Can you provide a CMakeLists.txt where I can build the Protobuf after I 
clone the repository?

I am trying to get an answer for two weeks. If I post a question on github 
issue, it is immediately closed with one sentence random answer.
Protobuf is extremely good project, but please please please provide 
support for C++ build and link.

I do not want to use VCPKG or other package managers. 


On Friday, 26 September 2025 at 15:19:27 UTC+2 Em Rauch wrote:

> > I also do not understand the versioning logic, you are using v3.20 
> version while one year later we have v32 version.
>
> https://protobuf.dev/support/version-support/
>
>  C++Proto has gone from 3.20 to 6.32 in the time period you are looking at.
>
> We use a monotonically increasing minor that is the same across all 
> languages, which is the release or protoc version which is "32.0". Each 
> language uses that for its minor/point but has a language-specific major 
> version: the 32.0 protoc is the one for C++ 6.32.0, C# 3.32.0, java 4.32.0. 
>
> In the past few years we have shifted around where we shifted some places 
> that were cross-language topics from calling it "3.20.0" to referring to it 
> as "20.0" which is what you are noticing, but 3.20.0 was already 
> cross-language-version=20.0.
>
>
> On Thu, Sep 25, 2025 at 12:33 PM Petras Vestartas <[email protected]> 
> wrote:
>
>> Hi,
>>
>> Do you have cmake that works for the current version of protubuf?
>>
>> I also do not understand the versioning logic, you are using v3.20 
>> version while one year later we have v32 version.
>>
>> On Monday, 19 August 2024 at 15:49:47 UTC+2 Claude Robitaille wrote:
>>
>>> I forgot that this is required in my main project top CMakeList.txt:
>>>
>>> find_package(protobuf REQUIRED PATHS 
>>> $ENV{INSTALL}/protobuf/lib/cmake/protobuf)
>>> include($ENV{INSTALL}/protobuf/lib/cmake/protobuf/protobuf-module.cmake)
>>>
>>> Also, I am on Linux but I do not see why it would be different on macOS.
>>>
>>>
>>> On Monday, August 19, 2024 at 9:46:38 a.m. UTC-4 Claude Robitaille wrote:
>>>
>>>> I have been using protobuf with static linking for years and moved to 
>>>> cmake a few months ago.
>>>>
>>>> Since I always cross-compile I never use the system installed library 
>>>> and tools so my flow is this
>>>> 1 - Build, using cmake anything that must be using the local compiler 
>>>> (in the case of protobuf because protoc is needed for later). ATM it is 
>>>> only protobuf
>>>> 2 - Build all the dependencies, also using cmake
>>>> 3 - Build my project, including internal libraries.
>>>>
>>>> For the first step, ie building protobuf and produce a static archive 
>>>> (a file ending with .a) I use this excerpt from the corresponding cmake:
>>>> include(ExternalProject)
>>>>
>>>> ExternalProject_Add(
>>>>     protobuf
>>>>     GIT_REPOSITORY https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf.git
>>>>     GIT_TAG v3.20.3
>>>>     SOURCE_SUBDIR cmake
>>>>     CMAKE_ARGS
>>>>         -Dprotobuf_BUILD_TESTS=OFF
>>>>         -Dprotobuf_BUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF
>>>>         -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$ENV{INSTALL}/protobuf
>>>>         -Dprotobuf_BUILD_CONFORMANCE=OFF
>>>>         -Dprotobuf_BUILD_EXAMPLES=OFF
>>>>         -Dprotobuf_BUILD_LIBPROTOC=ON
>>>>         -Dprotobuf_BUILD_SHARED_LIBS=OFF
>>>>         -Dprotobuf_MSVC_STATIC_RUNTIME=OFF
>>>>         -Dprotobuf_WITH_ZLIB=OFF
>>>>     BUILD_BYPRODUCTS
>>>>         $ENV{INSTALL}/lib/libprotobuf.a
>>>>         $ENV{INSTALL}/bin/protoc
>>>> )
>>>>
>>>> Note that the install prefix comes from an environment variable. It is 
>>>> normally set to ./build  In other word, protobuf and the cmake files are 
>>>> in 
>>>> a child directory off the main build location (which is used by step 3 
>>>> above). Also, SHARED_LIBS is Off meaning that a static library is created.
>>>>
>>>> And then in my main project (so step 3 above), I use this to process my 
>>>> proto files (I use to only deal with c++ hence the name; I added python at 
>>>> a later stage):
>>>>
>>>> set(GLOBAL_PROTO_FILES "" CACHE INTERNAL "")
>>>>
>>>> # Define the append function used by other CMakeList files
>>>> function(append_proto_file filename)
>>>>     set(GLOBAL_PROTO_FILES ${GLOBAL_PROTO_FILES} ${filename} CACHE 
>>>> INTERNAL "")
>>>> endfunction()
>>>>
>>>> #
>>>> # The proto file processing function
>>>> #
>>>>
>>>> function(CREATE_CPP_PROTO SRCS HDRS)
>>>>     list(REMOVE_DUPLICATES GLOBAL_PROTO_FILES)
>>>>     
>>>>     set(${SRCS})
>>>>     set(${HDRS})   
>>>>
>>>>     #printList(VAR ${PROTO_SRC_TREE} TITLE "Proto location location")
>>>>     #printList(VAR ${GLOBAL_PROTO_FILES} TITLE "Proto files")
>>>>   
>>>>     add_library(proto-objects OBJECT ${GLOBAL_PROTO_FILES})
>>>>     target_link_libraries(proto-objects PUBLIC protobuf::libprotobuf)
>>>>     target_include_directories(proto-objects PUBLIC 
>>>> "$<BUILD_INTERFACE:$ENV{GENERATED}>")
>>>>     
>>>>     make_directory($ENV{GENERATED})
>>>>     make_directory($ENV{GENERATED}/python)
>>>>     
>>>>     # This is a function provided by the cmake binding for protobuf 
>>>>     # C++
>>>>     protobuf_generate(
>>>>       TARGET proto-objects
>>>>       LANGUAGE cpp
>>>>       PROTOC_OUT_DIR $ENV{GENERATED}
>>>>       IMPORT_DIRS ${MODELS_DIR};${PROTO_SRC_TREE}
>>>>       #IMPORT_DIRS ${MODELS_DIR}
>>>>       #PROTOC_OPTIONS "--cpp_opt=paths=source_relative"
>>>>       #PROTOC_OPTIONS "--proto_path=${MODELS_DIR}"
>>>>     )
>>>>     
>>>>     # Python    
>>>>     protobuf_generate(
>>>>       TARGET proto-objects
>>>>       LANGUAGE python
>>>>       PROTOC_OUT_DIR $ENV{GENERATED}/python
>>>>       IMPORT_DIRS ${MODELS_DIR};${PROTO_SRC_TREE}
>>>>     )
>>>>
>>>>     target_include_directories(proto-objects PRIVATE $ENV{GENERATED})
>>>>        
>>>>     # Probably useless but other targets depends on it, so we keep it 
>>>> but it does nothing. In future we could probably remove
>>>>     # reference to it. 
>>>>     add_custom_target(PROTO_FILES_READY
>>>>       COMMENT "Moving .pb.h and _pb2.py files to replicate source 
>>>> directory structure"
>>>>     )  
>>>>   
>>>>     set_source_files_properties(${${SRCS}} ${${HDRS}} PROPERTIES 
>>>> GENERATED TRUE)
>>>>     set(${SRCS} ${${SRCS}} PARENT_SCOPE)
>>>>     set(${HDRS} ${${HDRS}} PARENT_SCOPE)
>>>> endfunction()
>>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> On Monday, August 19, 2024 at 2:32:25 a.m. UTC-4 Marcin Lewandowski 
>>>> wrote:
>>>>
>>>>> Hello,
>>>>>
>>>>> I am working on a library where I would use protobuf. 
>>>>>
>>>>> I need to link it statically. The target platform is macOS. 
>>>>>
>>>>> The usual way of fetching dependencies (brew install protobuf) is no 
>>>>> go, as it comes only with shared libraries.
>>>>>
>>>>> I tried forcing homebrew to rebuild protobuf (brew install protobuf 
>>>>> --build-from-source) but it fails as some tests are not passing (logs [1] 
>>>>> at the end of this message).
>>>>>
>>>>> I fetched the source code (27.3) release from github, run 
>>>>>
>>>>> bazel build :portico :protobuf 
>>>>>
>>>>> inside the source directory, but while it compiles protoc compiler, 
>>>>> there's no CMake/protobuf-lite library in the output.
>>>>>
>>>>> Apparently the runtime is based on CMake, so I run 
>>>>>
>>>>> cmake -S . -B build -Dprotobuf_BUILD_TESTS=OFF -DCMAKE_CXX_STANDARD=17 
>>>>> -Dprotobuf_ABSL_PROVIDER=package -Dprotobuf_JSONCPP_PROVIDER=package
>>>>>
>>>>> and then issued compilation in build/ dir, and yay, it compiled 
>>>>> protobuf.
>>>>>
>>>>> However, when I added the build/cmake to CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH it 
>>>>> complains about missing build/cmake/protobuf/protobuf-targets.cmake
>>>>>
>>>>> So I tried adding the repository as git submodule, and adding it via 
>>>>> add_subdirectory CMake command, then it fails with
>>>>>
>>>>> CMake Error: install(EXPORT "protobuf-targets" ...) includes target 
>>>>> "libprotobuf-lite" which requires target "absl_absl_check" that is not in 
>>>>> any export set.
>>>>> CMake Error: install(EXPORT "protobuf-targets" ...) includes target 
>>>>> "libprotobuf-lite" which requires target "absl_absl_log" that is not in 
>>>>> any 
>>>>> export set.
>>>>> CMake Error: install(EXPORT "protobuf-targets" ...) includes target 
>>>>> "libprotobuf-lite" which requires target "absl_algorithm" that is not in 
>>>>> any export set.
>>>>> CMake Error: install(EXPORT "protobuf-targets" ...) includes target 
>>>>> "libprotobuf-lite" which requires target "absl_base" that is not in any 
>>>>> export set.
>>>>> ...
>>>>>
>>>>> abseil is added as add_subdirectory as well.
>>>>>
>>>>> I run into conclusion that I must be doing something fundamentally 
>>>>> wrong, as I don't expect such popular piece of code to be so hard to 
>>>>> integrate.
>>>>>
>>>>> Any suggestions on how to properly embed protobuf within such a 
>>>>> project?
>>>>>
>>>>> Thanks in advance,
>>>>>
>>>>> Marcin
>>>>>
>>>>> [1] Failed tests:
>>>>>
>>>>> 2: [ RUN      ] TextFormatParserTest.ParseFieldValueFromString
>>>>> 2: E0000 00:00:1723926116.158054 5519321 text_format.cc:417] Error 
>>>>> parsing text-format protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes: 1:1: Expected 
>>>>> integer, 
>>>>> got: a
>>>>> 2: E0000 00:00:1723926116.158063 5519321 text_format.cc:417] Error 
>>>>> parsing text-format protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes: 1:1: Integer out of 
>>>>> range (999999999999999999999999999999999999)
>>>>> 2: E0000 00:00:1723926116.158079 5519321 text_format.cc:417] Error 
>>>>> parsing text-format protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes: 1:1: Expected 
>>>>> integer, 
>>>>> got: a
>>>>> 2: E0000 00:00:1723926116.158082 5519321 text_format.cc:417] Error 
>>>>> parsing text-format protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes: 1:1: Integer out of 
>>>>> range (999999999999999999999999999999999999)
>>>>> 2: E0000 00:00:1723926116.158084 5519321 text_format.cc:417] Error 
>>>>> parsing text-format protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes: 1:1: Expected 
>>>>> integer, 
>>>>> got: -
>>>>> 2: E0000 00:00:1723926116.158085 5519321 text_format.cc:417] Error 
>>>>> parsing text-format protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes: 1:1: Expected 
>>>>> integer, 
>>>>> got: a
>>>>> 2: E0000 00:00:1723926116.158087 5519321 text_format.cc:417] Error 
>>>>> parsing text-format protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes: 1:1: Integer out of 
>>>>> range (999999999999999999999999999999999999)
>>>>> 2: E0000 00:00:1723926116.158089 5519321 text_format.cc:417] Error 
>>>>> parsing text-format protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes: 1:1: Expected 
>>>>> integer, 
>>>>> got: -
>>>>> 2: E0000 00:00:1723926116.158090 5519321 text_format.cc:417] Error 
>>>>> parsing text-format protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes: 1:1: Expected 
>>>>> integer, 
>>>>> got: a
>>>>> 2: E0000 00:00:1723926116.158092 5519321 text_format.cc:417] Error 
>>>>> parsing text-format protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes: 1:1: Integer out of 
>>>>> range (999999999999999999999999999999999999)
>>>>> 2: E0000 00:00:1723926116.158094 5519321 text_format.cc:417] Error 
>>>>> parsing text-format protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes: 1:1: Expected 
>>>>> integer, 
>>>>> got: -
>>>>> 2: E0000 00:00:1723926116.158095 5519321 text_format.cc:417] Error 
>>>>> parsing text-format protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes: 1:1: Expected 
>>>>> integer, 
>>>>> got: a
>>>>> 2: E0000 00:00:1723926116.158097 5519321 text_format.cc:417] Error 
>>>>> parsing text-format protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes: 1:1: Integer out of 
>>>>> range (999999999999999999999999999999999999)
>>>>> 2: E0000 00:00:1723926116.158101 5519321 text_format.cc:417] Error 
>>>>> parsing text-format protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes: 1:5: Invalid value 
>>>>> for 
>>>>> boolean field "optional_bool". Value: "tRue".
>>>>> 2: E0000 00:00:1723926116.158106 5519321 text_format.cc:417] Error 
>>>>> parsing text-format protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes: 1:6: Invalid value 
>>>>> for 
>>>>> boolean field "optional_bool". Value: "faLse".
>>>>> 2: E0000 00:00:1723926116.158108 5519321 text_format.cc:417] Error 
>>>>> parsing text-format protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes: 1:1: Integer out of 
>>>>> range (2)
>>>>> 2: E0000 00:00:1723926116.158109 5519321 text_format.cc:417] Error 
>>>>> parsing text-format protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes: 1:1: Expected 
>>>>> identifier, got: -
>>>>> 2: E0000 00:00:1723926116.158111 5519321 text_format.cc:417] Error 
>>>>> parsing text-format protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes: 1:3: Invalid value 
>>>>> for 
>>>>> boolean field "optional_bool". Value: "on".
>>>>> 2: E0000 00:00:1723926116.158113 5519321 text_format.cc:417] Error 
>>>>> parsing text-format protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes: 1:2: Invalid value 
>>>>> for 
>>>>> boolean field "optional_bool". Value: "a".
>>>>> 2: E0000 00:00:1723926116.158130 5519321 text_format.cc:417] Error 
>>>>> parsing text-format protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes: 1:1: Expected double, 
>>>>> got: a
>>>>> 2: E0000 00:00:1723926116.158132 5519321 text_format.cc:417] Error 
>>>>> parsing text-format protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes: 1:1: Expected double, 
>>>>> got: a
>>>>> 2: E0000 00:00:1723926116.158134 5519321 text_format.cc:417] Error 
>>>>> parsing text-format protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes: 1:1: Expect a decimal 
>>>>> number, got: 0xf
>>>>> 2: E0000 00:00:1723926116.158136 5519321 text_format.cc:417] Error 
>>>>> parsing text-format protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes: 1:1: Expect a decimal 
>>>>> number, got: 012
>>>>> 2: E0000 00:00:1723926116.158138 5519321 text_format.cc:417] Error 
>>>>> parsing text-format protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes: 1:1: Expected string, 
>>>>> got: hello
>>>>> 2: E0000 00:00:1723926116.158141 5519321 text_format.cc:417] Error 
>>>>> parsing text-format protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes: 1:7: Unknown 
>>>>> enumeration value of "FOOBAR" for field "optional_nested_enum".
>>>>> 2: E0000 00:00:1723926116.158143 5519321 text_format.cc:417] Error 
>>>>> parsing text-format protobuf_unittest.TestAllTypes: 1:1: Expected "{", 
>>>>> found "any".
>>>>>
>>>>> -- 
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