PAREWA PAREWA yang emang sudah gila itu lagi pamer usi otaknya yang busuk, nista lagi menjijikkan.
--- In proletar@yahoogroups.com, PAREWA <parewa70@...> wrote: > > dari tingkah laku anda tampak jelas indikasi DNA anda berasal dari baruak > gadang > > --- Pada Rab, 25/5/11, Jusfiq <kesayangan.allah@...> menulis: > > Dari: Jusfiq <kesayangan.allah@...> > Judul: [proletar] SD: Population Genetics Reveals Shared Ancestries: DNA > Links Modern Europeans, M > Kepada: proletar@yahoogroups.com > Tanggal: Rabu, 25 Mei, 2011, 2:17 PM > > > > > > > >  > > > > > > > > > > Web address: > > http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2011/05/ > > 110524153536.htm > > Population Genetics Reveals Shared Ancestries: DNA Links Modern Europeans, > Middle Easterners to Sub-Saharan Africans > > > > A recent study casts new light on the intermingling and migration of > European, Middle Eastern and African and populations since ancient times. > (Credit: © Alx / Fotolia) > > > > ScienceDaily (May 24, 2011) â" More than just a tool for predicting health, > modern genetics is upending long-held assumptions about who we are. A new > study by Harvard researchers casts new light on the intermingling and > migration of European, Middle Eastern and African and populations since > ancient times. > > > > In a paper titled "The History of African Gene Flow into Southern Europeans, > Levantines and Jews," published in PLoS Genetics, HMS Associate Professor of > Genetics David Reich and his colleagues investigated the proportion of > sub-Saharan African ancestry present in various populations in West Eurasia, > defined as the geographic area spanning modern Europe and the Middle East. > While previous studies have established that such shared ancestry exists, > they have not indicated to what degree or how far back the mixing of > populations can be traced. > > > > Analyzing publicly available genetic data from 40 populations comprising > North Africans, Middle Easterners and Central Asians were doctoral student > Priya Moorjani and Alkes Price, an assistant professor in the Program in > Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology within the Department of Epidemiology at > the Harvard School of Public Health. > > > > Moorjani traced genetic ancestry using a method called rolloff. This > platform, developed in the Reich lab, compares the size and composition of > stretches of DNA between two human populations as a means of estimating when > they mixed. The smaller and more broken up the DNA segments, the older the > date of mixture. > > > > Moorjani used the technique to examine the genomes of modern West Eurasian > populations to find signatures of Sub-Saharan African ancestry. She did this > by looking for chromosomal segments in West Eurasian DNA that closely matched > those of Sub-Saharan Africans. By plotting the distribution of these segments > and estimating their rate of genetic decay, Reich's lab was able to determine > the proportion of African genetic ancestry still present, and to infer > approximately when the West Eurasian and Sub-Saharan African populations > mixed. > > > > "The genetic decay happens very slowly," Moorjani explained, "so today, > thousands of years later, there is enough evidence for us to estimate the > date of population mixture." > > > > While the researchers detected no African genetic signatures in Northern > European populations, they found a distinct presence of African ancestry in > Southern European, Middle Eastern and Jewish populations. Modern southern > European groups can attribute about 1 to 3 percent of their genetic signature > to African ancestry, with the intermingling of populations dating back 55 > generations, on average -- that is, to roughly 1,600 years ago. Middle > Eastern groups have inherited about 4 to 15 percent, with the mixing of > populations dating back roughly 32 generations. A diverse array of Jewish > populations can date their Sub-Saharan African ancestry back roughly 72 > generations, on average, accounting for 3 to 5 percent of their genetic > makeup today. > > > > According to Reich, these findings address a long-standing debate over > African multicultural influences in Europe. The dates of population mixtures > are consistent with documented historical events. For example, the mixing of > African and southern European populations coincides with events during the > Roman Empire and Arab migrations that followed. The older-mixture dates among > African and Jewish populations are consistent with events in biblical times, > such as the Jewish diaspora that occurred in 8th to 6th century BC. > > > > "Our study doesn't prove that the African ancestry is associated with > migrations associated with events in the Bible documented by archeologists," > Reich says, "but it's interesting to speculate." > > > > Reich was surprised to see any level of shared ancestry between the Ashkenazi > and non-Ashkenazi Jewish groups. "I've never been convinced they were > actually related to each other," Reich says, but he now concludes that his > lab's findings have significant cultural and genetic implications. > "Population boundaries that many people think are impermeable are, in fact, > not that way." > > Email or share this story: > > | More > > > > Story Source: > > > > The above story is reprinted (with editorial adaptations by ScienceDaily > staff) from materials provided by Harvard Medical School. The original > article was written by Joanna Logue. > > > > Journal Reference: > > > > 1. Priya Moorjani, Nick Patterson, Joel N. Hirschhorn, Alon Keinan, Li Hao, > Gil Atzmon, Edward Burns, Harry Ostrer, Alkes L. Price, David Reich. The > History of African Gene Flow into Southern Europeans, Levantines, and Jews. > PLoS Genetics, 2011; 7 (4): e1001373 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1001373 > > > > Need to cite this story in your essay, paper, or report? Use one of the > following formats: > > APA > > > > MLA > > Harvard Medical School (2011, May 24). Population genetics reveals shared > ancestries: DNA links modern Europeans, Middle Easterners to Sub-Saharan > Africans. ScienceDaily. Retrieved May 25, 2011, from > http://www.sciencedaily.com /releases/2011/05/110524153536.htm > > > > Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead. > > > > Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis > or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of > ScienceDaily or its staff. > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > > [Non-text portions of this message have been removed] > ------------------------------------ Post message: prole...@egroups.com Subscribe : proletar-subscr...@egroups.com Unsubscribe : proletar-unsubscr...@egroups.com List owner : proletar-ow...@egroups.com Homepage : http://proletar.8m.com/Yahoo! Groups Links <*> To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/proletar/ <*> Your email settings: Individual Email | Traditional <*> To change settings online go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/proletar/join (Yahoo! ID required) <*> To change settings via email: proletar-dig...@yahoogroups.com proletar-fullfeatu...@yahoogroups.com <*> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: proletar-unsubscr...@yahoogroups.com <*> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
