goba Mon Nov 4 12:34:52 2002 EDT
Modified files:
/phpdoc/en/language types.xml
Log:
Going on with general cleanups. Removing the whole outdated
and long ago commented single/multidimensional array parts.
Adding more examples, adding some points that were in TODO.
Index: phpdoc/en/language/types.xml
diff -u phpdoc/en/language/types.xml:1.94 phpdoc/en/language/types.xml:1.95
--- phpdoc/en/language/types.xml:1.94 Mon Nov 4 10:45:11 2002
+++ phpdoc/en/language/types.xml Mon Nov 4 12:34:52 2002
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1"?>
-<!-- $Revision: 1.94 $ -->
+<!-- $Revision: 1.95 $ -->
<chapter id="language.types">
<title>Types</title>
@@ -907,7 +907,7 @@
echo "This is { $great}"; // won't work, outputs: This is { fantastic}
echo "This is {$great}"; // works, outputs: This is fantastic
echo "This square is {$square->width}00 centimeters broad.";
-echo "This works: {$arr[4][3]}";
+echo "This works: {$arr[4][3]}";
// This is wrong for the same reason
// as $foo[bar] is wrong outside a string.
@@ -946,35 +946,15 @@
<example>
<title>Some string examples</title>
<programlisting role="php">
-<!-- TODO: either move these examples to a example section,
-as with arrays, or distribute them under the applicable
-sections. -->
<![CDATA[
<?php
-/* Assigning a string. */
-$str = "This is a string";
-
-/* Appending to it. */
-$str = $str . " with some more text";
-
-/* Another way to append, includes an escaped newline. */
-$str .= " and a newline at the end.\n";
-
-/* This string will end up being '<p>Number: 9</p>' */
-$num = 9;
-$str = "<p>Number: $num</p>";
-
-/* This one will be '<p>Number: $num</p>' */
-$num = 9;
-$str = '<p>Number: $num</p>';
-
-/* Get the first character of a string */
+// Get the first character of a string
$str = 'This is a test.';
$first = $str{0};
-/* Get the last character of a string. */
+// Get the last character of a string.
$str = 'This is still a test.';
-$last = $str{strlen($str)-1};
+$last = $str{strlen($str)-1};
?>
]]>
</programlisting>
@@ -985,7 +965,7 @@
</sect2><!-- end syntax -->
<sect2 id="language.types.string.useful-funcs">
- <title>Useful functions</title><!-- and operators -->
+ <title>Useful functions and operators</title>
<para>
Strings may be concatenated using the '.' (dot) operator. Note
that the '+' (addition) operator will not work for this. Please
@@ -1013,6 +993,7 @@
see also the <link linkend="ref.ctype">character type functions</link>.
</simpara>
</sect2>
+
<sect2 id="language.types.string.casting">
<title>Converting to string</title>
@@ -1145,8 +1126,7 @@
This type is optimized in several ways,
so you can use it as a real array, or a list (vector),
hashtable (which is an implementation of a map),
- dictionary, <!-- is a map -->
- collection,
+ dictionary, collection,
stack, queue and probably more. Because you can have another
PHP-array as a value, you can also quite easily simulate
trees.
@@ -1154,10 +1134,8 @@
<para>
Explanation of those structures is beyond the scope of this manual,
but you'll find at least one example for each of those structures.
- For more information about those structures, we refer you to
- external literature about this broad topic.
- <!-- like goodrich&tamassia: datastructures and algorithmes.
- Only, the subtitle is: in Java, and it's quite academic too -->
+ For more information we refer you to external literature about
+ this broad topic.
</para>
<sect2 id="language.types.array.syntax">
@@ -1170,19 +1148,47 @@
language-construct. It takes a certain number of comma-separated
<literal><replaceable>key</replaceable> => <replaceable
>value</replaceable></literal>
- pairs.
+ pairs.
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ <synopsis>
+array( <optional> <replaceable>key</replaceable> => </optional> <replaceable
+>value</replaceable>
+ , ...
+ )
+// <replaceable>key</replaceable> is either <type>string</type
+ > or nonnegative <type>integer</type>
+// <replaceable>value</replaceable> can be anything
+ </synopsis>
+ </para>
+ <para>
+ <informalexample>
+ <programlisting role="php">
+<![CDATA[
+array("foo" => "bar", 12 => true);
+]]>
+ </programlisting>
+ </informalexample>
</para>
<para>
A <varname>key</varname> is either an <type>integer</type>
- or a <type>string</type>.
- If a key is the standard representation of an
- <type>integer</type>, it will
- be interpreted as such (i.e. <literal>"8"</literal> will be interpreted
- as <literal>8</literal>, while
- <literal>"08"</literal> will be interpreted as <literal>"08"</literal>).
+ or a <type>string</type>. If a key is the standard representation
+ of an <type>integer</type>, it will be interpreted as such (i.e.
+ <literal>"8"</literal> will be interpreted as <literal>8</literal>,
+ while <literal>"08"</literal> will be interpreted as
+ <literal>"08"</literal>). There are no different indexed and
+ associative array types in PHP, there is only one array type,
+ which can both contain integer and string indices.
</para>
<para>
- A value can be anything.
+ A value can be of any PHP type.
+ <informalexample>
+ <programlisting role="php">
+<![CDATA[
+array("somearray" => array(6 => 5, 13 => 9, "a" => 43));
+]]>
+ </programlisting>
+ </informalexample>
</para>
<para>
If you omit a key, the maximum of the integer-indices is taken, and
@@ -1192,12 +1198,23 @@
the new key. If no integer-indices exist
yet, the key will be <literal>0</literal> (zero). If you specify a key
that already has a value assigned to it, that value will be overwritten.
+ <informalexample>
+ <programlisting role="php">
+<![CDATA[
+// This array is the same as ...
+array(5 => 43, 32, 56, "b" => 12);
+
+// ...this array
+array(5 => 43, 6 => 32, 7 => 56, "b" => 12);
+]]>
+ </programlisting>
+ </informalexample>
</para>
<para>
- Using <literal>true</literal> as a key will evalute to
+ Using &true; as a key will evalute to
<type>integer</type> <literal>1</literal> as key. Using
- <literal>false</literal> as a key will evalute to <type>integer</type>
- <literal>0</literal> as key. Using <literal>NULL</literal> as a key
+ &false; as a key will evalute to <type>integer</type>
+ <literal>0</literal> as key. Using <literal>NULL</literal> as a key
will evaluate to an empty string. Using an emptry string as key will
create (or overwrite) a key with an empty string and its value, it is
not the same as using empty brackets.
@@ -1206,31 +1223,17 @@
You cannot use arrays or objects as keys. Doing so will result in a
warning: <literal>Illegal offset type</literal>.
</para>
-
- <para>
- <synopsis>
-array( <optional> <replaceable>key</replaceable> => </optional> <replaceable
->value</replaceable>
- , ...
- )
-// <replaceable>key</replaceable> is either <type>string</type
- > or nonnegative <type>integer</type>
-// <replaceable>value</replaceable> can be anything
- </synopsis>
- </para>
</sect3>
<sect3 id="language.types.array.syntax.modifying">
<title>Creating/modifying with square-bracket syntax</title>
<para>
You can also modify an existing array, by explicitly setting
- values.
+ values in it.
</para>
<para>
This is done by assigning values to the array while specifying the
- key in brackets. You can also
- omit the key,
- add an empty pair
+ key in brackets. You can also omit the key, add an empty pair
of brackets ("<literal>[]</literal>") to the variable-name in that case.
<synopsis>
$arr[<replaceable>key</replaceable>] = <replaceable>value</replaceable>;
@@ -1240,41 +1243,57 @@
// <replaceable>value</replaceable> can be anything
</synopsis>
If <varname>$arr</varname> doesn't exist yet, it will be created.
- So this is also
- an alternative way to specify an array.
+ So this is also an alternative way to specify an array.
To change a certain value, just assign a new value
- to it.
- If you want to remove a key/value pair, you need to
- <function>unset</function> it.
-
- </para>
+ to an element specified with its key. If you want to
+ remove a key/value pair, you need to <function>unset</function> it.
+ <informalexample>
+ <programlisting role="php">
+<![CDATA[
+$arr = array(5 => 1, 12 => 2);
- </sect3>
-
+$arr[] = 56; // This is the same as $arr[13] = 56;
+ // at this point of the script
+
+$arr["x"] = 42; // This adds a new element to
+ // the array with key "x"
+
+unset($arr[5]); // This removes the element from the array
+unset($arr); // This deletes the whole array
+]]>
+ </programlisting>
+ </informalexample>
+ </para>
+ </sect3>
</sect2><!-- end syntax -->
<sect2 id="language.types.array.useful-funcs">
<title>Useful functions</title>
<para>
There are quite some useful function for working
- with arrays, see the <link linkend="ref.array">array-functions</link>
- section.
+ with arrays, see the <link linkend="ref.array">array
+ functions</link> section.
</para>
<note>
<para>
The <function>unset</function> function allows unsetting keys of an
- array. Be aware that the array will NOT be reindexed.
+ array. Be aware that the array will NOT be reindexed. If you only
+ use "usual integer indices" (starting from zero, increasing by one),
+ you can achive the reindex effect by using <function>array_values</function>.
<informalexample>
<programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
-$a = array( 1 => 'one', 2 => 'two', 3 => 'three' );
-unset( $a[2] );
+$a = array(1 => 'one', 2 => 'two', 3 => 'three');
+unset($a[2]);
/* will produce an array that would have been defined as
- $a = array( 1=>'one', 3=>'three');
+ $a = array(1 => 'one', 3 => 'three');
and NOT
- $a = array( 1 => 'one', 2 => 'three');
-*/
+ $a = array(1 => 'one', 2 =>'three');
+*/
+
+$b = array_values($a);
+// Now b is array(1 => 'one', 2 =>'three')
]]>
</programlisting>
</informalexample>
@@ -1286,8 +1305,6 @@
control structure exists specifically for arrays. It
provides an easy way to traverse an array.
</para>
-
-
</sect2>
<sect2 id="language.types.array.donts">
@@ -1312,7 +1329,8 @@
this code has an undefined constant (bar) rather than a string ('bar' -
notice the quotes), and PHP may in future define constants which,
unfortunately for your code, have the same name. It works, because the
- undefined constant gets converted to a string of the same name.
+ undefined constant gets converted to a string of the same name
+ automatically for backward compatibility reasons.
</para>
<para>
As stated in the <link linkend="language.types.array.syntax"
@@ -1322,21 +1340,21 @@
<informalexample>
<programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
-echo $arr[ foo(true) ];
+echo $arr[foo(true)];
]]>
</programlisting>
</informalexample>
This is an example of using a function return value
- as the array index. PHP knows also about constants,
- and you may have seen the
- <literal>E_*</literal> before.
+ as the array index. PHP also knows about constants,
+ as you may have seen the <literal>E_*</literal> ones
+ before.
<informalexample>
<programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
-$error_descriptions[E_ERROR] = "A fatal error has occured";
+$error_descriptions[E_ERROR] = "A fatal error has occured";
$error_descriptions[E_WARNING] = "PHP issued a warning";
-$error_descriptions[E_NOTICE] = "This is just an informal notice";
+$error_descriptions[E_NOTICE] = "This is just an informal notice";
]]>
</programlisting>
</informalexample>
@@ -1367,7 +1385,8 @@
<title>So why is it bad then?</title>
<para>
At some point in the future, the PHP team might want to add another
- constant or keyword, and then you get in trouble. For example,
+ constant or keyword, or you may introduce another constant into your
+ application, and then you get in trouble. For example,
you already cannot use the words <literal>empty</literal> and
<literal>default</literal> this way, since they are special
<link linkend="reserved">reserved keywords</link>.
@@ -1377,14 +1396,41 @@
When you turn <link linkend="function.error-reporting"
>error_reporting</link> to <literal>E_ALL</literal>,
you will see that PHP generates notices whenever an
- <literal>index</literal> is used which is not defined
- (put the line <literal>error_reporting(E_ALL);</literal>
- in your script).
+ <literal>index</literal> is used which is not defined.
+ Consider this script:
+ <informalexample>
+ <programlisting role="php">
+<![CDATA[
+<?php
+
+// Turn on the display of all errors
+error_reporting(E_ALL);
+
+// Define the test array
+$abc = array("x" => "y");
+
+// Access element with the *bad* method
+echo $abc[x];
+
+?>
+]]>
+ </programlisting>
+ </informalexample>
+ The output is:
+ <informalexample>
+ <programlisting>
+<![CDATA[
+<br />
+<b>Notice</b>: Use of undefined constant x - assumed 'x' in
+<b>/path/to/script.php</b> on
+line <b>10</b><br />
+]]>
+ </programlisting>
+ </informalexample>
</simpara>
</note>
<note>
<simpara>
- Inside a double-quoted <type>string</type>, an other syntax
+ Inside a double-quoted <type>string</type>, another syntax
is valid. See <link linkend="language.types.string.parsing"
>variable parsing in strings</link> for more details.
</simpara>
@@ -1393,6 +1439,26 @@
</sect3>
</sect2>
+ <sect2 id="language.types.array.casting">
+ <title>Converting to array</title>
+
+ <para>
+ For any of the types: integer, float, string, boolean and resource,
+ if you convert a value to an array, you get an array with one element
+ (with index 0), which is the scalar value you started with.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ If you convert an object to an array, you get the properties (member
+ variables) of that object as the array's elements. The keys are the
+ member variable names.
+ </para>
+
+ <para>
+ If you convert a &null; value to an array, you get an empty array.
+ </para>
+ </sect2>
+
<sect2 id="language.types.array.examples">
<title>Examples</title>
<para>
@@ -1404,24 +1470,24 @@
<programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
// this
-$a = array( 'color' => 'red'
- , 'taste' => 'sweet'
- , 'shape' => 'round'
- , 'name' => 'apple'
- , 4 // key will be 0
+$a = array( 'color' => 'red',
+ 'taste' => 'sweet',
+ 'shape' => 'round',
+ 'name' => 'apple',
+ 4 // key will be 0
);
// is completely equivalent with
$a['color'] = 'red';
$a['taste'] = 'sweet';
$a['shape'] = 'round';
-$a['name'] = 'apple';
+$a['name'] = 'apple';
$a[] = 4; // key will be 0
$b[] = 'a';
$b[] = 'b';
$b[] = 'c';
-// will result in the array array( 0 => 'a' , 1 => 'b' , 2 => 'c' ),
+// will result in the array array(0 => 'a' , 1 => 'b' , 2 => 'c'),
// or simply array('a', 'b', 'c')
]]>
</programlisting>
@@ -1433,40 +1499,38 @@
<programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
// Array as (property-)map
-$map = array( 'version' => 4
- , 'OS' => 'Linux'
- , 'lang' => 'english'
- , 'short_tags' => true
+$map = array( 'version' => 4,
+ 'OS' => 'Linux',
+ 'lang' => 'english',
+ 'short_tags' => true
);
// strictly numerical keys
-$array = array( 7
- , 8
- , 0
- , 156
- , -10
+$array = array( 7,
+ 8,
+ 0,
+ 156,
+ -10
);
-// this is the same as array( 0 => 7, 1 => 8, ...)
+// this is the same as array(0 => 7, 1 => 8, ...)
-$switching = array( 10 // key = 0
- , 5 => 6
- , 3 => 7
- , 'a' => 4
- , 11 // key = 6 (maximum of integer-indices was 5)
- , '8' => 2 // key = 8 (integer!)
- , '02' => 77 // key = '02'
- , 0 => 12 // the value 10 will be overwritten by 12
+$switching = array( 10, // key = 0
+ 5 => 6,
+ 3 => 7,
+ 'a' => 4,
+ 11, // key = 6 (maximum of integer-indices was 5)
+ '8' => 2, // key = 8 (integer!)
+ '02' => 77, // key = '02'
+ 0 => 12 // the value 10 will be overwritten by 12
);
// empty array
$empty = array();
]]>
<!-- TODO example of
-- mixed keys
- overwriting keys
-- integer keys as string
- using vars/functions as key/values
-- mixed skipping
+- warning about references
-->
</programlisting>
</example>
@@ -1475,9 +1539,9 @@
<title>Collection</title>
<programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
-$colors = array('red','blue','green','yellow');
+$colors = array('red', 'blue', 'green', 'yellow');
-foreach ( $colors as $color ) {
+foreach ($colors as $color) {
echo "Do you like $color?\n";
}
@@ -1509,7 +1573,7 @@
// won't work:
//$color = strtoupper($color);
- //works:
+ // works:
$colors[$key] = strtoupper($color);
}
print_r($colors);
@@ -1549,13 +1613,12 @@
</example>
</para>
<example>
- <title>Filling real array</title>
+ <title>Filling an array</title>
<programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
// fill an array with all items from a directory
$handle = opendir('.');
-while ($file = readdir($handle))
-{
+while ($file = readdir($handle)) {
$files[] = $file;
}
closedir($handle);
@@ -1564,8 +1627,10 @@
</example>
<para>
Arrays are ordered. You can also change the order using various
- sorting-functions. See <link linkend="ref.array">array-functions</link>
- for more information.
+ sorting-functions. See the <link linkend="ref.array">array
+ functions</link> section for more information. You can count
+ the number of items in an array using the
+ <function>count</function> function.
</para>
<example>
<title>Sorting array</title>
@@ -1585,228 +1650,50 @@
<title>Recursive and multi-dimensional arrays</title>
<programlisting role="php">
<![CDATA[
-$fruits = array ( "fruits" => array ( "a" => "orange"
- , "b" => "banana"
- , "c" => "apple"
- )
- , "numbers" => array ( 1
- , 2
- , 3
- , 4
- , 5
- , 6
- )
- , "holes" => array ( "first"
- , 5 => "second"
- , "third"
+$fruits = array ( "fruits" => array ( "a" => "orange",
+ "b" => "banana",
+ "c" => "apple"
+ ),
+ "numbers" => array ( 1,
+ 2,
+ 3,
+ 4,
+ 5,
+ 6,
+ ),
+ "holes" => array ( "first",
+ 5 => "second",
+ "third"
)
);
+
+// Some examples to address values in the array above
+echo $fruits["holes"][5]; // prints "second"
+echo $fruits["fruits"]["a"]; // prints "orange"
+unset($fruits["holes"][0]); // remove "first"
+
+// Create a new multi-dimensional array
+$juices["apple"]["green"] = "good";
]]>
-<!-- quite duplicate...
-$a = array(
- "apple" => array(
- "color" => "red",
- "taste" => "sweet",
- "shape" => "round"
- ),
- "orange" => array(
- "color" => "orange",
- "taste" => "tart",
- "shape" => "round"
- ),
- "banana" => array(
- "color" => "yellow",
- "taste" => "paste-y",
- "shape" => "banana-shaped"
- )
-);
--->
</programlisting>
</example>
-
- </sect2>
-
- <!-- TODO
- <sect2>
- <title>Misc</title>
-
- </sect2>
-
- - example multi-dim with $arr[bla][bla] syntax
- - converting to array
- - warning about references
- - note that assigning is copy (usually...)
-
-
- -->
-
-<!-- there is no such thing as multi/singel dim arrays (at least in PHP4)
- <sect2 id="language.types.array.single-dim">
- <title>Single Dimension Arrays</title>
-
<para>
- PHP supports both scalar and associative arrays. In fact, there
- is no difference between the two. You can create an array using
- the
-
- <function>list</function>
-
- Nope
-
-
-
-
- or <function>array</function>
- functions, or you can explicitly set each array element value.
- <informalexample>
- <programlisting role="php">
-$a[0] = "abc";
-$a[1] = "def";
-$b["foo"] = 13;
- </programlisting>
- </informalexample>
- </para>
- <para>
- You can also create an array by simply adding values to the
- array. When you assign a value to an array variable using empty
- brackets, the value will be added onto the end of the array.
- <informalexample>
- <programlisting role="php">
-$a[] = "hello"; // $a[2] == "hello"
-$a[] = "world"; // $a[3] == "world"
- </programlisting>
- </informalexample>
- </para>
- <para>
- Arrays may be sorted using the <function>asort</function>,
- <function>arsort</function>, <function>ksort</function>,
- <function>rsort</function>, <function>sort</function>,
- <function>uasort</function>, <function>usort</function>, and
- <function>uksort</function> functions depending on the type of
- sort you want.
- </para>
- <para>
- You can count the number of items in an array using the
- <function>count</function> function.
- </para>
- <para>
- You can traverse an array using <function>next</function> and
- <function>prev</function> functions. Another common way to
- traverse an array is to use the <function>each</function>
- function.
- </para>
- </sect2>
-
- <sect2 id="language.types.array.multi-dim">
- <title>Multi-Dimensional Arrays</title>
-
- <para>
- Multi-dimensional arrays are actually pretty simple. For each
- dimension of the array, you add another [key] value to the end:
- <informalexample>
- <programlisting role="php">
-$a[1] = $f; # one dimensional examples
-$a["foo"] = $f;
-
-$a[1][0] = $f; # two dimensional
-$a["foo"][2] = $f; # (you can mix numeric and associative indices)
-$a[3]["bar"] = $f; # (you can mix numeric and associative indices)
-
-$a["foo"][4]["bar"][0] = $f; # four dimensional!
- </programlisting>
- </informalexample>
- </para>
- <para>
- In PHP 3 it is not possible to reference multidimensional arrays
- directly within strings. For instance, the following will not
- have the desired result:
- <informalexample>
- <programlisting role="php">
-$a[3]['bar'] = 'Bob';
-echo "This won't work: $a[3][bar]";
- </programlisting>
- </informalexample>
- In PHP 3, the above will output <computeroutput>This won't work:
- Array[bar]</computeroutput>. The string concatenation operator,
- however, can be used to overcome this:
+ You should be aware, that array assignment always involves
+ value copying. You need to use the reference operator to copy
+ an array by reference.
<informalexample>
<programlisting role="php">
-$a[3]['bar'] = 'Bob';
-echo "This will work: " . $a[3]['bar'];
- </programlisting>
- </informalexample>
- </para>
- <para>
- In PHP 4, however, the whole problem may be circumvented by
- enclosing the array reference (inside the string) in curly
- braces:
- <informalexample>
- <programlisting role="php">
-$a[3]['bar'] = 'Bob';
-echo "This will work: {$a[3][bar]}";
- </programlisting>
- </informalexample>
- </para>
- <para>
- You can "fill up" multi-dimensional arrays in many ways, but the
- trickiest one to understand is how to use the
- <function>array</function> command for associative arrays. These
- two snippets of code fill up the one-dimensional array in the
- same way:
- <informalexample>
- <programlisting role="php">
-# Example 1:
-
-$a["color"] = "red";
-$a["taste"] = "sweet";
-$a["shape"] = "round";
-$a["name"] = "apple";
-$a[3] = 4;
-
-# Example 2:
-$a = array(
- "color" => "red",
- "taste" => "sweet",
- "shape" => "round",
- "name" => "apple",
- 3 => 4
-);
- </programlisting>
- </informalexample>
- </para>
- <para>
- The <function>array</function> function can be nested for
- multi-dimensional arrays:
- <informalexample>
- <programlisting role="php">
-<?php
-$a = array(
- "apple" => array(
- "color" => "red",
- "taste" => "sweet",
- "shape" => "round"
- ),
- "orange" => array(
- "color" => "orange",
- "taste" => "tart",
- "shape" => "round"
- ),
- "banana" => array(
- "color" => "yellow",
- "taste" => "paste-y",
- "shape" => "banana-shaped"
- )
-);
-
-echo $a["apple"]["taste"]; # will output "sweet"
-?>
+$arr1 = array(2, 3);
+$arr2 = $arr1;
+$arr2[] = 4; // $arr2 is changed,
+ // $arr1 is still array(2,3)
+
+$arr3 = &$arr1;
+$arr3[] = 4; // now $arr1 and $arr3 are the same
</programlisting>
</informalexample>
</para>
-
</sect2>
-
- -->
</sect1>
<sect1 id="language.types.object">
@@ -2221,18 +2108,18 @@
integer</link></simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
- <simpara><link linkend="language.types.string.casting">Converting to
- string</link></simpara>
- </listitem>
- <!-- don't exist yet
- <listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="language.types.float.casting">Converting to
float</link></simpara>
</listitem>
<listitem>
+ <simpara><link linkend="language.types.string.casting">Converting to
+ string</link></simpara>
+ </listitem>
+ <listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="language.types.array.casting">Converting to
array</link></simpara>
</listitem>
+ <!-- don't exist yet
<listitem>
<simpara><link linkend="language.types.object.casting">Converting to
object</link></simpara>
@@ -2248,18 +2135,6 @@
-->
</itemizedlist>
- </para>
- <para>
- <!-- TODO: move to 'converting to array' -->
- When casting from a scalar or a string variable to an array, the
- variable will become the first element of the array:
- <informalexample>
- <programlisting role="php">
-$var = 'ciao';
-$arr = (array) $var;
-echo $arr[0]; // outputs 'ciao'
- </programlisting>
- </informalexample>
</para>
<para>
<!-- TODO: move to 'converting to object' -->
--
PHP Documentation Mailing List (http://www.php.net/)
To unsubscribe, visit: http://www.php.net/unsub.php
