I looked over the proposed patch a bit and found some problems --- in
particular, if I read M$'s documentation about MultiByteToWideChar
correctly, they chose an API that fails for zero-length input, and
so you gotta program around that.  Also, varstr_cmp() cannot assume
it gets null-terminated input.

I cannot test the attached revised patch; please check it out.

                        regards, tom lane

Index: oracle_compat.c
===================================================================
RCS file: /cvsroot/pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/oracle_compat.c,v
retrieving revision 1.60
diff -c -r1.60 oracle_compat.c
*** oracle_compat.c     7 May 2005 15:18:17 -0000       1.60
--- oracle_compat.c     23 Aug 2005 17:13:11 -0000
***************
*** 149,154 ****
--- 149,265 ----
  #endif   /* USE_WIDE_UPPER_LOWER */
  
  
+ /*
+  * On Windows, the "Unicode" locales assume UTF16 not UTF8 encoding.
+  * To make use of the upper/lower functionality, we need to map UTF8 to
+  * UTF16, which for some reason mbstowcs and wcstombs won't do for us.
+  * This conversion layer takes care of it.
+  */
+ 
+ #ifdef WIN32
+ 
+ /* texttowcs for the case of UTF8 to UTF16 */
+ static wchar_t *
+ win32_utf8_texttowcs(const text *txt)
+ {
+       int                     nbytes = VARSIZE(txt) - VARHDRSZ;
+       wchar_t    *result;
+       int         r;
+ 
+       /* Overflow paranoia */
+       if (nbytes < 0 ||
+               nbytes > (int) (INT_MAX / sizeof(wchar_t)) -1)
+               ereport(ERROR,
+                               (errcode(ERRCODE_OUT_OF_MEMORY),
+                                errmsg("out of memory")));
+ 
+       /* Output workspace cannot have more codes than input bytes */
+       result = (wchar_t *) palloc((nbytes + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t));
+ 
+       /* stupid Microsloth API does not work for zero-length input */
+       if (nbytes == 0)
+               r = 0;
+       else
+       {
+               /* Do the conversion */
+               r = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, VARDATA(txt), nbytes,
+                                                               result, nbytes);
+ 
+               if (!r)                                 /* assume it's 
NO_UNICODE_TRANSLATION */
+               {
+                       /* see notes above about error reporting */
+                       pg_verifymbstr(VARDATA(txt), nbytes, false);
+                       ereport(ERROR,
+                                       
(errcode(ERRCODE_CHARACTER_NOT_IN_REPERTOIRE),
+                                        errmsg("invalid multibyte character 
for locale"),
+                                        errhint("The server's LC_CTYPE locale 
is probably incompatible with the database encoding.")));
+               }
+       }
+ 
+       Assert(r <= nbytes);
+       result[r] = 0;
+ 
+       return result;
+ }
+ 
+ /* wcstotext for the case of UTF16 to UTF8 */
+ static text *
+ win32_utf8_wcstotext(const wchar_t *str)
+ {
+       text            *result;
+       int                      nbytes;
+       int                      r;
+ 
+       nbytes = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, str, -1, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
+       if (nbytes == 0)                        /* shouldn't happen */
+               ereport(ERROR,
+                               (errcode(ERRCODE_CHARACTER_NOT_IN_REPERTOIRE),
+                                errmsg("UTF16 to UTF8 translation failed: %lu",
+                                               GetLastError())));
+ 
+       result = palloc(nbytes+VARHDRSZ);
+ 
+       r = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, str, -1, VARDATA(result), nbytes,
+                                                       NULL, NULL);
+       if (r == 0)                                     /* shouldn't happen */
+               ereport(ERROR,
+                               (errcode(ERRCODE_CHARACTER_NOT_IN_REPERTOIRE),
+                                errmsg("UTF16 to UTF8 translation failed: %lu",
+                                               GetLastError())));
+ 
+       VARATT_SIZEP(result) = nbytes + VARHDRSZ - 1; /* -1 to ignore null */
+ 
+       return result;
+ }
+ 
+ /* interface layer to check which encoding is in use */
+ 
+ static wchar_t *
+ win32_texttowcs(const text *txt)
+ {
+       if (GetDatabaseEncoding() == PG_UTF8)
+               return win32_utf8_texttowcs(txt);
+       else
+               return texttowcs(txt);
+ }
+ 
+ static text *
+ win32_wcstotext(const wchar_t *str, int ncodes)
+ {
+       if (GetDatabaseEncoding() == PG_UTF8)
+               return win32_utf8_wcstotext(str);
+       else
+               return wcstotext(str, ncodes);
+ }
+ 
+ /* use macros to cause routines below to call interface layer */
+ 
+ #define texttowcs     win32_texttowcs
+ #define wcstotext     win32_wcstotext
+ 
+ #endif /* WIN32 */
+ 
+ 
  /********************************************************************
   *
   * lower
Index: varlena.c
===================================================================
RCS file: /cvsroot/pgsql/src/backend/utils/adt/varlena.c,v
retrieving revision 1.131
diff -c -r1.131 varlena.c
*** varlena.c   2 Aug 2005 16:11:57 -0000       1.131
--- varlena.c   23 Aug 2005 17:13:12 -0000
***************
*** 849,854 ****
--- 849,856 ----
                char       *a1p,
                                   *a2p;
  
+ #ifndef WIN32
+ 
                if (len1 >= STACKBUFLEN)
                        a1p = (char *) palloc(len1 + 1);
                else
***************
*** 865,874 ****
  
                result = strcoll(a1p, a2p);
  
!               if (len1 >= STACKBUFLEN)
                        pfree(a1p);
!               if (len2 >= STACKBUFLEN)
                        pfree(a2p);
        }
        else
        {
--- 867,953 ----
  
                result = strcoll(a1p, a2p);
  
!               if (a1p != a1buf)
                        pfree(a1p);
!               if (a2p != a2buf)
                        pfree(a2p);
+ 
+ #else /* WIN32 */
+ 
+               /* Win32 does not have UTF-8, so we need to map to UTF-16 */
+               if (GetDatabaseEncoding() == PG_UTF8)
+               {
+                       int a1len;
+                       int a2len;
+                       int r;
+ 
+                       if (len1 >= STACKBUFLEN/2)
+                       {
+                               a1len = len1 * 2 + 2;
+                               a1p = palloc(a1len);
+                       }
+                       else
+                       {
+                               a1len = STACKBUFLEN;
+                               a1p = a1buf;
+                       }
+                       if (len2 >= STACKBUFLEN/2)
+                       {
+                               a2len = len2 * 2 + 2;
+                               a2p = palloc(a2len);
+                       }
+                       else
+                       {
+                               a2len = STACKBUFLEN;
+                               a2p = a2buf;
+                       }
+ 
+                       /* stupid Microsloth API does not work for zero-length 
input */
+                       if (len1 == 0)
+                               r = 0;
+                       else
+                       {
+                               r = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, arg1, len1,
+                                                                               
(LPWSTR) a1p, a1len/2);
+                               if (!r)
+                                       ereport(ERROR,
+                                                       (errmsg("could not 
convert string to UTF16: %lu",
+                                                                       
GetLastError())));
+                       }
+                       ((LPWSTR) a1p)[r] = 0;
+ 
+                       if (len2 == 0)
+                               r = 0;
+                       else
+                       {
+                               r = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, arg2, len2,
+                                                                               
(LPWSTR) a2p, a2len/2);
+                               if (!r)
+                                       ereport(ERROR,
+                                                       (errmsg("could not 
convert string to UTF16: %lu",
+                                                                       
GetLastError())));
+                       }
+                       ((LPWSTR) a2p)[r] = 0;
+ 
+                       errno = 0;
+                       result = wcscoll((LPWSTR) a1p, (LPWSTR) a2p);
+                       if (result == 2147483647) /* _NLSCMPERROR; missing from 
mingw headers */
+                               ereport(ERROR,
+                                               (errmsg("could not compare 
unicode strings: %d",
+                                                               errno)));
+ 
+                       if (a1p != a1buf)
+                               pfree(a1p);
+                       if (a2p != a2buf)
+                               pfree(a2p);
+ 
+                       return result;
+               }
+ 
+               /* Win32 has strncoll(), so use it to avoid copying */
+               return _strncoll(arg1, arg2, Min(len1, len2));
+ 
+ #endif /* WIN32 */
        }
        else
        {
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