New post on *the personal blog of Mateen Elass*


<https://mateenelass.wordpress.com/author/mateenelass/>
Fake News Headline #4: Jihad Merely Means “Striving to Become a
Better Person”
<https://mateenelass.wordpress.com/2017/04/18/fake-news-headline-4-jihad-merely-means-striving-to-become-a-better-person/>

by mateenelass <https://mateenelass.wordpress.com/author/mateenelass/>

The word “election” is a fairly common term in the American vocabulary,
especially every four years during Presidential campaign seasons. Its basic
meaning, of course, is “the act of choosing or selecting.” However, were
you to ask what the term “election” means in the Bible, and a Christian
were to answer you, “Oh, it simply means “choosing or selecting someone or
something,” you would be right to think him/her rather disingenuous,
because in the Bible the word has become a *technical term*, typically
associated with the thoughts of predestination and the historical or
eternal plans and purposes of God.

The situation is similar in Islam with the word “jihad,” which is commonly
translated in the non-Muslim world as “holy war.” Muslim apologists
regularly dispute this, declaring that the word itself literally means
simply “effort or striving.” [image: brennan]Many are quick to point out a
minor tradition in the Hadith collections where Muhammad, upon returning
from battle with his troops, declares, “We have all returned from the
lesser jihad to the greater jihad.” His companions, confused, asked him,
“What is the greater jihad, O Prophet of God?” His response: “Jihad against
the desires.” As a result, Muslim apologists insist that the main meaning
of jihad involves the spiritual battle against the baser lusts of human
nature, in spite of the fact that Islamic scholars universally rate this
particular story as “da’if,” meaning “weak” and therefore unreliable. On
top of this is the overwhelming evidence in the Qur’an and Hadith and other
early Islamic traditions that “jihad” principally is of the “lesser”
variety.[image: jihad]

A simple investigation of these texts reveals that “jihad” is a technical
term within Islam – most common meaning is “striving with whatever means
available/necessary for the supremacy of Islam.” It has little to do with
an internal spiritual battle in the heart for holiness, but is almost
exclusively concerned with the advancement of Allah’s cause in the world.

As such, “jihad” is an expansive term. It does not only refer to the use of
force to increase the sovereignty of Islamic control in the world. Muslims
refer as well to the *jihad of the mouth or the pen*, i.e., the effort to
persuade others of the supremacy of Islam through argument. This form of
Muslim “evangelism” is spoken of as “da’wah,” which means literally “call
or invitation,” and is the softest form of jihad – an effort to expand the
supremacy of Islam by convincing others peacefully to join its ranks. But
there are other forms of jihad as well: *jihad of the hand *– the use of
good deeds toward others to promote the greatness of Islam; *economic jihad*
– the use of financial pressure to win advantages for the spread of
Islam; *political
jihad* – taking advantage of the freedoms and benefits of non-Muslim
countries in order to weaken or subvert those nations; *civilizational
jihad* – the expansion of Muslim populations in non-Muslim countries both
by immigration and birth rate, so as to outnumber the native population and
ultimately institute a Muslim government and Shari’a law; [image:
civilizational jihad]and finally of course, *jihad of the sword*, which we
now know so well since 9/11 (over 30,600 deadly Muslim terrorist attacks
around the world in the last 16 years) – the use of force to terrorize and
conquer non-Muslim populations.

Jihad is glorified in the Muslim world, especially jihad of the sword.
Those who kill and are killed while pursuing *jihad fi sabeel Allah *(armed
conflict “in the way of/for the sake of” Allah are promised the highest
honors and pleasures of Paradise (see Quran 9:111). The term is joined in
the Qur’an with two other militant terms involving bloody conflict with the
enemies of Islam: *qital* and *harb*. The former denotes fighting with
weapon in hand so as to slay one’s foe; the latter is the Arabic word for
“war.” While *jihad* occurs 28 times in the Qur’an commanding or explaining
the use of force “for the sake of Allah,” *qital *occurs 33 times and *harb*
6 times. There is no question that the principal Qur’anic meaning for
*jihad* involves the physical battlefield and the destruction or
subjugation of Islam’s enemies.

In addition to this, the earliest biographies of Muhammad revel in the fact
that within a year of his migration to Medina, the Arabian prophet begins
drumming this theme of jihad into the minds and hearts (and treasure
chests) of his followers, promising them both earthly and heavenly rewards
for becoming soldiers of Allah. Islamic sources relate that Muhammad
commanded or led over 70 military raids or battles in the nine years from
623 until his death in 632 – an average of one every 6-7 weeks. It’s not
hard to conclude that *jihad *played a central role in Muhammad’s vision of
spreading his religion’s supremacy over the unenlightened world around him.

The greatest amount of teaching from the prophet on the subject of jihad is
found in the Hadith collections. Of these six collections (in the Sunni
tradition) the greatest by popular and academic acclaim is that of Bukhari.
Of the roughly 200 reports dealing with jihad found in Bukhari, 2% of them
might be classified as the “greater jihad” of the heart; the other 98%
focus on the “lesser jihad” of the sword. There is no question as to where
Muhammad put his emphasis, according to orthodox traditions collected by
his followers.

The topic of jihad also occupies a prominent place in Shari’a law. [image:
undat al salik.jpg]According to one manual of Shari’a, ‘*Umdat as-Salik*
(which has the endorsement of Sunni Islam’s greatest university, al-Azhar),
“*Jihad** means to war against non-Muslims, and is etymologically derived
from the word **mujahada**, signifying warfare to establish the religion*”
(p.599; emphasis mine). The laws concerning jihad are based on 95
particular verses from the Qur’an as well as various hadith reports. This
Qur’anic support is greater than that supplied for any other topic covered
by Shari’a law!

Some apologists have conceded that while *jihad* may mean war against
infidels, such war is always defensive – only legitimate in response to an
attack on Muslims. In fact, this is not the case. Over the course of
Muhammad’s career, his teaching on how to deal with infidels evolved. Early
on, when his followers were few and his enemies strong, Muhammad counseled
the use of da’wah – seeking to persuade unbelievers through winsome words
and compelling arguments. After his followers began to experience
persecution (facing the loss of possessions, being forced from their homes,
etc.), he announced that they had the right to fight back to reclaim what
they had lost. The third stage moved from defensive to offensive jihad –
his followers could seek out and fight Islam’s enemies wherever they were,
but not during the four holy months of the lunar calendar which were
commonly regarded by all on the Arabian Peninsula as set apart for
pilgrimages to various shrines. Finally, when Muhammad and his armies were
seemingly invincible, he (and Allah) overruled the customs of the day and
commanded the Islamic armies to engage in offensive jihad with no
restrictions. Those commands remain in force even today, for no human being
can annul what Allah has revealed through his final prophet. Thus, orthodox
Islam is committed to jihad until all the world has bowed in submission to
Islam by living under Shari’a law as administered by the Caliph of the
Islamic state, as commanded in the Qur’an:

 “And fight them until there is no more Fitnah [disbelief and worshipping
of others along with Allah] and [all and every kind of] worship is for
Allah [Alone]” (2:193).

According to the Qur’an, Islam’s enemies are manifold. First to be dealt
with are those who have initiated attacks against the Muslim community or
lands. Of course, this can comprise almost anyone, since the Islamic mind
interprets any obstacles to its expansion as an attack upon the religion.
Second are the kuffar (these are not merely people ignorant of Islam, but
rather those who reject Islam – disbelievers).  Third are the mushrikun
(those who commit the sin of associating anything in the created order with
Allah; in other words, idol worshipers or polytheists – according to
Islamic theology, all orthodox Christians are mushrikun, because we believe
that Jesus is divine and human). Fourth are “the people of the Book” (Jews
and Christians) who have refused to recognize Muhammad as a true prophet,
i.e., refused to become Muslims) – in the Qur’an, Jews are cursed directly
by Allah ten times; Christians are not far behind. Fifth as enemies of
Allah are hypocrites and apostates – those who mouth allegiance to Muhammad
but fail to act in the interests of Islam, and those who reject Islam after
having originally called themselves believers.

All these enemies are to be fought and defeated, and *jihad* is the
divinely appointed tool to achieve this end. Frequent is the warning in the
Qur’an that Muslims who refuse to go to battle will end up roasting in
hell, while those who excel in warfare and achieve martyrdom will receive
sensual rewards beyond their wildest dreams. It’s no wonder that after
Muhammad’s death it took only a hundred years for the armies of Islam to
conquer territory as far west as Morocco and Iberia, and as far east as
India and the western reaches of China, all from the starting point of the
Hejaz in western Arabia.

So when you hear Muslims or their propagandists declaring with great
authority that Westerners are wrong to speak of jihad as “holy war,” [image:
willy-wonka-islam-means-surrender-its-all-about-peace-jihad-means-struggle]and
that jihad really only means “effort or struggle,” and principally refers
to the work of spirituality in the Muslim’s heart, and only involves the
sword when Muslims have been attacked, please set them straight. You have
the weight of the Qur’an, the Hadith, the Sira (biography of the prophet),
the early, bloody history of expansionist Islam, the Shari’a and the
interpretations of countless Muslim scholars on your side.

*mateenelass <https://mateenelass.wordpress.com/author/mateenelass/>* |
April 18, 2017 at 12:36 pm | Categories: Uncategorized
<https://mateenelass.wordpress.com/?cat=1> | URL: http://wp.me/pYJkf-KY

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