |         dtitle          
+-----+-----+--------+-------------------+-------------------------
    1 |  11 |      1 | regress_rls_bob   | my first novel
    2 |  11 |      2 | regress_rls_bob   | my second novel
    3 |  22 |      2 | regress_rls_bob   | my science fiction
@@ -373,8 +466,10 @@ SELECT * FROM document;
    6 |  22 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great science fiction
    7 |  33 |      2 | regress_rls_carol | great technology book
    8 |  44 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great manga
-  10 |  33 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | hoge
-(9 rows)
+   9 |  22 |      1 | regress_rls_dave  | awseome science fiction
+  10 |  33 |      2 | regress_rls_dave  | awseome technology book
+  11 |  33 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | hoge
+(11 rows)
 
 SELECT * FROM category;
  cid |      cname      
@@ -389,8 +484,8 @@ SELECT * FROM category;
 SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_rls_exempt_user;
 SET row_security TO OFF;
 SELECT * FROM document;
- did | cid | dlevel |      dauthor      |        dtitle         
------+-----+--------+-------------------+-----------------------
+ did | cid | dlevel |      dauthor      |         dtitle          
+-----+-----+--------+-------------------+-------------------------
    1 |  11 |      1 | regress_rls_bob   | my first novel
    2 |  11 |      2 | regress_rls_bob   | my second novel
    3 |  22 |      2 | regress_rls_bob   | my science fiction
@@ -399,8 +494,10 @@ SELECT * FROM document;
    6 |  22 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great science fiction
    7 |  33 |      2 | regress_rls_carol | great technology book
    8 |  44 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great manga
-  10 |  33 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | hoge
-(9 rows)
+   9 |  22 |      1 | regress_rls_dave  | awseome science fiction
+  10 |  33 |      2 | regress_rls_dave  | awseome technology book
+  11 |  33 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | hoge
+(11 rows)
 
 SELECT * FROM category;
  cid |      cname      
@@ -415,8 +512,8 @@ SELECT * FROM category;
 SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_rls_alice;
 SET row_security TO ON;
 SELECT * FROM document;
- did | cid | dlevel |      dauthor      |        dtitle         
------+-----+--------+-------------------+-----------------------
+ did | cid | dlevel |      dauthor      |         dtitle          
+-----+-----+--------+-------------------+-------------------------
    1 |  11 |      1 | regress_rls_bob   | my first novel
    2 |  11 |      2 | regress_rls_bob   | my second novel
    3 |  22 |      2 | regress_rls_bob   | my science fiction
@@ -425,8 +522,10 @@ SELECT * FROM document;
    6 |  22 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great science fiction
    7 |  33 |      2 | regress_rls_carol | great technology book
    8 |  44 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great manga
-  10 |  33 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | hoge
-(9 rows)
+   9 |  22 |      1 | regress_rls_dave  | awseome science fiction
+  10 |  33 |      2 | regress_rls_dave  | awseome technology book
+  11 |  33 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | hoge
+(11 rows)
 
 SELECT * FROM category;
  cid |      cname      
@@ -441,8 +540,8 @@ SELECT * FROM category;
 SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_rls_alice;
 SET row_security TO OFF;
 SELECT * FROM document;
- did | cid | dlevel |      dauthor      |        dtitle         
------+-----+--------+-------------------+-----------------------
+ did | cid | dlevel |      dauthor      |         dtitle          
+-----+-----+--------+-------------------+-------------------------
    1 |  11 |      1 | regress_rls_bob   | my first novel
    2 |  11 |      2 | regress_rls_bob   | my second novel
    3 |  22 |      2 | regress_rls_bob   | my science fiction
@@ -451,8 +550,10 @@ SELECT * FROM document;
    6 |  22 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great science fiction
    7 |  33 |      2 | regress_rls_carol | great technology book
    8 |  44 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | great manga
-  10 |  33 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | hoge
-(9 rows)
+   9 |  22 |      1 | regress_rls_dave  | awseome science fiction
+  10 |  33 |      2 | regress_rls_dave  | awseome technology book
+  11 |  33 |      1 | regress_rls_carol | hoge
+(11 rows)
 
 SELECT * FROM category;
  cid |      cname      
@@ -1517,6 +1618,7 @@ SELECT * FROM b1;
 --
 SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_rls_alice;
 DROP POLICY p1 ON document;
+DROP POLICY p1r ON document;
 CREATE POLICY p1 ON document FOR SELECT USING (true);
 CREATE POLICY p2 ON document FOR INSERT WITH CHECK (dauthor = current_user);
 CREATE POLICY p3 ON document FOR UPDATE
@@ -3461,6 +3563,7 @@ RESET client_min_messages;
 DROP USER regress_rls_alice;
 DROP USER regress_rls_bob;
 DROP USER regress_rls_carol;
+DROP USER regress_rls_dave;
 DROP USER regress_rls_exempt_user;
 DROP ROLE regress_rls_group1;
 DROP ROLE regress_rls_group2;
diff --git a/src/test/regress/sql/rowsecurity.sql b/src/test/regress/sql/rowsecurity.sql
index 7fcefe4..4245f95 100644
--- a/src/test/regress/sql/rowsecurity.sql
+++ b/src/test/regress/sql/rowsecurity.sql
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ SET client_min_messages TO 'warning';
 DROP USER IF EXISTS regress_rls_alice;
 DROP USER IF EXISTS regress_rls_bob;
 DROP USER IF EXISTS regress_rls_carol;
+DROP USER IF EXISTS regress_rls_dave;
 DROP USER IF EXISTS regress_rls_exempt_user;
 DROP ROLE IF EXISTS regress_rls_group1;
 DROP ROLE IF EXISTS regress_rls_group2;
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@ RESET client_min_messages;
 CREATE USER regress_rls_alice NOLOGIN;
 CREATE USER regress_rls_bob NOLOGIN;
 CREATE USER regress_rls_carol NOLOGIN;
+CREATE USER regress_rls_dave NOLOGIN;
 CREATE USER regress_rls_exempt_user BYPASSRLS NOLOGIN;
 CREATE ROLE regress_rls_group1 NOLOGIN;
 CREATE ROLE regress_rls_group2 NOLOGIN;
@@ -80,7 +82,9 @@ INSERT INTO document VALUES
     ( 5, 44, 2, 'regress_rls_bob', 'my second manga'),
     ( 6, 22, 1, 'regress_rls_carol', 'great science fiction'),
     ( 7, 33, 2, 'regress_rls_carol', 'great technology book'),
-    ( 8, 44, 1, 'regress_rls_carol', 'great manga');
+    ( 8, 44, 1, 'regress_rls_carol', 'great manga'),
+    ( 9, 22, 1, 'regress_rls_dave', 'awseome science fiction'),
+    (10, 33, 2, 'regress_rls_dave', 'awseome technology book');
 
 ALTER TABLE document ENABLE ROW LEVEL SECURITY;
 
@@ -88,6 +92,10 @@ ALTER TABLE document ENABLE ROW LEVEL SECURITY;
 CREATE POLICY p1 ON document
     USING (dlevel <= (SELECT seclv FROM uaccount WHERE pguser = current_user));
 
+-- but Dave isn't allowed to see manga documents
+CREATE RESTRICT POLICY p1r ON document TO regress_rls_dave
+    USING (cid <> 44);
+
 -- viewpoint from regress_rls_bob
 SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_rls_bob;
 SET row_security TO ON;
@@ -110,6 +118,14 @@ SELECT * FROM document TABLESAMPLE BERNOULLI(50) REPEATABLE(0)
 EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM document WHERE f_leak(dtitle);
 EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM document NATURAL JOIN category WHERE f_leak(dtitle);
 
+-- viewpoint from regress_rls_dave
+SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_rls_dave;
+SELECT * FROM document WHERE f_leak(dtitle) ORDER BY did;
+SELECT * FROM document NATURAL JOIN category WHERE f_leak(dtitle) ORDER BY did;
+
+EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM document WHERE f_leak(dtitle);
+EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM document NATURAL JOIN category WHERE f_leak(dtitle);
+
 -- only owner can change policies
 ALTER POLICY p1 ON document USING (true);    --fail
 DROP POLICY p1 ON document;                  --fail
@@ -147,7 +163,7 @@ DELETE FROM category WHERE cid = 33;    -- fails with FK violation
 -- can insert FK referencing invisible PK
 SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_rls_carol;
 SELECT * FROM document d FULL OUTER JOIN category c on d.cid = c.cid;
-INSERT INTO document VALUES (10, 33, 1, current_user, 'hoge');
+INSERT INTO document VALUES (11, 33, 1, current_user, 'hoge');
 
 -- UNIQUE or PRIMARY KEY constraint violation DOES reveal presence of row
 SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_rls_bob;
@@ -517,6 +533,7 @@ SELECT * FROM b1;
 
 SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION regress_rls_alice;
 DROP POLICY p1 ON document;
+DROP POLICY p1r ON document;
 
 CREATE POLICY p1 ON document FOR SELECT USING (true);
 CREATE POLICY p2 ON document FOR INSERT WITH CHECK (dauthor = current_user);
@@ -1577,6 +1594,7 @@ RESET client_min_messages;
 DROP USER regress_rls_alice;
 DROP USER regress_rls_bob;
 DROP USER regress_rls_carol;
+DROP USER regress_rls_dave;
 DROP USER regress_rls_exempt_user;
 DROP ROLE regress_rls_group1;
 DROP ROLE regress_rls_group2;
-- 
2.7.4

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