Dengan mekanisme yang mirip lubang hitam dengan pemampatan massa kemudian 
diblender menguap menjadi cahaya, maka untuk melubangi ruang-waktu diperlukan 
pemampatan energi disuatu titik, sedemikian sehingga energi yang dimampatkan 
tsb mampu merobek ruang-waktu. Teknisnya dengan melakukan ledakan nuklir di 
dalam suatu lapisan Dysonsfer yang relatif kecil namun tangguh, atau dengan 
melakukan tembakan beberapa super laser ke sebuah titik sehingga terbentuk 
lubang ruang-waktu di titik tersebut.. Energi besar yang dimampatkan/ditajamkan 
akan mampu merobek dimensi ruang-waktu.

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http://www.livescience.com/space/080623-mm-black-holes.html

Black Holes All Eat the Same Way

By Robert Roy Britt, and Clara Moskowitz

    This composite image of M81 includes X-rays from the Chandra (blue), 
optical data from Hubble (green), infrared from Spitzer (pink) and ultraviolet 
data from GALEX (purple). The inset shows a close-up of the Chandra image where 
a supermassive black hole about 70 million times more massive than the Sun 
lurks. A new study using data from Chandra and ground-based telescopes, 
combined with detailed theoretical models, shows that the giant black hole in 
M81 feeds just like ones with masses of only about ten times that of the Sun. 
Credit: X-ray: NASA/CXC/Wisconsin/D.Pooley and CfA/A.Zezas; Optical: 
NASA/ESA/CfA/A.Zezas; UV: NASA/JPL-Caltech/CfA/J.Huchra et al.; IR: 
NASA/JPL-Caltech/CfA

Black holes are often described as voracious and monstrous, with sloppy eating 
habits that cause X-rays to be coughed up and spat out willy nilly.

Pushing the dietary analogy a bit further, scientists now say that regardless 
of where black holes dine, they have the same culinary habits.

Supermassive black holes, which anchor many galaxies, feed just like smaller 
"stellar" black holes, the researchers announced last week. The finding 
supports some implications of Einstein's relativity theory that black holes of 
all sizes have similar properties.

The conclusion comes from a large observing campaign of the spiral galaxy M81, 
which is about 12 million light-years from Earth. In the center of M81 is a 
black hole about 70 million times more massive than the sun. It pulls gas from 
the central region of the galaxy inward at high speed.

Stellar mass black holes typically weigh just a few solar masses and have a 
different source of food. They pull gas from an orbiting companion star.

In both cases, when black holes dine, material spirals inward and becomes 
superheated, giving off X-rays and other forms of radiation.

Researchers wondered if they'd have the same feeding mechanism. A study of the 
X-rays, optical light and radio waves emitted from the jowls of both black hole 
varieties suggests they do.

Scientists used the Chandra X-ray Observatory and multiple ground-based 
telescopes to take detailed observations of the huge black hole at the center 
of the M81 galaxy, and compared these to observations of smaller black holes. 
They found that while the total energy coming out of the massive black hole was 
larger, the relative amounts of energy being emitted at different wavelengths — 
from radio to infrared to X-ray light — were roughly the same.

"The shape of the light curves looks very much the same," said researcher 
Michael Nowak of MIT. "The only difference is the total energy coming out. The 
characteristic energy of the matter and the speeds of the jets all seem to work 
the same way. It's just that big black holes have more matter."

Even the material falling onto the black hole seems to travel at the same 
speed, regardless of the black hole's size. But since a more massive black hole 
has a wider event horizon, or distance within which matter cannot escape, it 
takes material longer to fall in.

"Everything around this huge black hole looks just the same except it's almost 
10 million times bigger," Nowak said.

The findings help scientists understand how black holes work on a fundamental 
level.

"I think what this is really doing is helping us see the connection between 
different kinds of black holes," Nowak told SPACE.com. "The more we can say 
that big and small black holes are analogous to each other, it gives us a 
better idea to understand how black holes eat matter and eject matter."

And because large black holes are thought to play an important role in galaxy 
formation and evolution, by learning more about black holes scientists can 
better understand how galaxies came to be, he said.



      

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