beobal commented on code in PR #4630:
URL: https://github.com/apache/cassandra/pull/4630#discussion_r2904014619


##########
src/java/org/apache/cassandra/db/SystemPeersValidator.java:
##########
@@ -0,0 +1,227 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.cassandra.db;
+
+import java.net.InetAddress;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.HashSet;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Set;
+
+import org.slf4j.Logger;
+import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
+
+import org.apache.cassandra.cql3.UntypedResultSet;
+import org.apache.cassandra.db.marshal.UTF8Type;
+import org.apache.cassandra.db.virtual.PeersTable;
+import org.apache.cassandra.locator.InetAddressAndPort;
+import org.apache.cassandra.schema.SchemaConstants;
+import org.apache.cassandra.tcm.ClusterMetadata;
+import org.apache.cassandra.tcm.membership.Location;
+import org.apache.cassandra.tcm.membership.NodeAddresses;
+import org.apache.cassandra.tcm.membership.NodeId;
+import org.apache.cassandra.utils.FBUtilities;
+
+import static org.apache.cassandra.cql3.QueryProcessor.executeInternal;
+import static org.apache.cassandra.db.SystemKeyspace.LEGACY_PEERS;
+import static org.apache.cassandra.db.SystemKeyspace.PEERS_V2;
+
+/**
+ * Validator to ensure system.peers and system.peers_v2 tables match 
ClusterMetadata on startup.
+ * This is critical for backward compatibility as older clients and tools read 
from these
+ * legacy tables while TCM uses ClusterMetadata as the source of truth.
+ *
+ * The validator detects inconsistencies and automatically repairs them by 
synchronizing
+ * the peers tables with the current ClusterMetadata.
+ */
+public class SystemPeersValidator
+{
+    private static final Logger logger = 
LoggerFactory.getLogger(SystemPeersValidator.class);
+
+    public static void validateAndRepair(ClusterMetadata metadata)
+    {
+        Map<InetAddressAndPort, UntypedResultSet.Row> peersV2Rows = 
getPeersV2Rows();
+        Map<InetAddress, UntypedResultSet.Row> legacyPeersRows = 
getLegacyPeersRows();
+
+        Map<InetAddressAndPort, NodeId> expectedEndpoints = new HashMap<>();
+        Map<InetAddress, NodeId> expectedAddresses = new HashMap<>();
+        for (NodeId nodeId : getExpectedPeerNodes(metadata))
+        {
+            InetAddressAndPort endpoint = metadata.directory.endpoint(nodeId);
+            expectedEndpoints.put(endpoint, nodeId);
+            expectedAddresses.put(endpoint.getAddress(), nodeId);
+        }
+
+        String deleteV2Query = String.format("DELETE FROM %s.%s WHERE peer = ? 
AND peer_port = ?",
+                                               
SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME, PEERS_V2);
+        for (InetAddressAndPort endpoint : peersV2Rows.keySet())
+        {
+            if (!expectedEndpoints.containsKey(endpoint))
+            {
+                logger.info("Removing stale peer {} from {}", endpoint, 
PEERS_V2);
+                executeInternal(deleteV2Query, endpoint.getAddress(), 
endpoint.getPort());
+            }
+        }
+
+        String deleteLegacyQuery = String.format("DELETE FROM %s.%s WHERE peer 
= ?",
+                                                   
SchemaConstants.SYSTEM_KEYSPACE_NAME,
+                                                   LEGACY_PEERS);
+        for (InetAddress address : legacyPeersRows.keySet())
+        {
+            if (!expectedAddresses.containsKey(address))
+            {
+                logger.info("Removing stale peer {} from {}", address, 
LEGACY_PEERS);
+                executeInternal(deleteLegacyQuery, address);
+            }
+        }
+
+        for (Map.Entry<InetAddressAndPort, NodeId> entry : 
expectedEndpoints.entrySet())
+        {
+            NodeId nodeId = entry.getValue();
+            InetAddressAndPort endpoint = entry.getKey();
+            UntypedResultSet.Row v2Row = peersV2Rows.get(endpoint);
+            UntypedResultSet.Row legacyRow = 
legacyPeersRows.get(endpoint.getAddress());
+
+            List<String> v2Discrepancies = collectV2Discrepancies(v2Row, 
nodeId, metadata);

Review Comment:
   > It tells an operator exactly what's wrong — e.g. Updating peer 10.0.0.1 in 
peers_v2 for stale fields [data_center, rack]
   
   yes, IMO this is unnecessary and given the frequency with which I would 
anticipate this actually happening, I don't think it's worth the code bloat.
   
   > With Row::toString(), we will get pipe-delimited positional values without 
column names, and the operator would have to figure out the diff manually to 
identify what's stale.
   
   I think this is fine, in the unlikely situation that a mismatch is detected 
having the full row logged would be good enough, figuring out the diff manually 
would pretty straightforward. 
   
   > I did consider it, but reverted that change because I found it more 
convenient to see the complete set of validations for a given table at a glance 
without jumping between methods. 
   
   What I had in mind was something like:
   ```
       private static boolean peersV2RowIsEquivalent(UntypedResultSet.Row row,
                                                     NodeId nodeId,
                                                     ClusterMetadata metadata)
       {
           NodeAddresses addresses = 
metadata.directory.getNodeAddresses(nodeId);
           return commonColumnsAreEquivalent(row, nodeId, addresses, metadata) 
&&
                  row.has("preferred_port") && 
Objects.equals(row.getInetAddress("preferred_port"), 
addresses.broadcastAddress.getPort()) &&
                  row.has("rpc_port") && 
Objects.equals(row.getInetAddress("rpc_port"), 
addresses.nativeAddress.getPort());
       }
   
       private static boolean peersRowIsEquivalent(UntypedResultSet.Row row,
                                                   NodeId nodeId,
                                                   ClusterMetadata metadata)
       {
           NodeAddresses addresses = 
metadata.directory.getNodeAddresses(nodeId);
           return commonColumnsAreEquivalent(row, nodeId, addresses, metadata);
       }
   
       private static boolean commonColumnsAreEquivalent(UntypedResultSet.Row 
row,
                                                         NodeId nodeId,
                                                         NodeAddresses 
addresses,
                                                         ClusterMetadata 
metadata)
       {
           if (row == null)
               return false;
           Location location = metadata.directory.location(nodeId);
           // This column is differently named in the peers and peers_v2 tables
           String nativeAddressColumn = row.has("native_address") ? 
"native_address" : "rpc_address";
   
           // Check existence first because row.getXXX can NPE if the column is 
not present
           return row.has("preferred_ip")      && 
Objects.equals(row.getInetAddress("preferred_ip"), 
addresses.broadcastAddress.getAddress()) &&
                  row.has(nativeAddressColumn) && 
Objects.equals(row.getInetAddress(nativeAddressColumn), 
addresses.nativeAddress.getAddress()) &&
                  row.has("data_center")       && 
Objects.equals(row.getString("data_center"), location.datacenter) &&
                  row.has("rack")              && 
Objects.equals(row.getString("rack"), location.rack) &&
                  row.has("host_id")           && 
Objects.equals(row.getUUID("host_id"), nodeId.toUUID()) &&
                  row.has("release_version")   && 
Objects.equals(row.getString("release_version"), 
metadata.directory.version(nodeId)) &&
                  row.has("schema_version")    && 
Objects.equals(row.getUUID("schema_version"), metadata.schema.getVersion()) &&
                  row.has("tokens")            && 
Objects.equals(row.getSet("tokens", UTF8Type.instance), 
tokensAsSet(metadata.tokenMap.tokens(nodeId)));
       }
   ```
   



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