http://www.foxnews.com/tech/2016/02/11/hackers-could-throw-off-our-power-grid-by-manipulating-our-ac-units.html


Hackers could throw off our power grid by manipulating our AC units

By Lulu Chang

Published February 11, 2016

Ingenuity isn't exactly a quality you want in hackers, unless of course,
they're on your side. In a rather terrifying discovery, researchers have
found an alarming vulnerability in our security system, and it's one that
can be found in most American homes and offices -- the air conditioner.

Power grid failures, a topic of great consternation in movies
<http://www.digitaltrends.com/movies/> and in real life, would pose a
serious problem on a large scale, and as computer hacking and digital
warfare grow more advanced, security personnel are looking into some
unconventional methods by which certain breaches might occur. And the
latest possibility lies in none other than your AC unit. Experts told Wired
<http://www.wired.com/2016/02/how-to-hack-the-power-grid-through-home-air-conditioners/>
that hackers could potentially "remotely manipulate home and office air
conditioners to create a surge," with consequences that could be "very
serious."

Apparently, the danger lies in remotely controlled devices that utility
companies place on AC units in order to save energy during the hottest
months of the summer. Service providers often give customers financial
kickbacks if they agree to the installation, which allows power companies
to turn off the unit if demand for power gets too high. Unfortunately, not
only can utility companies access the devices, but as it turns out,
talented hackers can as well.

According to Vasilios Hioureas of Kaspersky Lab and Thomas Kinsey of
Exigent Systems, who carried out a research project in conjunction
with the Securing
Smart Cities <http://securingsmartcities.org/> initiative, "operators at
regional power centers send a command via radio frequency that gets
amplified through repeater stations installed throughout a city to reach
the devices and shut down air conditioners." The issue arises, however,
when this communication remains unencrypted with no authentication system
in place, which means that there's really no protection from unauthorized,
malicious users. In short, "anyone in the vicinity who can emit a stronger
signal than the one the utility company sends out through the repeater
stations can manipulate the devices as well."

"Anyone with $50 can generate a signal that can trump a repeater [to take
out a few air conditioners]; and anyone with $150 can generate that through
an [amplifier] and presumably take out a whole neighborhood," Kinsey told
Wired. "And obviously you can scale that up as much as you want to
[depending on the strength of your signal]."

And because entire groups of devices are given unique ID codes, hackers
could theoretically target certain offices, neighborhoods, or areas.
Moreover, if these devices were flipped on and off continuously, it could
throw the entire power grid off balance, creating even further rolling
effects. Most frightening of all, perhaps, is Wired's claim that "the
attack against the devices requires little skill." So if we don't find a
fix to this and fast, we could be in for a pretty problematic summer.




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