Satu tulisan yang menarik. Mungkin aspek2 yang mendasari kemajuan China bisa diambil sebagai pembelajaran buat RI. Tapi seperti di beritakan diachir tulisan ini yang menceritakan apa yang dikatakan oleh Dheng Xiaoping kepada visiting president Ghana Jerry Rawlings.......persyaratan yang mendukung kemajuan China tidak bisa di copy mentah2. Semua negara punya kondisinya sendiri2 . Rupanya memang peristiwa majunya China ini akan menjadi suatu event yang amat penting dalam sejarah dunia. Kenapa? Karena dari negara deldel duwel, dalam masa 2 dasa warsa bisa memberikan kebanggaan dan kemajuan ekonomi bagi rakyatnya. Pikir2 China mendahulukan realisme ketimbang dogma2. Harry Adinegara
var tools_host = 'http://www.iht.com'; var tools_path_n_filename = '/articles/2006/11/01/opinion/edafrica.php'; var tools_headline = 'The allure of the Chinese model'; var tools_articleID = '3357752'; var availableClippings = new Array(); availableClippings[0] = "/articles/2006/11/01/opinion/edafrica.php"; var ord = Math.random() * 10000000000000000; --------------------------------- ord = Math.random() * 10000000000000000; document.write(''); if ((!document.images & navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Mozilla/2.') >= 0)|| navigator.userAgent.indexOf("WebTV") >= 0) {document.write('');} [input] [input] Subscribe to the newspaper Find out more >> ord = Math.random() * 10000000000000000; document.write(''); if ((!document.images & navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Mozilla/2.') >= 0)|| navigator.userAgent.indexOf("WebTV") >= 0){ document.write(''); } Marketplace by Bloomberg Your Money Market Data Currency Converter Funds Insite At Home Abroad Arts & Events Europe Americas Asia - Pacific Africa & Middle East Weather Publishing Partnerships Remove all clippings Remove all read clippings The allure of the Chinese model Wei-Wei Zhang / International Herald Tribune Published: November 1, 2006 document.writeln(''); E-Mail Article Printer-Friendly 3-Column Format Translate Share Article Add to Clippings Text Size ord = Math.random() * 10000000000000000; document.write(''); if ((!document.images & navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Mozilla/2.') >= 0)|| navigator.userAgent.indexOf("WebTV") >= 0){ document.write(''); } BEIJING: Many of the African leaders coming here for the Chinese-African summit meeting are attracted not only by opportunities for aid and trade, but also by the Chinese model of development. They know that only three decades ago, China was as poor as Malawi. But while the latter remains among the world's poorest, China's economy has expanded nine-fold. Indeed, the Chinese model has in many ways challenged the conventional wisdom in the West on how to fight poverty and ensure good governance. Its key features are: People matter. Since 1978, China has pursued a down-to-earth strategy for modernization, and has focused on meeting the most pressing needs of the people. The architect of China's reform, Deng Xiaoping, argued that China could only "seek truth from facts," not from dogmas, and all reforms must take account of local conditions and deliver tangible benefits. Constant experimentation. All changes in China first go through a process of trial and error on a small scale, and only when they are shown to work are they are applied elsewhere. Today in Opinion Democrats and Iraq: America is waiting A shameless corporate bid to soften rules Other Views: Haaretz, Business Times, The Economist Gradual reform, not big bang. China rejected "shock therapy" and worked through the existing, imperfect institutions while gradually reforming them and reorienting them to serve modernization. A developmental state. China's change has been led by a strong and pro-development state that is capable of shaping national consensus on modernization and ensuring overall political and macroeconomic stability in which to pursue wide-ranging domestic reforms. Selective learning. China has retained its long tradition of "selective cultural borrowing" - including from the neoliberal American model, and especially its emphasis on the role of the market, entrepreneurship, globalization and international trade. It is inaccurate to describe the Chinese model as the "Beijing consensus" versus the "Washington consensus." What makes the Chinese experience unique is that Beijing has safeguarded its own policy space as to when, where and how to adopt foreign ideas. Correct sequencing and priorities. China's post- 1978 change has had a clear pattern: easy reforms first, difficult ones second; rural reforms first, urban ones second; changes in coastal areas first, inland second; economic reforms first, political ones second. The advantage is that the experiences gained in the first stage create conditions for the next stage. Over the past 25 years, I've traveled to more than 100 countries, most of them developing countries, including 18 in Africa. I have concluded that in terms of eradicating poverty and helping the poor and the marginalized, the Chinese model, however imperfect, has worked far more effectively than what can be called the American model, as represented by the IMF-designed Structural Adjustment Program (SAP) for sub-Saharan Africa and the "shock therapy" for Russia. The American model is largely ideology driven, with a focus on mass democratization. With little regard to local conditions, it treats sub-Saharan Africa or other less developed countries as mature societies in which Western institutions will automatically take root. It imposed liberalization before safety nets were set up; privatization before regulatory frameworks were put in place, and democratization before a culture of political tolerance and rule of law was established. The end result has often been discouraging or even devastating. The paramount task for most developing countries is how to eradicate poverty, a root cause of conflicts and various forms of extremism. What they usually need is not a liberal democratic government, but a good government capable of fighting poverty and delivering basic services and basic security. Furthermore, conditions for a liberal democratic government - rule of law, a sizable middle class, a well-educated population, a culture of political tolerance - are simply absent in most poor countries. Enforcing premature democratization on them often leads to what Fareed Zakaria has called "illiberal democracies," or worse, ethnic and sectarian conflicts. So long as the American model remains unable to deliver the desired outcome, as shown so clearly in failures from Haiti to the Philippines to Iraq, the Chinese model will become more appealing to the world's poor. I well remember Deng telling the visiting president of Ghana, Jerry Rawlings, in September 1985: "Please don't copy our model. If there is any experience on our part, it is to formulate policies in light of one's own national conditions." 1 | 2 Next Page ord = Math.random() * 10000000000000000; document.write(''); if ((!document.images & navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Mozilla/2.') >= 0)|| navigator.userAgent.indexOf("WebTV") >= 0) {document.write('');} ord = Math.random() * 10000000000000000; document.write(''); if ((!document.images & navigator.userAgent.indexOf('Mozilla/2.') >= 0)|| navigator.userAgent.indexOf("WebTV") >= 0) {document.write('');} function mostEmailed(panel) { var numPanels = 3; for (var i = 1; i Most E-Mailed Articles Last 24 Hours Last 7 Days Last 30 Days 1. Bangkok airport experiences severe birthing pains 2. Israeli unease grows over fraying U.S. ties 3. Tempting iPod fans to change their tune 4. Waiting for Skype to pay off for eBay 5. Philippines killings rise, and U.S. firms speak out 6. APEC hopes to 'give a push' to trade talks 7. Boy's death sparks riot at Chinese hospital 8. 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