Tenaga terdidik yang ngendon di luar negeri jangan dianggap barang hilang, begitu nasehat McKinsey Ltd. Diam-diam, Taiwan memanfaatkan mereka. Sistem ekonomi negara dimana PB pernah tinggal ini memang seperti magnit bagi mereka yang berorientasi ekonomi-pasar. Ditambah lagi dengan adanya kebijakan baru yang mendorong terbentuknya usaha venture capital, dan negara mendanai riset dan PENDIDIKAN secara besar-besaran -- semua ini menjadi daya tarik tersendiri bagi warga Taiwan yang ngendon diluar untuk pulang. Tak boleh dilupakan peranan Hsinshu industrial park yang memfokuskan diri pada hi-tech. Orang Taiwan yang hijrah dari Silicon Valley mendirikan lebih dari 50% usaha disana. Kalau tidak salah Acer juga ada disana. Sumbangan Hsinshu pada GDP tidak tanggung-tanggung: 10% !!!
Salam, RM ----------------------------- McKinsey Quarterly Brains Abroad The McKinsey Quarterly, 12.13.04, 5:30 PM ET To study a banyan tree, you not only must know its main stem in its own soil, but also must trace the growth of its greatness in the further soil, for then you can know the true nature of its vitality.--Rabindranath Tagore The McKinsey Quarterly makes available its research by special arrangement with Forbes.com. Click here to read the full text of this article on The McKinsey Quarterly site. Free registration is required. Consider a few statistics. In the 1990s, roughly 650,000 people from emerging markets migrated to the United States on professional-employment visas. Over 40% of the foreign-born adults in the United States have at least some college education, thereby making that country the epicenter of the global talent drain. Foreign-born workers now make up 20% of all employees in the U.S. information technology sector. About 30% of the 1998 graduating class of the famed Indian Institute of Technology--and a staggering 80% of the graduates in computer science--headed for graduate schools or jobs in the United States. Some 80% of foreign doctoral students in science and engineering plan to stay there after graduation--up from 50% in 1985. Roughly a third of the R&D professionals of developing countries have left them to work in the United States, the members of the European Union, or Japan. As the global war for talent heats up, this flow of the best and the brightest from developing countries is likely to increase. Singapore is recruiting in China, India, and Malaysia to fill IT positions. Japan forecasts that it will have to import at least 30,000 high-technology workers over the next five years. The United States has nearly doubled the annual quota of temporary work visas it grants to foreign professionals--to 195,000, from 115,000. Many fear that this talent drain will have lasting economic repercussions on the developing world, robbing it not only of the skills of these workers but also of their influence on the productivity of others. Now more than ever, intangible capital (such as intellectual property and brands) rather than physical capital separates the winners from the rest. Developing and retaining highly skilled professionals is therefore a crucial long-term investment for any country. It is unrealistic to think that this trend can be reversed in the near future. Although emerging markets have generally offered a hodgepodge of regulatory and fiscal incentives to lure emigrants back home, these efforts have largely failed--no surprise, since most emigrants quickly become acculturated to their new countries and create personal and professional ties there. Moreover, the emigrants' main reason for leaving--a lack of comparable career opportunities at home--remains unresolved. For most countries, tackling the fundamental causes of the talent drain will take years. Comprehensive economic reform is required to increase competition and level the playing field, to strengthen financial systems, and to streamline regulatory requirements. Taiwan is a rare exception: its long commitment to building a market-oriented economy--coupled with initiatives such as the creation of a venture capital industry and investments in research and education--has prompted many expatriates to return. The Hsinchu Science-Based Industrial Park is a key attraction: Silicon Valley returnees started more than half of the companies there, and it now accounts for roughly 10% of Taiwan's gross national product. But the hard reality is that few emerging markets have any hope, in the foreseeable future, of creating the type and volume of economic opportunities needed to reverse or even substantially slow the brain drain. Governments shouldn't view emigrants as entirely lost resources, however, for they can be used to promote economic growth. The emigrants' technical and business skills, commercial relationships, and financial capital can all be harnessed to make long-distance economic contributions through foreign direct investment, venture funding, financial investments, and commercial and educational exchanges. Yet most developing nations have done little to leverage their expatriate talent strategically. If they are to minimize the effects of the continuing loss, this state of affairs will have to change. Excerpted from The McKinsey Quarterly ------------------------ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor --------------------~--> Give the gift of life to a sick child. 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