(Dari koran The Hindu)
Except India, globalisation slows growth in many
countries:ILO
New Delhi, Oct. 1 (PTI): With the "major exceptions"
of India and China, globalisation has not been
associated with a dramatic increase in economic
growth, says a latest ILO report.
"Globalisation has not been associated with a dramatic
increase in economic growth, as its advocates claimed
it would, and indeed has been associated with a
slowing of growth in many countries, with the major
exceptions of China and India," according to the
report "Economic Security for a Better World".
The 450-page report pointed out that "more crucially,
globalisation has been associated with an increase in
economic instability and a greater incidence of
economic crises".
Observing that social security systems have become
less universal, less solidaristic, less protective and
more differentiated, it said these factors contribute
to the growth of inequality and economic insecurity.
"A major form of income insecurity and impoverishment
is income instability, with large number of people
receiving income irregularly, often after extensive
delay," the document said.
Referring to work security vis-a-vis occupational
health and safety, the report said risks of injuries
and accidents remained very high, having grown in many
places because of the weakening of institutional
safeguards.
"Stress has become a major form of work insecurity,
affecting millions of workers, many of whom are in
affluent countries where labour intensity has
increased, and where time squeeze has become a modern
hazard for many more occupational groups," the report
said.
The chapter on work security also mentions harassment
in and around the workplace "in very many countries".
About "human capital", the report said "although many
workers feel they lack the skills they need, many
possess skills that are not used in their work".
Finding an "inverse correlation" between economic
security and income inequality, the report said that
countries with a highly unequal distribution of income
did significantly worse in terms of providing their
populations with adequate economic security.
Observing that economic security was "only weakly
correlated" with economic growth, the report cautioned
that opening up the economy hastily might lead to
social instability and added that economic security
was positively correlated with a national Happiness
Index.
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