Author: Carl Friedrich Bolz <cfb...@gmx.de>
Branch: better-storesink
Changeset: r87173:3744e806c6b1
Date: 2016-09-16 15:10 +0200
http://bitbucket.org/pypy/pypy/changeset/3744e806c6b1/

Log:    merge default

diff too long, truncating to 2000 out of 218021 lines

diff --git a/.hgtags b/.hgtags
--- a/.hgtags
+++ b/.hgtags
@@ -27,3 +27,9 @@
 40497617ae91caa1a394d8be6f9cd2de31cb0628 release-pypy3.3-v5.2
 c09c19272c990a0611b17569a0085ad1ab00c8ff release-pypy2.7-v5.3
 7e8df3df96417c16c2d55b41352ec82c9c69c978 release-pypy2.7-v5.3.1
+68bb3510d8212ae9efb687e12e58c09d29e74f87 release-pypy2.7-v5.4.0
+68bb3510d8212ae9efb687e12e58c09d29e74f87 release-pypy2.7-v5.4.0
+77392ad263504df011ccfcabf6a62e21d04086d0 release-pypy2.7-v5.4.0
+050d84dd78997f021acf0e133934275d63547cc0 release-pypy2.7-v5.4.1
+050d84dd78997f021acf0e133934275d63547cc0 release-pypy2.7-v5.4.1
+0e2d9a73f5a1818d0245d75daccdbe21b2d5c3ef release-pypy2.7-v5.4.1
diff --git a/LICENSE b/LICENSE
--- a/LICENSE
+++ b/LICENSE
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@
   Seo Sanghyeon
   Ronny Pfannschmidt
   Justin Peel
+  Raffael Tfirst
   David Edelsohn
   Anders Hammarquist
   Jakub Gustak
@@ -117,7 +118,6 @@
   Wenzhu Man
   John Witulski
   Laurence Tratt
-  Raffael Tfirst
   Ivan Sichmann Freitas
   Greg Price
   Dario Bertini
@@ -141,6 +141,7 @@
   tav
   Taavi Burns
   Georg Brandl
+  Nicolas Truessel
   Bert Freudenberg
   Stian Andreassen
   Wanja Saatkamp
@@ -211,6 +212,7 @@
   Vaibhav Sood
   Alan McIntyre
   Alexander Sedov
+  p_ziesch...@yahoo.de
   Attila Gobi
   Jasper.Schulz
   Christopher Pope
@@ -221,6 +223,7 @@
   Arjun Naik
   Valentina Mukhamedzhanova
   Stefano Parmesan
+  touilleMan
   Alexis Daboville
   Jens-Uwe Mager
   Carl Meyer
@@ -229,12 +232,14 @@
   Gabriel
   Lukas Vacek
   Kunal Grover
+  Aaron Gallagher
   Andrew Dalke
   Sylvain Thenault
   Jakub Stasiak
   Nathan Taylor
   Vladimir Kryachko
   Omer Katz
+  Mark Williams
   Jacek Generowicz
   Alejandro J. Cura
   Jacob Oscarson
@@ -355,12 +360,15 @@
   yasirs
   Michael Chermside
   Anna Ravencroft
+  pizi
   Andrey Churin
   Dan Crosta
+  Eli Stevens
   Tobias Diaz
   Julien Phalip
   Roman Podoliaka
   Dan Loewenherz
+  werat
 
   Heinrich-Heine University, Germany 
   Open End AB (formerly AB Strakt), Sweden
diff --git a/_pytest/python.py b/_pytest/python.py
--- a/_pytest/python.py
+++ b/_pytest/python.py
@@ -498,7 +498,10 @@
     """ Collector for test methods. """
     def collect(self):
         if hasinit(self.obj):
-            pytest.skip("class %s.%s with __init__ won't get collected" % (
+            # XXX used to be skip(), but silently skipping classes
+            # XXX just because they have been written long ago is
+            # XXX imho a very, very, very bad idea
+            pytest.fail("class %s.%s with __init__ won't get collected" % (
                 self.obj.__module__,
                 self.obj.__name__,
             ))
diff --git a/lib-python/2.7/distutils/sysconfig_pypy.py 
b/lib-python/2.7/distutils/sysconfig_pypy.py
--- a/lib-python/2.7/distutils/sysconfig_pypy.py
+++ b/lib-python/2.7/distutils/sysconfig_pypy.py
@@ -122,22 +122,24 @@
     """Dummy method to let some easy_install packages that have
     optional C speedup components.
     """
+    def customize(executable, flags):
+        command = compiler.executables[executable] + flags
+        setattr(compiler, executable, command)
+
     if compiler.compiler_type == "unix":
         compiler.compiler_so.extend(['-O2', '-fPIC', '-Wimplicit'])
         compiler.shared_lib_extension = get_config_var('SO')
         if "CPPFLAGS" in os.environ:
             cppflags = shlex.split(os.environ["CPPFLAGS"])
-            compiler.compiler.extend(cppflags)
-            compiler.compiler_so.extend(cppflags)
-            compiler.linker_so.extend(cppflags)
+            for executable in ('compiler', 'compiler_so', 'linker_so'):
+                customize(executable, cppflags)
         if "CFLAGS" in os.environ:
             cflags = shlex.split(os.environ["CFLAGS"])
-            compiler.compiler.extend(cflags)
-            compiler.compiler_so.extend(cflags)
-            compiler.linker_so.extend(cflags)
+            for executable in ('compiler', 'compiler_so', 'linker_so'):
+                customize(executable, cflags)
         if "LDFLAGS" in os.environ:
             ldflags = shlex.split(os.environ["LDFLAGS"])
-            compiler.linker_so.extend(ldflags)
+            customize('linker_so', ldflags)
 
 
 from sysconfig_cpython import (
diff --git a/lib_pypy/_ctypes/basics.py b/lib_pypy/_ctypes/basics.py
--- a/lib_pypy/_ctypes/basics.py
+++ b/lib_pypy/_ctypes/basics.py
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@
         else:
             return self.value
 
-    def __buffer__(self):
+    def __buffer__(self, flags):
         return buffer(self._buffer)
 
     def _get_b_base(self):
diff --git a/lib_pypy/_ctypes/function.py b/lib_pypy/_ctypes/function.py
--- a/lib_pypy/_ctypes/function.py
+++ b/lib_pypy/_ctypes/function.py
@@ -342,7 +342,7 @@
             thisarg = cast(thisvalue, POINTER(POINTER(c_void_p)))
             keepalives, newargs, argtypes, outargs, errcheckargs = (
                 self._convert_args(argtypes, args[1:], kwargs))
-            newargs.insert(0, thisvalue.value)
+            newargs.insert(0, thisarg)
             argtypes.insert(0, c_void_p)
         else:
             thisarg = None
diff --git a/lib_pypy/cffi.egg-info/PKG-INFO b/lib_pypy/cffi.egg-info/PKG-INFO
--- a/lib_pypy/cffi.egg-info/PKG-INFO
+++ b/lib_pypy/cffi.egg-info/PKG-INFO
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 Metadata-Version: 1.1
 Name: cffi
-Version: 1.8.0
+Version: 1.8.3
 Summary: Foreign Function Interface for Python calling C code.
 Home-page: http://cffi.readthedocs.org
 Author: Armin Rigo, Maciej Fijalkowski
diff --git a/lib_pypy/cffi/__init__.py b/lib_pypy/cffi/__init__.py
--- a/lib_pypy/cffi/__init__.py
+++ b/lib_pypy/cffi/__init__.py
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@
 from .api import FFI, CDefError, FFIError
 from .ffiplatform import VerificationError, VerificationMissing
 
-__version__ = "1.8.0"
-__version_info__ = (1, 8, 0)
+__version__ = "1.8.3"
+__version_info__ = (1, 8, 3)
 
 # The verifier module file names are based on the CRC32 of a string that
 # contains the following version number.  It may be older than __version__
diff --git a/lib_pypy/cffi/_cffi_include.h b/lib_pypy/cffi/_cffi_include.h
--- a/lib_pypy/cffi/_cffi_include.h
+++ b/lib_pypy/cffi/_cffi_include.h
@@ -1,4 +1,20 @@
 #define _CFFI_
+
+/* We try to define Py_LIMITED_API before including Python.h.
+
+   Mess: we can only define it if Py_DEBUG, Py_TRACE_REFS and
+   Py_REF_DEBUG are not defined.  This is a best-effort approximation:
+   we can learn about Py_DEBUG from pyconfig.h, but it is unclear if
+   the same works for the other two macros.  Py_DEBUG implies them,
+   but not the other way around.
+*/
+#ifndef _CFFI_USE_EMBEDDING
+#  include <pyconfig.h>
+#  if !defined(Py_DEBUG) && !defined(Py_TRACE_REFS) && !defined(Py_REF_DEBUG)
+#    define Py_LIMITED_API
+#  endif
+#endif
+
 #include <Python.h>
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 extern "C" {
diff --git a/lib_pypy/cffi/_embedding.h b/lib_pypy/cffi/_embedding.h
--- a/lib_pypy/cffi/_embedding.h
+++ b/lib_pypy/cffi/_embedding.h
@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@
         f = PySys_GetObject((char *)"stderr");
         if (f != NULL && f != Py_None) {
             PyFile_WriteString("\nFrom: " _CFFI_MODULE_NAME
-                               "\ncompiled with cffi version: 1.8.0"
+                               "\ncompiled with cffi version: 1.8.3"
                                "\n_cffi_backend module: ", f);
             modules = PyImport_GetModuleDict();
             mod = PyDict_GetItemString(modules, "_cffi_backend");
diff --git a/lib_pypy/cffi/api.py b/lib_pypy/cffi/api.py
--- a/lib_pypy/cffi/api.py
+++ b/lib_pypy/cffi/api.py
@@ -652,7 +652,7 @@
         recompile(self, module_name, source,
                   c_file=filename, call_c_compiler=False, **kwds)
 
-    def compile(self, tmpdir='.', verbose=0, target=None):
+    def compile(self, tmpdir='.', verbose=0, target=None, debug=None):
         """The 'target' argument gives the final file name of the
         compiled DLL.  Use '*' to force distutils' choice, suitable for
         regular CPython C API modules.  Use a file name ending in '.*'
@@ -669,7 +669,7 @@
         module_name, source, source_extension, kwds = self._assigned_source
         return recompile(self, module_name, source, tmpdir=tmpdir,
                          target=target, source_extension=source_extension,
-                         compiler_verbose=verbose, **kwds)
+                         compiler_verbose=verbose, debug=debug, **kwds)
 
     def init_once(self, func, tag):
         # Read _init_once_cache[tag], which is either (False, lock) if
diff --git a/lib_pypy/cffi/backend_ctypes.py b/lib_pypy/cffi/backend_ctypes.py
--- a/lib_pypy/cffi/backend_ctypes.py
+++ b/lib_pypy/cffi/backend_ctypes.py
@@ -997,29 +997,43 @@
         assert onerror is None   # XXX not implemented
         return BType(source, error)
 
+    _weakref_cache_ref = None
+
     def gcp(self, cdata, destructor):
-        BType = self.typeof(cdata)
+        if self._weakref_cache_ref is None:
+            import weakref
+            class MyRef(weakref.ref):
+                def __eq__(self, other):
+                    myref = self()
+                    return self is other or (
+                        myref is not None and myref is other())
+                def __ne__(self, other):
+                    return not (self == other)
+                def __hash__(self):
+                    try:
+                        return self._hash
+                    except AttributeError:
+                        self._hash = hash(self())
+                        return self._hash
+            self._weakref_cache_ref = {}, MyRef
+        weak_cache, MyRef = self._weakref_cache_ref
 
         if destructor is None:
-            if not (hasattr(BType, '_gcp_type') and
-                    BType._gcp_type is BType):
+            try:
+                del weak_cache[MyRef(cdata)]
+            except KeyError:
                 raise TypeError("Can remove destructor only on a object "
                                 "previously returned by ffi.gc()")
-            cdata._destructor = None
             return None
 
-        try:
-            gcp_type = BType._gcp_type
-        except AttributeError:
-            class CTypesDataGcp(BType):
-                __slots__ = ['_orig', '_destructor']
-                def __del__(self):
-                    if self._destructor is not None:
-                        self._destructor(self._orig)
-            gcp_type = BType._gcp_type = CTypesDataGcp
-        new_cdata = self.cast(gcp_type, cdata)
-        new_cdata._orig = cdata
-        new_cdata._destructor = destructor
+        def remove(k):
+            cdata, destructor = weak_cache.pop(k, (None, None))
+            if destructor is not None:
+                destructor(cdata)
+
+        new_cdata = self.cast(self.typeof(cdata), cdata)
+        assert new_cdata is not cdata
+        weak_cache[MyRef(new_cdata, remove)] = (cdata, destructor)
         return new_cdata
 
     typeof = type
diff --git a/lib_pypy/cffi/ffiplatform.py b/lib_pypy/cffi/ffiplatform.py
--- a/lib_pypy/cffi/ffiplatform.py
+++ b/lib_pypy/cffi/ffiplatform.py
@@ -21,12 +21,12 @@
         allsources.append(os.path.normpath(src))
     return Extension(name=modname, sources=allsources, **kwds)
 
-def compile(tmpdir, ext, compiler_verbose=0):
+def compile(tmpdir, ext, compiler_verbose=0, debug=None):
     """Compile a C extension module using distutils."""
 
     saved_environ = os.environ.copy()
     try:
-        outputfilename = _build(tmpdir, ext, compiler_verbose)
+        outputfilename = _build(tmpdir, ext, compiler_verbose, debug)
         outputfilename = os.path.abspath(outputfilename)
     finally:
         # workaround for a distutils bugs where some env vars can
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
                 os.environ[key] = value
     return outputfilename
 
-def _build(tmpdir, ext, compiler_verbose=0):
+def _build(tmpdir, ext, compiler_verbose=0, debug=None):
     # XXX compact but horrible :-(
     from distutils.core import Distribution
     import distutils.errors, distutils.log
@@ -44,6 +44,9 @@
     dist = Distribution({'ext_modules': [ext]})
     dist.parse_config_files()
     options = dist.get_option_dict('build_ext')
+    if debug is None:
+        debug = sys.flags.debug
+    options['debug'] = ('ffiplatform', debug)
     options['force'] = ('ffiplatform', True)
     options['build_lib'] = ('ffiplatform', tmpdir)
     options['build_temp'] = ('ffiplatform', tmpdir)
diff --git a/lib_pypy/cffi/recompiler.py b/lib_pypy/cffi/recompiler.py
--- a/lib_pypy/cffi/recompiler.py
+++ b/lib_pypy/cffi/recompiler.py
@@ -275,8 +275,8 @@
     def write_c_source_to_f(self, f, preamble):
         self._f = f
         prnt = self._prnt
-        if self.ffi._embedding is None:
-            prnt('#define Py_LIMITED_API')
+        if self.ffi._embedding is not None:
+            prnt('#define _CFFI_USE_EMBEDDING')
         #
         # first the '#include' (actually done by inlining the file's content)
         lines = self._rel_readlines('_cffi_include.h')
@@ -515,7 +515,7 @@
                                                     tovar, errcode)
             return
         #
-        elif isinstance(tp, (model.StructOrUnion, model.EnumType)):
+        elif isinstance(tp, model.StructOrUnionOrEnum):
             # a struct (not a struct pointer) as a function argument
             self._prnt('  if (_cffi_to_c((char *)&%s, _cffi_type(%d), %s) < 0)'
                       % (tovar, self._gettypenum(tp), fromvar))
@@ -572,7 +572,7 @@
         elif isinstance(tp, model.ArrayType):
             return '_cffi_from_c_pointer((char *)%s, _cffi_type(%d))' % (
                 var, self._gettypenum(model.PointerType(tp.item)))
-        elif isinstance(tp, model.StructType):
+        elif isinstance(tp, model.StructOrUnion):
             if tp.fldnames is None:
                 raise TypeError("'%s' is used as %s, but is opaque" % (
                     tp._get_c_name(), context))
@@ -1431,7 +1431,7 @@
 
 def recompile(ffi, module_name, preamble, tmpdir='.', call_c_compiler=True,
               c_file=None, source_extension='.c', extradir=None,
-              compiler_verbose=1, target=None, **kwds):
+              compiler_verbose=1, target=None, debug=None, **kwds):
     if not isinstance(module_name, str):
         module_name = module_name.encode('ascii')
     if ffi._windows_unicode:
@@ -1467,7 +1467,8 @@
                 if target != '*':
                     _patch_for_target(patchlist, target)
                 os.chdir(tmpdir)
-                outputfilename = ffiplatform.compile('.', ext, 
compiler_verbose)
+                outputfilename = ffiplatform.compile('.', ext,
+                                                     compiler_verbose, debug)
             finally:
                 os.chdir(cwd)
                 _unpatch_meths(patchlist)
diff --git a/lib_pypy/cffi/setuptools_ext.py b/lib_pypy/cffi/setuptools_ext.py
--- a/lib_pypy/cffi/setuptools_ext.py
+++ b/lib_pypy/cffi/setuptools_ext.py
@@ -69,16 +69,36 @@
     else:
         _add_c_module(dist, ffi, module_name, source, source_extension, kwds)
 
+def _set_py_limited_api(Extension, kwds):
+    """
+    Add py_limited_api to kwds if setuptools >= 26 is in use.
+    Do not alter the setting if it already exists.
+    Setuptools takes care of ignoring the flag on Python 2 and PyPy.
+    """
+    if 'py_limited_api' not in kwds:
+        import setuptools
+        try:
+            setuptools_major_version = 
int(setuptools.__version__.partition('.')[0])
+            if setuptools_major_version >= 26:
+                kwds['py_limited_api'] = True
+        except ValueError:  # certain development versions of setuptools
+            # If we don't know the version number of setuptools, we
+            # try to set 'py_limited_api' anyway.  At worst, we get a
+            # warning.
+            kwds['py_limited_api'] = True
+    return kwds
 
 def _add_c_module(dist, ffi, module_name, source, source_extension, kwds):
     from distutils.core import Extension
-    from distutils.command.build_ext import build_ext
+    # We are a setuptools extension. Need this build_ext for py_limited_api.
+    from setuptools.command.build_ext import build_ext
     from distutils.dir_util import mkpath
     from distutils import log
     from cffi import recompiler
 
     allsources = ['$PLACEHOLDER']
     allsources.extend(kwds.pop('sources', []))
+    kwds = _set_py_limited_api(Extension, kwds)
     ext = Extension(name=module_name, sources=allsources, **kwds)
 
     def make_mod(tmpdir, pre_run=None):
diff --git a/lib_pypy/cffi/vengine_cpy.py b/lib_pypy/cffi/vengine_cpy.py
--- a/lib_pypy/cffi/vengine_cpy.py
+++ b/lib_pypy/cffi/vengine_cpy.py
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@
         elif isinstance(tp, model.ArrayType):
             return '_cffi_from_c_pointer((char *)%s, _cffi_type(%d))' % (
                 var, self._gettypenum(model.PointerType(tp.item)))
-        elif isinstance(tp, model.StructType):
+        elif isinstance(tp, model.StructOrUnion):
             if tp.fldnames is None:
                 raise TypeError("'%s' is used as %s, but is opaque" % (
                     tp._get_c_name(), context))
diff --git a/lib_pypy/gdbm.py b/lib_pypy/gdbm.py
--- a/lib_pypy/gdbm.py
+++ b/lib_pypy/gdbm.py
@@ -137,6 +137,8 @@
             lib.gdbm_sync(self.__ll_dbm)
 
 def open(filename, flags='r', mode=0666):
+    if isinstance(filename, unicode):
+        filename = filename.encode()
     if flags[0] == 'r':
         iflags = lib.GDBM_READER
     elif flags[0] == 'w':
diff --git a/pypy/doc/conf.py b/pypy/doc/conf.py
--- a/pypy/doc/conf.py
+++ b/pypy/doc/conf.py
@@ -58,16 +58,16 @@
 
 # General information about the project.
 project = u'PyPy'
-copyright = u'2015, The PyPy Project'
+copyright = u'2016, The PyPy Project'
 
 # The version info for the project you're documenting, acts as replacement for
 # |version| and |release|, also used in various other places throughout the
 # built documents.
 #
 # The short X.Y version.
-version = '4.0'
+version = '5.4'
 # The full version, including alpha/beta/rc tags.
-release = '4.0.0'
+release = '5.4.0'
 
 # The language for content autogenerated by Sphinx. Refer to documentation
 # for a list of supported languages.
diff --git a/pypy/doc/config/translation.profopt.txt 
b/pypy/doc/config/translation.profopt.txt
--- a/pypy/doc/config/translation.profopt.txt
+++ b/pypy/doc/config/translation.profopt.txt
@@ -3,3 +3,14 @@
 RPython program) to gather profile data. Example for pypy-c: "-c 'from
 richards import main;main(); from test import pystone;
 pystone.main()'"
+
+NOTE: be aware of what this does in JIT-enabled executables.  What it
+does is instrument and later optimize the C code that happens to run in
+the example you specify, ignoring any execution of the JIT-generated
+assembler.  That means that you have to choose the example wisely.  If
+it is something that will just generate assembler and stay there, there
+is little value.  If it is something that exercises heavily library
+routines that are anyway written in C, then it will optimize that.  Most
+interesting would be something that causes a lot of JIT-compilation,
+like running a medium-sized test suite several times in a row, in order
+to optimize the warm-up in general.
diff --git a/pypy/doc/contributor.rst b/pypy/doc/contributor.rst
--- a/pypy/doc/contributor.rst
+++ b/pypy/doc/contributor.rst
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@
   Seo Sanghyeon
   Ronny Pfannschmidt
   Justin Peel
+  Raffael Tfirst
   David Edelsohn
   Anders Hammarquist
   Jakub Gustak
@@ -87,7 +88,6 @@
   Wenzhu Man
   John Witulski
   Laurence Tratt
-  Raffael Tfirst
   Ivan Sichmann Freitas
   Greg Price
   Dario Bertini
@@ -111,6 +111,7 @@
   tav
   Taavi Burns
   Georg Brandl
+  Nicolas Truessel
   Bert Freudenberg
   Stian Andreassen
   Wanja Saatkamp
@@ -181,6 +182,7 @@
   Vaibhav Sood
   Alan McIntyre
   Alexander Sedov
+  p_ziesch...@yahoo.de
   Attila Gobi
   Jasper.Schulz
   Christopher Pope
@@ -191,6 +193,7 @@
   Arjun Naik
   Valentina Mukhamedzhanova
   Stefano Parmesan
+  touilleMan
   Alexis Daboville
   Jens-Uwe Mager
   Carl Meyer
@@ -199,12 +202,14 @@
   Gabriel
   Lukas Vacek
   Kunal Grover
+  Aaron Gallagher
   Andrew Dalke
   Sylvain Thenault
   Jakub Stasiak
   Nathan Taylor
   Vladimir Kryachko
   Omer Katz
+  Mark Williams
   Jacek Generowicz
   Alejandro J. Cura
   Jacob Oscarson
@@ -325,9 +330,12 @@
   yasirs
   Michael Chermside
   Anna Ravencroft
+  pizi
   Andrey Churin
   Dan Crosta
+  Eli Stevens
   Tobias Diaz
   Julien Phalip
   Roman Podoliaka
   Dan Loewenherz
+  werat
diff --git a/pypy/doc/index-of-release-notes.rst 
b/pypy/doc/index-of-release-notes.rst
--- a/pypy/doc/index-of-release-notes.rst
+++ b/pypy/doc/index-of-release-notes.rst
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 
 .. toctree::
 
+   release-pypy2.7-v5.4.1.rst
+   release-pypy2.7-v5.4.0.rst
    release-pypy2.7-v5.3.1.rst
    release-pypy2.7-v5.3.0.rst
    release-5.1.1.rst
diff --git a/pypy/doc/index-of-whatsnew.rst b/pypy/doc/index-of-whatsnew.rst
--- a/pypy/doc/index-of-whatsnew.rst
+++ b/pypy/doc/index-of-whatsnew.rst
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 .. toctree::
 
    whatsnew-head.rst
+   whatsnew-pypy2-5.4.0.rst
    whatsnew-pypy2-5.3.1.rst
    whatsnew-pypy2-5.3.0.rst
    whatsnew-5.1.0.rst
diff --git a/pypy/doc/project-ideas.rst b/pypy/doc/project-ideas.rst
--- a/pypy/doc/project-ideas.rst
+++ b/pypy/doc/project-ideas.rst
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@
 --------------
 
 Our cpyext C-API compatiblity layer can now run upstream NumPy unmodified.
-Release PyPy2.7-v5.3 still fails about 200 of the ~6000 test in the NumPy
+Release PyPy2.7-v5.4 still fails about 60 of the ~6000 test in the NumPy
 test suite. We could use help analyzing the failures and fixing them either
 as patches to upstream NumPy, or as fixes to PyPy.
 
diff --git a/pypy/doc/release-pypy2.7-v5.4.0.rst 
b/pypy/doc/release-pypy2.7-v5.4.0.rst
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pypy/doc/release-pypy2.7-v5.4.0.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+============
+PyPy2.7 v5.4
+============
+
+We have released PyPy2.7 v5.4, a little under two months after PyPy2.7 v5.3.
+This new PyPy2.7 release includes incremental improvements to our C-API
+compatability layer (cpyext), enabling us to pass over 99% of the upstream
+numpy `test suite`_. We updated built-in cffi_ support to version 1.8,
+which now supports the "limited API" mode for c-extensions on 
+CPython >=3.2.
+
+We improved tooling for the PyPy JIT_, and expanded VMProf
+support to OpenBSD and Dragon Fly BSD
+
+As always, this release fixed many issues and bugs raised by the
+growing community of PyPy users. We strongly recommend updating.
+
+You can download the PyPy2.7 v5.4 release here:
+
+    http://pypy.org/download.html
+
+We would like to thank our donors for the continued support of the PyPy
+project.
+
+We would also like to thank our contributors and
+encourage new people to join the project. PyPy has many
+layers and we need help with all of them: `PyPy`_ and `RPython`_ documentation
+improvements, tweaking popular `modules`_ to run on pypy, or general `help`_
+with making RPython's JIT even better.
+
+.. _`test suite`: 
https://bitbucket.org/pypy/pypy/wiki/Adventures%20in%20cpyext%20compatibility
+.. _cffi: https://cffi.readthedocs.org
+.. _JIT: 
https://morepypy.blogspot.com.au/2016/08/pypy-tooling-upgrade-jitviewer-and.html
+.. _`PyPy`: http://doc.pypy.org
+.. _`RPython`: https://rpython.readthedocs.org
+.. _`modules`: 
http://doc.pypy.org/en/latest/project-ideas.html#make-more-python-modules-pypy-friendly
+.. _`help`: http://doc.pypy.org/en/latest/project-ideas.html
+
+What is PyPy?
+=============
+
+PyPy is a very compliant Python interpreter, almost a drop-in replacement for
+CPython 2.7. It's fast (`PyPy and CPython 2.7.x`_ performance comparison)
+due to its integrated tracing JIT compiler.
+
+We also welcome developers of other `dynamic languages`_ to see what RPython
+can do for them.
+
+This release supports: 
+
+  * **x86** machines on most common operating systems
+    (Linux 32/64 bits, Mac OS X 64 bits, Windows 32 bits, OpenBSD, FreeBSD)
+  
+  * newer **ARM** hardware (ARMv6 or ARMv7, with VFPv3) running Linux,
+  
+  * big- and little-endian variants of **PPC64** running Linux,
+
+  * **s390x** running Linux
+
+.. _`PyPy and CPython 2.7.x`: http://speed.pypy.org
+.. _`dynamic languages`: http://pypyjs.org
+
+Other Highlights (since 5.3 released in June 2016)
+=========================================================
+
+* New features:
+
+  * Add `sys.{get,set}dlopenflags`
+
+  * Improve CPython compatibility of 'is' for small and empty strings
+
+  * Support for rgc.FinalizerQueue in the Boehm garbage collector
+
+  * (RPython) support spawnv() if it is called in C `_spawnv` on windows
+
+  * Fill in more slots when creating a PyTypeObject from a W_TypeObject,
+    like `__hex__`, `__sub__`, `__pow__`
+
+  * Copy CPython's logic more closely for `isinstance()` and
+    `issubclass()` as well as `type.__instancecheck__()` and
+    `type.__subclasscheck__()`
+
+  * Expose the name of CDLL objects
+
+  * Rewrite the win32 dependencies of `subprocess` to use cffi
+    instead of ctypes
+
+  * Improve the `JIT logging`_ facitilities
+
+  * (RPython) make int * string work
+
+  * Allocate all RPython strings with one extra byte, normally
+    unused. This now allows `ffi.from_buffer(string)` in CFFI with
+    no copy
+
+  * Adds a new commandline option `-X track-resources` that will
+    produce a `ResourceWarning` when the GC closes a file or socket.
+    The traceback for the place where the file or socket was allocated
+    is given as well, which aids finding places where `close()` is
+    missing
+
+  * Add missing `PyObject_Realloc`, `PySequence_GetSlice`
+
+  * `type.__dict__` now returns a `dict_proxy` object, like on CPython.
+    Previously it returned what looked like a regular dict object (but
+    it was already read-only)
+
+  * (RPython) add `rposix.{get,set}_inheritable()`, needed by Python 3.5
+
+  * (RPython) add `rposix_scandir` portably, needed for Python 3.5
+
+  * Increased but incomplete support for memoryview attributes (format, 
+    itemsize, ...) which also adds support for `PyMemoryView_FromObject`
+
+* Bug Fixes
+
+  * Reject `mkdir()` in read-only sandbox filesystems
+
+  * Add include guards to pymem.h to enable c++ compilation
+
+  * Fix build breakage on OpenBSD and FreeBSD
+
+  * Support OpenBSD, Dragon Fly BSD in VMProf
+
+  * Fix for `bytearray('').replace('a', 'ab')` for empty strings
+
+  * Sync internal state before calling `PyFile_AsFile()`
+
+  * Allow writing to a char* from `PyString_AsString()` until it is
+    forced, also refactor `PyStringObject` to look like CPython's
+    and allow subclassing `PyString_Type` and `PyUnicode_Type`
+
+  * Rpython rffi's socket(2) wrapper did not preserve errno
+
+  * Refactor `PyTupleObject` to look like CPython's and allow
+    subclassing `PyTuple_Type`
+
+  * Allow c-level assignment to a function pointer in a C-API
+    user-defined type after calling PyTypeReady by retrieving
+    a pointer to the function via offsets
+    rather than storing the function pointer itself
+
+  * Use `madvise(MADV_FREE)`, or if that doesn't exist
+    `MADV_DONTNEED` on freed arenas to release memory back to the
+    OS for resource monitoring
+
+  * Fix overflow detection in conversion of float to 64-bit integer
+    in timeout argument to various thread/threading primitives
+
+  * Fix win32 outputting `\r\r\n` in some cases
+
+  * Make `hash(-1)` return -2, as CPython does, and fix all the
+    ancilary places this matters
+
+  * Fix `PyNumber_Check()` to behave more like CPython
+
+  * (VMProf) Try hard to not miss any Python-level frame in the
+    captured stacks, even if there is metainterp or blackhole interp
+    involved.  Also fix the stacklet (greenlet) support
+
+  * Fix a critical JIT bug where `raw_malloc` -equivalent functions
+    lost the additional flags
+
+  * Fix the mapdict cache for subclasses of builtin types that
+    provide a dict
+
+  * Issues reported with our previous release were resolved_ after
+    reports from users on our issue tracker at
+    https://bitbucket.org/pypy/pypy/issues or on IRC at #pypy
+
+* Performance improvements:
+
+  * Add a before_call()-like equivalent before a few operations like
+   `malloc_nursery`, to move values from registers into other registers
+    instead of to the stack.
+
+  * More tightly pack the stack when calling with `release gil`
+
+  * Support `int_floordiv()`, `int_mod()` in the JIT more efficiently
+    and add `rarithmetic.int_c_div()`, `rarithmetic.int_c_mod()` as
+    explicit interfaces. Clarify that `int_floordiv()` does python-style
+    rounding, unlike `llop.int_floordiv()`.
+
+  * Use `ll_assert` (more often) in incminimark
+
+  * (Testing) Simplify handling of interp-level tests and make it
+    more forward-compatible. Don't use interp-level RPython
+    machinery to test building app-level extensions in cpyext
+
+  * Constant-fold `ffi.offsetof("structname", "fieldname")` in cffi
+    backend
+
+  * Avoid a case in the JIT, where successive guard failures in
+    the same Python function end up as successive levels of
+    RPython functions, eventually exhausting the stack, while at
+    app-level the traceback is very short
+
+  * Check for NULL returns from calls to the raw-malloc and raise,
+    rather than a guard
+
+  * Improve `socket.recvfrom()` so that it copies less if possible
+
+  * When generating C code, inline `goto` to blocks with only one
+    predecessor, generating less lines of code
+
+  * When running the final backend-optimization phase before emitting
+    C code, constant-fold calls to we_are_jitted to return False. This
+    makes the generated C code a few percent smaller
+
+  * Refactor the `uid_t/gid_t` handling in `rlib.rposix` and in
+    `interp_posix.py`, based on the clean-up of CPython 2.7.x 
+
+.. _`JIT logging`: 
https://morepypy.blogspot.com/2016/08/pypy-tooling-upgrade-jitviewer-and.html
+.. _resolved: http://doc.pypy.org/en/latest/whatsnew-5.4.0.html
+
+Please update, and continue to help us make PyPy better.
+
+Cheers
diff --git a/pypy/doc/release-pypy2.7-v5.4.1.rst 
b/pypy/doc/release-pypy2.7-v5.4.1.rst
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pypy/doc/release-pypy2.7-v5.4.1.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+==========
+PyPy 5.4.1
+==========
+
+We have released a bugfix for PyPy2.7-v5.4.0, released last week,
+due to the following issues:
+
+  * Update list of contributors in documentation and LICENSE file,
+    this was unfortunately left out of 5.4.0. My apologies to the new
+    contributors
+
+  * Allow tests run with ``-A`` to find ``libm.so`` even if it is a script not 
a
+    dynamically loadable file
+
+  * Bump ``sys.setrecursionlimit()`` when translating PyPy, for translating 
with CPython
+
+  * Tweak a float comparison with 0 in ``backendopt.inline`` to avoid rounding 
errors
+
+  * Fix for an issue for translating the sandbox
+
+  * Fix for and issue where ``unicode.decode('utf8', 'custom_replace')`` 
messed up
+    the last byte of a unicode string sometimes
+
+  * Update built-in cffi_ to version 1.8.1
+
+  * Explicitly detect that we found as-yet-unsupported OpenSSL 1.1, and crash
+    translation with a message asking for help porting it
+
+  * Fix a regression where a PyBytesObject was forced (converted to a RPython
+    object) when not required, reported as issue #2395
+
+Thanks to those who reported the issues.
+
+What is PyPy?
+=============
+
+PyPy is a very compliant Python interpreter, almost a drop-in replacement for
+CPython 2.7. It's fast (`PyPy and CPython 2.7.x`_ performance comparison)
+due to its integrated tracing JIT compiler.
+
+We also welcome developers of other
+`dynamic languages`_ to see what RPython can do for them.
+
+This release supports:
+
+  * **x86** machines on most common operating systems
+    (Linux 32/64, Mac OS X 64, Windows 32, OpenBSD, FreeBSD),
+
+  * newer **ARM** hardware (ARMv6 or ARMv7, with VFPv3) running Linux,
+
+  * big- and little-endian variants of **PPC64** running Linux,
+
+  * **s390x** running Linux
+
+.. _cffi: https://cffi.readthedocs.io
+.. _`PyPy and CPython 2.7.x`: http://speed.pypy.org
+.. _`dynamic languages`: http://pypyjs.org
+
+Please update, and continue to help us make PyPy better.
+
+Cheers
+
+The PyPy Team
+
diff --git a/pypy/doc/whatsnew-head.rst b/pypy/doc/whatsnew-head.rst
--- a/pypy/doc/whatsnew-head.rst
+++ b/pypy/doc/whatsnew-head.rst
@@ -1,146 +1,18 @@
 ==========================
-What's new in PyPy2.7 5.3+
+What's new in PyPy2.7 5.4+
 ==========================
 
-.. this is a revision shortly after release-pypy2.7-v5.3
-.. startrev: 873218a739f1
+.. this is a revision shortly after release-pypy2.7-v5.4
+.. startrev: 522736f816dc
 
-.. 418b05f95db5
-Improve CPython compatibility for ``is``. Now code like ``if x is ():``
-works the same way as it does on CPython.  See 
http://pypy.readthedocs.io/en/latest/cpython_differences.html#object-identity-of-primitive-values-is-and-id
 .
+.. branch: rpython-resync
+Backport rpython changes made directly on the py3k and py3.5 branches.
 
-.. pull request #455
-Add sys.{get,set}dlopenflags, for cpyext extensions.
+.. branch: buffer-interface
+Implement PyObject_GetBuffer, PyMemoryView_GET_BUFFER, and handles memoryviews
+in numpypy
 
-.. branch: fix-gen-dfa
-
-Resolves an issue with the generator script to build the dfa for Python syntax.
-
-.. branch: z196-support
-
-Fixes a critical issue in the register allocator and extends support on s390x.
-PyPy runs and translates on the s390x revisions z10 (released February 2008, 
experimental)
-and z196 (released August 2010) in addition to zEC12 and z13.
-To target e.g. z196 on a zEC12 machine supply CFLAGS="-march=z196" to your 
shell environment.
-
-.. branch: s390x-5.3-catchup
-
-Implement the backend related changes for s390x.
-
-.. branch: incminimark-ll_assert
-.. branch: vmprof-openbsd
-
-.. branch: testing-cleanup
-
-Simplify handling of interp-level tests and make it more forward-
-compatible.
-
-.. branch: pyfile-tell
-Sync w_file with the c-level FILE* before returning FILE* in PyFile_AsFile
-
-.. branch: rw-PyString_AS_STRING
-Allow rw access to the char* returned from PyString_AS_STRING, also refactor
-PyStringObject to look like cpython's and allow subclassing PyString_Type and
-PyUnicode_Type
-
-.. branch: save_socket_errno
-
-Bug fix: if ``socket.socket()`` failed, the ``socket.error`` did not show
-the errno of the failing system call, but instead some random previous
-errno.
-
-.. branch: PyTuple_Type-subclass
-
-Refactor PyTupleObject to look like cpython's and allow subclassing 
-PyTuple_Type
-
-.. branch: call-via-pyobj
-
-Use offsets from PyTypeObject to find actual c function to call rather than
-fixed functions, allows function override after PyType_Ready is called
-
-.. branch: issue2335
-
-Avoid exhausting the stack in the JIT due to successive guard
-failures in the same Python function ending up as successive levels of
-RPython functions, while at app-level the traceback is very short
-
-.. branch: use-madv-free
-
-Try harder to memory to the OS.  See e.g. issue #2336.  Note that it does
-not show up as a reduction of the VIRT column in ``top``, and the RES
-column might also not show the reduction, particularly on Linux >= 4.5 or
-on OS/X: it uses MADV_FREE, which only marks the pages as returnable to
-the OS if the memory is low.
-
-.. branch: cpyext-slotdefs2
-
-Fill in more slots when creating a PyTypeObject from a W_TypeObject
-More slots are still TBD, like tp_print and richcmp
-
-.. branch: json-surrogates
-
-Align json module decode with the cpython's impl, fixes issue 2345
-
-.. branch: issue2343
-
-Copy CPython's logic more closely for handling of ``__instancecheck__()``
-and ``__subclasscheck__()``.  Fixes issue 2343.
-
-.. branch: msvcrt-cffi
-
-Rewrite the Win32 dependencies of 'subprocess' to use cffi instead
-of ctypes. This avoids importing ctypes in many small programs and
-scripts, which in turn avoids enabling threads (because ctypes
-creates callbacks at import time, and callbacks need threads).
-
-.. branch: new-jit-log
-
-The new logging facility that integrates with and adds features to vmprof.com.
-
-.. branch: jitlog-32bit
-
-Resolve issues to use the new logging facility on a 32bit system
-
-.. branch: ep2016sprint
-
-Trying harder to make hash(-1) return -2, like it does on CPython
-
-.. branch: jitlog-exact-source-lines
-
-Log exact line positions in debug merge points.
-
-.. branch: null_byte_after_str
-
-Allocate all RPython strings with one extra byte, normally unused.
-It is used to hold a final zero in case we need some ``char *``
-representation of the string, together with checks like ``not
-can_move()`` or object pinning. Main new thing that this allows:
-``ffi.from_buffer(string)`` in CFFI.  Additionally, and most
-importantly, CFFI calls that take directly a string as argument don't
-copy the string any more---this is like CFFI on CPython.
-
-.. branch: resource_warning
-
-Add a new command line option -X track-resources which will produce
-ResourceWarnings when the GC closes unclosed files and sockets.
-
-.. branch: cpyext-realloc
-
-Implement PyObject_Realloc
-
-.. branch: inline-blocks
-
-Improve a little bit the readability of the generated C code
-
-.. branch: improve-vmprof-testing
-
-Improved vmprof support: now tries hard to not miss any Python-level
-frame in the captured stacks, even if there is the metainterp or
-blackhole interp involved.  Also fix the stacklet (greenlet) support.
-
-.. branch: py2-mappingproxy
-
-``type.__dict__`` now returns a ``dict_proxy`` object, like on CPython.
-Previously it returned what looked like a regular dict object (but it
-was already read-only).
+.. branch: force-virtual-state
+Improve merging of virtual states in the JIT in order to avoid jumping to the
+preamble. Accomplished by allocating virtual objects where non-virtuals are
+expected.
diff --git a/pypy/doc/whatsnew-pypy2-5.4.0.rst 
b/pypy/doc/whatsnew-pypy2-5.4.0.rst
new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pypy/doc/whatsnew-pypy2-5.4.0.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+=========================
+What's new in PyPy2.7 5.4
+=========================
+
+.. this is a revision shortly after release-pypy2.7-v5.3
+.. startrev: 873218a739f1
+
+.. 418b05f95db5
+Improve CPython compatibility for ``is``. Now code like ``if x is ():``
+works the same way as it does on CPython.  See 
http://pypy.readthedocs.io/en/latest/cpython_differences.html#object-identity-of-primitive-values-is-and-id
 .
+
+.. pull request #455
+Add sys.{get,set}dlopenflags, for cpyext extensions.
+
+.. branch: fix-gen-dfa
+
+Resolves an issue with the generator script to build the dfa for Python syntax.
+
+.. branch: z196-support
+
+Fixes a critical issue in the register allocator and extends support on s390x.
+PyPy runs and translates on the s390x revisions z10 (released February 2008, 
experimental)
+and z196 (released August 2010) in addition to zEC12 and z13.
+To target e.g. z196 on a zEC12 machine supply CFLAGS="-march=z196" to your 
shell environment.
+
+.. branch: s390x-5.3-catchup
+
+Implement the backend related changes for s390x.
+
+.. branch: incminimark-ll_assert
+.. branch: vmprof-openbsd
+
+.. branch: testing-cleanup
+
+Simplify handling of interp-level tests and make it more forward-
+compatible.
+
+.. branch: pyfile-tell
+Sync w_file with the c-level FILE* before returning FILE* in PyFile_AsFile
+
+.. branch: rw-PyString_AS_STRING
+Allow rw access to the char* returned from PyString_AS_STRING, also refactor
+PyStringObject to look like cpython's and allow subclassing PyString_Type and
+PyUnicode_Type
+
+.. branch: save_socket_errno
+
+Bug fix: if ``socket.socket()`` failed, the ``socket.error`` did not show
+the errno of the failing system call, but instead some random previous
+errno.
+
+.. branch: PyTuple_Type-subclass
+
+Refactor PyTupleObject to look like cpython's and allow subclassing 
+PyTuple_Type
+
+.. branch: call-via-pyobj
+
+Use offsets from PyTypeObject to find actual c function to call rather than
+fixed functions, allows function override after PyType_Ready is called
+
+.. branch: issue2335
+
+Avoid exhausting the stack in the JIT due to successive guard
+failures in the same Python function ending up as successive levels of
+RPython functions, while at app-level the traceback is very short
+
+.. branch: use-madv-free
+
+Try harder to memory to the OS.  See e.g. issue #2336.  Note that it does
+not show up as a reduction of the VIRT column in ``top``, and the RES
+column might also not show the reduction, particularly on Linux >= 4.5 or
+on OS/X: it uses MADV_FREE, which only marks the pages as returnable to
+the OS if the memory is low.
+
+.. branch: cpyext-slotdefs2
+
+Fill in more slots when creating a PyTypeObject from a W_TypeObject
+More slots are still TBD, like tp_print and richcmp
+
+.. branch: json-surrogates
+
+Align json module decode with the cpython's impl, fixes issue 2345
+
+.. branch: issue2343
+
+Copy CPython's logic more closely for handling of ``__instancecheck__()``
+and ``__subclasscheck__()``.  Fixes issue 2343.
+
+.. branch: msvcrt-cffi
+
+Rewrite the Win32 dependencies of 'subprocess' to use cffi instead
+of ctypes. This avoids importing ctypes in many small programs and
+scripts, which in turn avoids enabling threads (because ctypes
+creates callbacks at import time, and callbacks need threads).
+
+.. branch: new-jit-log
+
+The new logging facility that integrates with and adds features to vmprof.com.
+
+.. branch: jitlog-32bit
+
+Resolve issues to use the new logging facility on a 32bit system
+
+.. branch: ep2016sprint
+
+Trying harder to make hash(-1) return -2, like it does on CPython
+
+.. branch: jitlog-exact-source-lines
+
+Log exact line positions in debug merge points.
+
+.. branch: null_byte_after_str
+
+Allocate all RPython strings with one extra byte, normally unused.
+It is used to hold a final zero in case we need some ``char *``
+representation of the string, together with checks like ``not
+can_move()`` or object pinning. Main new thing that this allows:
+``ffi.from_buffer(string)`` in CFFI.  Additionally, and most
+importantly, CFFI calls that take directly a string as argument don't
+copy the string any more---this is like CFFI on CPython.
+
+.. branch: resource_warning
+
+Add a new command line option -X track-resources which will produce
+ResourceWarnings when the GC closes unclosed files and sockets.
+
+.. branch: cpyext-realloc
+
+Implement PyObject_Realloc
+
+.. branch: inline-blocks
+
+Improve a little bit the readability of the generated C code
+
+.. branch: improve-vmprof-testing
+
+Improved vmprof support: now tries hard to not miss any Python-level
+frame in the captured stacks, even if there is the metainterp or
+blackhole interp involved.  Also fix the stacklet (greenlet) support.
+
+.. branch: py2-mappingproxy
+
+``type.__dict__`` now returns a ``dict_proxy`` object, like on CPython.
+Previously it returned what looked like a regular dict object (but it
+was already read-only).
+
+
+.. branch: const-fold-we-are-jitted
+
+Reduce the size of the generated C code by constant-folding ``we_are_jitted``
+in non-jitcode.
+
+.. branch: memoryview-attributes
+
+Support for memoryview attributes (format, itemsize, ...).
+Extends the cpyext emulation layer.
+
+.. branch: redirect-assembler-jitlog
+
+Log more information to properly rebuild the redirected traces in jitviewer.
+
+.. branch: cpyext-subclass
+
+Copy Py_TPFLAGS_CHECKTYPES, Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_INPLACEOPS when inheriting
diff --git a/pypy/goal/targetpypystandalone.py 
b/pypy/goal/targetpypystandalone.py
--- a/pypy/goal/targetpypystandalone.py
+++ b/pypy/goal/targetpypystandalone.py
@@ -239,6 +239,10 @@
                 raise Exception("Cannot use the --output option with PyPy "
                                 "when --shared is on (it is by default). "
                                 "See issue #1971.")
+            if config.translation.profopt is not None:
+                raise Exception("Cannot use the --profopt option "
+                                "when --shared is on (it is by default). "
+                                "See issue #2398.")
         if sys.platform == 'win32':
             libdir = thisdir.join('..', '..', 'libs')
             libdir.ensure(dir=1)
diff --git a/pypy/interpreter/baseobjspace.py b/pypy/interpreter/baseobjspace.py
--- a/pypy/interpreter/baseobjspace.py
+++ b/pypy/interpreter/baseobjspace.py
@@ -208,7 +208,8 @@
     def buffer_w(self, space, flags):
         w_impl = space.lookup(self, '__buffer__')
         if w_impl is not None:
-            w_result = space.get_and_call_function(w_impl, self)
+            w_result = space.get_and_call_function(w_impl, self, 
+                                        space.newint(flags))
             if space.isinstance_w(w_result, space.w_buffer):
                 return w_result.buffer_w(space, flags)
         raise BufferInterfaceNotFound
@@ -216,7 +217,8 @@
     def readbuf_w(self, space):
         w_impl = space.lookup(self, '__buffer__')
         if w_impl is not None:
-            w_result = space.get_and_call_function(w_impl, self)
+            w_result = space.get_and_call_function(w_impl, self,
+                                        space.newint(space.BUF_FULL_RO))
             if space.isinstance_w(w_result, space.w_buffer):
                 return w_result.readbuf_w(space)
         raise BufferInterfaceNotFound
@@ -224,7 +226,8 @@
     def writebuf_w(self, space):
         w_impl = space.lookup(self, '__buffer__')
         if w_impl is not None:
-            w_result = space.get_and_call_function(w_impl, self)
+            w_result = space.get_and_call_function(w_impl, self,
+                                        space.newint(space.BUF_FULL))
             if space.isinstance_w(w_result, space.w_buffer):
                 return w_result.writebuf_w(space)
         raise BufferInterfaceNotFound
@@ -232,7 +235,8 @@
     def charbuf_w(self, space):
         w_impl = space.lookup(self, '__buffer__')
         if w_impl is not None:
-            w_result = space.get_and_call_function(w_impl, self)
+            w_result = space.get_and_call_function(w_impl, self,
+                                        space.newint(space.BUF_FULL_RO))
             if space.isinstance_w(w_result, space.w_buffer):
                 return w_result.charbuf_w(space)
         raise BufferInterfaceNotFound
@@ -1424,6 +1428,9 @@
     BUF_FORMAT   = 0x0004
     BUF_ND       = 0x0008
     BUF_STRIDES  = 0x0010 | BUF_ND
+    BUF_C_CONTIGUOUS = 0x0020 | BUF_STRIDES
+    BUF_F_CONTIGUOUS = 0x0040 | BUF_STRIDES
+    BUF_ANY_CONTIGUOUS = 0x0080 | BUF_STRIDES
     BUF_INDIRECT = 0x0100 | BUF_STRIDES
 
     BUF_CONTIG_RO = BUF_ND
@@ -1967,6 +1974,7 @@
     'ZeroDivisionError',
     'RuntimeWarning',
     'PendingDeprecationWarning',
+    'UserWarning',
 ]
 
 if sys.platform.startswith("win"):
diff --git a/pypy/module/__builtin__/descriptor.py 
b/pypy/module/__builtin__/descriptor.py
--- a/pypy/module/__builtin__/descriptor.py
+++ b/pypy/module/__builtin__/descriptor.py
@@ -23,6 +23,14 @@
         self.w_objtype = w_type
         self.w_self = w_obj_or_type
 
+    def descr_repr(self, space):
+        if self.w_objtype is not None:
+            objtype_name = "<%s object>" % self.w_objtype.getname(space)
+        else:
+            objtype_name = 'NULL'
+        return space.wrap("<super: <class '%s'>, %s>" % (
+            self.w_starttype.getname(space), objtype_name))
+
     def get(self, space, w_obj, w_type=None):
         if self.w_self is None or space.is_w(w_obj, space.w_None):
             return self
@@ -84,7 +92,10 @@
     'super',
     __new__          = generic_new_descr(W_Super),
     __init__         = interp2app(W_Super.descr_init),
+    __repr__         = interp2app(W_Super.descr_repr),
     __thisclass__    = interp_attrproperty_w("w_starttype", W_Super),
+    __self__         = interp_attrproperty_w("w_self", W_Super),
+    __self_class__   = interp_attrproperty_w("w_objtype", W_Super),
     __getattribute__ = interp2app(W_Super.getattribute),
     __get__          = interp2app(W_Super.get),
     __doc__          =     """\
diff --git a/pypy/module/__builtin__/interp_classobj.py 
b/pypy/module/__builtin__/interp_classobj.py
--- a/pypy/module/__builtin__/interp_classobj.py
+++ b/pypy/module/__builtin__/interp_classobj.py
@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@
 
 
 class W_ClassObject(W_Root):
+    _immutable_fields_ = ['bases_w?[*]', 'w_dict?']
+
     def __init__(self, space, w_name, bases, w_dict):
         self.name = space.str_w(w_name)
         make_sure_not_resized(bases)
@@ -75,6 +77,7 @@
                             "__bases__ items must be classes")
         self.bases_w = bases_w
 
+    @jit.unroll_safe
     def is_subclass_of(self, other):
         assert isinstance(other, W_ClassObject)
         if self is other:
@@ -313,7 +316,7 @@
         # This method ignores the instance dict and the __getattr__.
         # Returns None if not found.
         assert isinstance(name, str)
-        w_value = self.w_class.lookup(space, name)
+        w_value = jit.promote(self.w_class).lookup(space, name)
         if w_value is None:
             return None
         w_descr_get = space.lookup(w_value, '__get__')
diff --git a/pypy/module/__builtin__/test/test_descriptor.py 
b/pypy/module/__builtin__/test/test_descriptor.py
--- a/pypy/module/__builtin__/test/test_descriptor.py
+++ b/pypy/module/__builtin__/test/test_descriptor.py
@@ -250,6 +250,24 @@
         assert super(B, B()).__thisclass__ is B
         assert super(A, B()).__thisclass__ is A
 
+    def test_super_self_selfclass(self):
+        class A(object):
+            pass
+        class B(A):
+            pass
+        b = B()
+        assert super(A, b).__self__ is b
+        assert super(A).__self__ is None
+        assert super(A, b).__self_class__ is B
+        assert super(A).__self_class__ is None
+
+    def test_super_repr(self):
+        class A(object):
+            def __repr__(self):
+                return super(A, self).__repr__() + '!'
+        assert repr(A()).endswith('>!')
+        assert repr(super(A, A())) == "<super: <class 'A'>, <A object>>"
+
     def test_property_docstring(self):
         assert property.__doc__.startswith('property')
 
diff --git a/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/__init__.py 
b/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/__init__.py
--- a/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/__init__.py
+++ b/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/__init__.py
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 from rpython.rlib import rdynload, clibffi, entrypoint
 from rpython.rtyper.lltypesystem import rffi
 
-VERSION = "1.8.0"
+VERSION = "1.8.3"
 
 FFI_DEFAULT_ABI = clibffi.FFI_DEFAULT_ABI
 try:
diff --git a/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypearray.py 
b/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypearray.py
--- a/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypearray.py
+++ b/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypearray.py
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 from rpython.rlib.rarithmetic import ovfcheck
 
 from pypy.module._cffi_backend import cdataobj
-from pypy.module._cffi_backend.ctypeptr import W_CTypePtrOrArray
+from pypy.module._cffi_backend.ctypeptr import W_CTypePtrOrArray, 
W_CTypePointer
 from pypy.module._cffi_backend import ctypeprim
 
 
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
     is_nonfunc_pointer_or_array = True
 
     def __init__(self, space, ctptr, length, arraysize, extra):
+        assert isinstance(ctptr, W_CTypePointer)
         W_CTypePtrOrArray.__init__(self, space, arraysize, extra, 0,
                                    ctptr.ctitem)
         self.length = length
diff --git a/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypefunc.py 
b/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypefunc.py
--- a/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypefunc.py
+++ b/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypefunc.py
@@ -35,8 +35,7 @@
         assert isinstance(ellipsis, bool)
         extra, xpos = self._compute_extra_text(fargs, fresult, ellipsis, abi)
         size = rffi.sizeof(rffi.VOIDP)
-        W_CTypePtrBase.__init__(self, space, size, extra, xpos, fresult,
-                                could_cast_anything=False)
+        W_CTypePtrBase.__init__(self, space, size, extra, xpos, fresult)
         self.fargs = fargs
         self.ellipsis = ellipsis
         self.abi = abi
@@ -59,6 +58,16 @@
                     lltype.free(self.cif_descr, flavor='raw')
                     self.cif_descr = lltype.nullptr(CIF_DESCRIPTION)
 
+    def is_unichar_ptr_or_array(self):
+        return False
+
+    def is_char_or_unichar_ptr_or_array(self):
+        return False
+
+    def string(self, cdataobj, maxlen):
+        # Can't use ffi.string() on a function pointer
+        return W_CType.string(self, cdataobj, maxlen)
+
     def new_ctypefunc_completing_argtypes(self, args_w):
         space = self.space
         nargs_declared = len(self.fargs)
diff --git a/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypeobj.py 
b/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypeobj.py
--- a/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypeobj.py
+++ b/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypeobj.py
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
     # XXX this could be improved with an elidable method get_size()
     # that raises in case it's still -1...
 
-    cast_anything = False
     is_primitive_integer = False
     is_nonfunc_pointer_or_array = False
     is_indirect_arg_for_call_python = False
diff --git a/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypeprim.py 
b/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypeprim.py
--- a/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypeprim.py
+++ b/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypeprim.py
@@ -120,7 +120,6 @@
 
 class W_CTypePrimitiveChar(W_CTypePrimitiveCharOrUniChar):
     _attrs_ = []
-    cast_anything = True
 
     def cast_to_int(self, cdata):
         return self.space.wrap(ord(cdata[0]))
diff --git a/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypeptr.py 
b/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypeptr.py
--- a/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypeptr.py
+++ b/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypeptr.py
@@ -14,12 +14,11 @@
 
 
 class W_CTypePtrOrArray(W_CType):
-    _attrs_            = ['ctitem', 'can_cast_anything', 'accept_str', 
'length']
-    _immutable_fields_ = ['ctitem', 'can_cast_anything', 'accept_str', 
'length']
+    _attrs_            = ['ctitem', 'accept_str', 'length']
+    _immutable_fields_ = ['ctitem', 'accept_str', 'length']
     length = -1
 
-    def __init__(self, space, size, extra, extra_position, ctitem,
-                 could_cast_anything=True):
+    def __init__(self, space, size, extra, extra_position, ctitem):
         name, name_position = ctitem.insert_name(extra, extra_position)
         W_CType.__init__(self, space, size, name, name_position)
         # this is the "underlying type":
@@ -27,10 +26,11 @@
         #  - for arrays, it is the array item type
         #  - for functions, it is the return type
         self.ctitem = ctitem
-        self.can_cast_anything = could_cast_anything and ctitem.cast_anything
-        self.accept_str = (self.can_cast_anything or
-                            (ctitem.is_primitive_integer and
-                             ctitem.size == rffi.sizeof(lltype.Char)))
+        self.accept_str = (self.is_nonfunc_pointer_or_array and
+                (isinstance(ctitem, ctypevoid.W_CTypeVoid) or
+                 isinstance(ctitem, ctypeprim.W_CTypePrimitiveChar) or
+                 (ctitem.is_primitive_integer and
+                  ctitem.size == rffi.sizeof(lltype.Char))))
 
     def is_unichar_ptr_or_array(self):
         return isinstance(self.ctitem, ctypeprim.W_CTypePrimitiveUniChar)
@@ -137,7 +137,10 @@
 
 class W_CTypePtrBase(W_CTypePtrOrArray):
     # base class for both pointers and pointers-to-functions
-    _attrs_ = []
+    _attrs_ = ['is_void_ptr', 'is_voidchar_ptr']
+    _immutable_fields_ = ['is_void_ptr', 'is_voidchar_ptr']
+    is_void_ptr = False
+    is_voidchar_ptr = False
 
     def convert_to_object(self, cdata):
         ptrdata = rffi.cast(rffi.CCHARPP, cdata)[0]
@@ -154,7 +157,16 @@
             else:
                 raise self._convert_error("compatible pointer", w_ob)
         if self is not other:
-            if not (self.can_cast_anything or other.can_cast_anything):
+            if self.is_void_ptr or other.is_void_ptr:
+                pass     # cast from or to 'void *'
+            elif self.is_voidchar_ptr or other.is_voidchar_ptr:
+                space = self.space
+                msg = ("implicit cast from '%s' to '%s' "
+                    "will be forbidden in the future (check that the types "
+                    "are as you expect; use an explicit ffi.cast() if they "
+                    "are correct)" % (other.name, self.name))
+                space.warn(space.wrap(msg), space.w_UserWarning, stacklevel=1)
+            else:
                 raise self._convert_error("compatible pointer", w_ob)
 
         rffi.cast(rffi.CCHARPP, cdata)[0] = w_ob.unsafe_escaping_ptr()
@@ -165,8 +177,8 @@
 
 
 class W_CTypePointer(W_CTypePtrBase):
-    _attrs_ = ['is_file', 'cache_array_type', 'is_void_ptr', '_array_types']
-    _immutable_fields_ = ['is_file', 'cache_array_type?', 'is_void_ptr']
+    _attrs_ = ['is_file', 'cache_array_type', '_array_types']
+    _immutable_fields_ = ['is_file', 'cache_array_type?']
     kind = "pointer"
     cache_array_type = None
     is_nonfunc_pointer_or_array = True
@@ -181,6 +193,8 @@
         self.is_file = (ctitem.name == "struct _IO_FILE" or
                         ctitem.name == "FILE")
         self.is_void_ptr = isinstance(ctitem, ctypevoid.W_CTypeVoid)
+        self.is_voidchar_ptr = (self.is_void_ptr or
+                           isinstance(ctitem, ctypeprim.W_CTypePrimitiveChar))
         W_CTypePtrBase.__init__(self, space, size, extra, 2, ctitem)
 
     def newp(self, w_init, allocator):
diff --git a/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypestruct.py 
b/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypestruct.py
--- a/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypestruct.py
+++ b/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypestruct.py
@@ -105,9 +105,6 @@
                 return True
         return False
 
-    def _check_only_one_argument_for_union(self, w_ob):
-        pass
-
     def convert_from_object(self, cdata, w_ob):
         if not self._copy_from_same(cdata, w_ob):
             self.convert_struct_from_object(cdata, w_ob, optvarsize=-1)
@@ -117,19 +114,24 @@
     )
     def convert_struct_from_object(self, cdata, w_ob, optvarsize):
         self.force_lazy_struct()
-        self._check_only_one_argument_for_union(w_ob)
 
         space = self.space
         if (space.isinstance_w(w_ob, space.w_list) or
             space.isinstance_w(w_ob, space.w_tuple)):
             lst_w = space.listview(w_ob)
-            if len(lst_w) > len(self._fields_list):
-                raise oefmt(space.w_ValueError,
-                            "too many initializers for '%s' (got %d)",
-                            self.name, len(lst_w))
-            for i in range(len(lst_w)):
-                optvarsize = self._fields_list[i].write_v(cdata, lst_w[i],
+            j = 0
+            for w_obj in lst_w:
+                try:
+                    while (self._fields_list[j].flags &
+                               W_CField.BF_IGNORE_IN_CTOR):
+                        j += 1
+                except IndexError:
+                    raise oefmt(space.w_ValueError,
+                                "too many initializers for '%s' (got %d)",
+                                self.name, len(lst_w))
+                optvarsize = self._fields_list[j].write_v(cdata, w_obj,
                                                           optvarsize)
+                j += 1
             return optvarsize
 
         elif space.isinstance_w(w_ob, space.w_dict):
@@ -185,14 +187,6 @@
 class W_CTypeUnion(W_CTypeStructOrUnion):
     kind = "union"
 
-    def _check_only_one_argument_for_union(self, w_ob):
-        space = self.space
-        n = space.int_w(space.len(w_ob))
-        if n > 1:
-            raise oefmt(space.w_ValueError,
-                        "initializer for '%s': %d items given, but only one "
-                        "supported (use a dict if needed)", self.name, n)
-
 
 class W_CField(W_Root):
     _immutable_ = True
@@ -200,18 +194,21 @@
     BS_REGULAR     = -1
     BS_EMPTY_ARRAY = -2
 
-    def __init__(self, ctype, offset, bitshift, bitsize):
+    BF_IGNORE_IN_CTOR = 0x01
+
+    def __init__(self, ctype, offset, bitshift, bitsize, flags):
         self.ctype = ctype
         self.offset = offset
         self.bitshift = bitshift # >= 0: bitshift; or BS_REGULAR/BS_EMPTY_ARRAY
         self.bitsize = bitsize
+        self.flags = flags       # BF_xxx
 
     def is_bitfield(self):
         return self.bitshift >= 0
 
-    def make_shifted(self, offset):
+    def make_shifted(self, offset, fflags):
         return W_CField(self.ctype, offset + self.offset,
-                        self.bitshift, self.bitsize)
+                        self.bitshift, self.bitsize, self.flags | fflags)
 
     def read(self, cdata):
         cdata = rffi.ptradd(cdata, self.offset)
@@ -341,5 +338,6 @@
     offset = interp_attrproperty('offset', W_CField),
     bitshift = interp_attrproperty('bitshift', W_CField),
     bitsize = interp_attrproperty('bitsize', W_CField),
+    flags = interp_attrproperty('flags', W_CField),
     )
 W_CField.typedef.acceptable_as_base_class = False
diff --git a/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypevoid.py 
b/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypevoid.py
--- a/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypevoid.py
+++ b/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/ctypevoid.py
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@
 
 class W_CTypeVoid(W_CType):
     _attrs_ = []
-    cast_anything = True
     kind = "void"
 
     def __init__(self, space):
diff --git a/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/handle.py 
b/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/handle.py
--- a/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/handle.py
+++ b/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/handle.py
@@ -32,8 +32,8 @@
 @unwrap_spec(w_cdata=cdataobj.W_CData)
 def from_handle(space, w_cdata):
     ctype = w_cdata.ctype
-    if (not isinstance(ctype, ctypeptr.W_CTypePtrOrArray) or
-        not ctype.can_cast_anything):
+    if (not isinstance(ctype, ctypeptr.W_CTypePointer) or
+        not ctype.is_voidchar_ptr):
         raise oefmt(space.w_TypeError,
                     "expected a 'cdata' object with a 'void *' out of "
                     "new_handle(), got '%s'", ctype.name)
diff --git a/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/newtype.py 
b/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/newtype.py
--- a/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/newtype.py
+++ b/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/newtype.py
@@ -345,6 +345,11 @@
         if alignment < falign and do_align:
             alignment = falign
         #
+        if is_union and i > 0:
+            fflags = ctypestruct.W_CField.BF_IGNORE_IN_CTOR
+        else:
+            fflags = 0
+        #
         if fbitsize < 0:
             # not a bitfield: common case
 
@@ -372,7 +377,7 @@
                 for name, srcfld in ftype._fields_dict.items():
                     srcfield2names[srcfld] = name
                 for srcfld in ftype._fields_list:
-                    fld = srcfld.make_shifted(boffset // 8)
+                    fld = srcfld.make_shifted(boffset // 8, fflags)
                     fields_list.append(fld)
                     try:
                         fields_dict[srcfield2names[srcfld]] = fld
@@ -382,7 +387,8 @@
                 w_ctype._custom_field_pos = True
             else:
                 # a regular field
-                fld = ctypestruct.W_CField(ftype, boffset // 8, bs_flag, -1)
+                fld = ctypestruct.W_CField(ftype, boffset // 8, bs_flag, -1,
+                                           fflags)
                 fields_list.append(fld)
                 fields_dict[fname] = fld
 
@@ -489,7 +495,7 @@
                     bitshift = 8 * ftype.size - fbitsize- bitshift
 
                 fld = ctypestruct.W_CField(ftype, field_offset_bytes,
-                                           bitshift, fbitsize)
+                                           bitshift, fbitsize, fflags)
                 fields_list.append(fld)
                 fields_dict[fname] = fld
 
diff --git a/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/test/_backend_test_c.py 
b/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/test/_backend_test_c.py
--- a/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/test/_backend_test_c.py
+++ b/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/test/_backend_test_c.py
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # ____________________________________________________________
 
 import sys
-assert __version__ == "1.8.0", ("This test_c.py file is for testing a version"
+assert __version__ == "1.8.3", ("This test_c.py file is for testing a version"
                                 " of cffi that differs from the one that we"
                                 " get from 'import _cffi_backend'")
 if sys.version_info < (3,):
@@ -2525,6 +2525,25 @@
     assert d[2][1].bitshift == -1
     assert d[2][1].bitsize == -1
 
+def test_nested_anonymous_struct_2():
+    BInt = new_primitive_type("int")
+    BStruct = new_struct_type("struct foo")
+    BInnerUnion = new_union_type("union bar")
+    complete_struct_or_union(BInnerUnion, [('a1', BInt, -1),
+                                           ('a2', BInt, -1)])
+    complete_struct_or_union(BStruct, [('b1', BInt, -1),
+                                       ('', BInnerUnion, -1),
+                                       ('b2', BInt, -1)])
+    assert sizeof(BInnerUnion) == sizeof(BInt)
+    assert sizeof(BStruct) == sizeof(BInt) * 3
+    fields = [(name, fld.offset, fld.flags) for (name, fld) in BStruct.fields]
+    assert fields == [
+        ('b1', 0 * sizeof(BInt), 0),
+        ('a1', 1 * sizeof(BInt), 0),
+        ('a2', 1 * sizeof(BInt), 1),
+        ('b2', 2 * sizeof(BInt), 0),
+    ]
+
 def test_sizeof_union():
     # a union has the largest alignment of its members, and a total size
     # that is the largest of its items *possibly further aligned* if
@@ -3646,3 +3665,27 @@
     check_dir(pp, [])
     check_dir(pp[0], ['a1', 'a2'])
     check_dir(pp[0][0], ['a1', 'a2'])
+
+def test_char_pointer_conversion():
+    import warnings
+    assert __version__.startswith(("1.8", "1.9")), (
+        "consider turning the warning into an error")
+    BCharP = new_pointer_type(new_primitive_type("char"))
+    BIntP = new_pointer_type(new_primitive_type("int"))
+    BVoidP = new_pointer_type(new_void_type())
+    z1 = cast(BCharP, 0)
+    z2 = cast(BIntP, 0)
+    z3 = cast(BVoidP, 0)
+    with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w:
+        newp(new_pointer_type(BIntP), z1)    # warn
+        assert len(w) == 1
+        newp(new_pointer_type(BVoidP), z1)   # fine
+        assert len(w) == 1
+        newp(new_pointer_type(BCharP), z2)   # warn
+        assert len(w) == 2
+        newp(new_pointer_type(BVoidP), z2)   # fine
+        assert len(w) == 2
+        newp(new_pointer_type(BCharP), z3)   # fine
+        assert len(w) == 2
+        newp(new_pointer_type(BIntP), z3)    # fine
+        assert len(w) == 2
diff --git a/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/test/test_ffi_obj.py 
b/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/test/test_ffi_obj.py
--- a/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/test/test_ffi_obj.py
+++ b/pypy/module/_cffi_backend/test/test_ffi_obj.py
@@ -503,3 +503,10 @@
         assert ffi.unpack(p+1, 7) == b"bc\x00def\x00"
         p = ffi.new("int[]", [-123456789])
         assert ffi.unpack(p, 1) == [-123456789]
+
+    def test_bug_1(self):
+        import _cffi_backend as _cffi1_backend
+        ffi = _cffi1_backend.FFI()
+        q = ffi.new("char[]", "abcd")
+        p = ffi.cast("char(*)(void)", q)
+        raises(TypeError, ffi.string, p)
diff --git a/pypy/module/_sre/__init__.py b/pypy/module/_sre/__init__.py
--- a/pypy/module/_sre/__init__.py
+++ b/pypy/module/_sre/__init__.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from pypy.interpreter.mixedmodule import MixedModule 
+from pypy.interpreter.mixedmodule import MixedModule
 
 class Module(MixedModule):
 
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
     interpleveldefs = {
         'CODESIZE':       'space.wrap(interp_sre.CODESIZE)',
-        'MAGIC':          'space.wrap(interp_sre.MAGIC)',
+        'MAGIC':          'space.newint(20031017)',
         'MAXREPEAT':      'space.wrap(interp_sre.MAXREPEAT)',
         'compile':        'interp_sre.W_SRE_Pattern',
         'getlower':       'interp_sre.w_getlower',
diff --git a/pypy/module/_sre/interp_sre.py b/pypy/module/_sre/interp_sre.py
--- a/pypy/module/_sre/interp_sre.py
+++ b/pypy/module/_sre/interp_sre.py
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 # Constants and exposed functions
 
 from rpython.rlib.rsre import rsre_core
-from rpython.rlib.rsre.rsre_char import MAGIC, CODESIZE, MAXREPEAT, getlower, 
set_unicode_db
+from rpython.rlib.rsre.rsre_char import CODESIZE, MAXREPEAT, getlower, 
set_unicode_db
 
 
 @unwrap_spec(char_ord=int, flags=int)
diff --git a/pypy/module/_ssl/test/test_ssl.py 
b/pypy/module/_ssl/test/test_ssl.py
--- a/pypy/module/_ssl/test/test_ssl.py
+++ b/pypy/module/_ssl/test/test_ssl.py
@@ -450,7 +450,12 @@
                 # For compatibility
                 assert exc.value.errno == _ssl.SSL_ERROR_WANT_READ
             finally:
-                c.shutdown()
+                try:
+                    c.shutdown()
+                except _ssl.SSLError:
+                    # If the expected exception was raised, the SSLContext
+                    # can't be shut down yet
+                    pass
         finally:
             s.close()
 
diff --git a/pypy/module/_winreg/interp_winreg.py 
b/pypy/module/_winreg/interp_winreg.py
--- a/pypy/module/_winreg/interp_winreg.py
+++ b/pypy/module/_winreg/interp_winreg.py
@@ -358,9 +358,15 @@
 
     elif typ == rwinreg.REG_SZ or typ == rwinreg.REG_EXPAND_SZ:
         if not buflen:
-            return space.wrap("")
-        s = rffi.charp2strn(rffi.cast(rffi.CCHARP, buf), buflen)
-        return space.wrap(s)
+            s = ""
+        else:
+            # may or may not have a trailing NULL in the buffer.
+            buf = rffi.cast(rffi.CCHARP, buf)
+            if buf[buflen - 1] == '\x00':
+                buflen -= 1
+            s = rffi.charp2strn(buf, buflen)
+        w_s = space.wrap(s)
+        return space.call_method(w_s, 'decode', space.wrap('mbcs'))
 
     elif typ == rwinreg.REG_MULTI_SZ:
         if not buflen:
@@ -460,7 +466,7 @@
                     return space.newtuple([
                         convert_from_regdata(space, databuf,
                                              length, retType[0]),
-                        space.wrap(retType[0]),
+                        space.wrap(intmask(retType[0])),
                         ])
 
 @unwrap_spec(subkey=str)
@@ -612,7 +618,7 @@
                                 space.wrap(rffi.charp2str(valuebuf)),
                                 convert_from_regdata(space, databuf,
                                                      length, retType[0]),
-                                space.wrap(retType[0]),
+                                space.wrap(intmask(retType[0])),
                                 ])
 
 @unwrap_spec(index=int)
diff --git a/pypy/module/_winreg/test/test_winreg.py 
b/pypy/module/_winreg/test/test_winreg.py
--- a/pypy/module/_winreg/test/test_winreg.py
+++ b/pypy/module/_winreg/test/test_winreg.py
@@ -151,6 +151,7 @@
 
     def test_readValues(self):
         from _winreg import OpenKey, EnumValue, QueryValueEx, EnumKey
+        from _winreg import REG_SZ, REG_EXPAND_SZ
         key = OpenKey(self.root_key, self.test_key_name)
         sub_key = OpenKey(key, "sub_key")
         index = 0
@@ -164,7 +165,10 @@
         assert index == len(self.test_data)
 
         for name, value, type in self.test_data:
-            assert QueryValueEx(sub_key, name) == (value, type)
+            result = QueryValueEx(sub_key, name)
+            assert result == (value, type)
+            if type == REG_SZ or type == REG_EXPAND_SZ:
+                assert isinstance(result[0], unicode)     # not string
 
         assert EnumKey(key, 0) == "sub_key"
         raises(EnvironmentError, EnumKey, key, 1)
diff --git a/pypy/module/array/interp_array.py 
b/pypy/module/array/interp_array.py
--- a/pypy/module/array/interp_array.py
+++ b/pypy/module/array/interp_array.py
@@ -597,6 +597,18 @@
     def getlength(self):
         return self.array.len * self.array.itemsize
 
+    def getformat(self):
+        return self.array.typecode
+
+    def getitemsize(self):
+        return self.array.itemsize
+
+    def getndim(self):
+        return 1
+
+    def getstrides(self):
+        return [self.getitemsize()]
+
     def getitem(self, index):
         array = self.array
         data = array._charbuf_start()
diff --git a/pypy/module/cpyext/api.py b/pypy/module/cpyext/api.py
--- a/pypy/module/cpyext/api.py
+++ b/pypy/module/cpyext/api.py
@@ -119,10 +119,10 @@
 
 constant_names = """
 Py_TPFLAGS_READY Py_TPFLAGS_READYING Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_GETCHARBUFFER
-METH_COEXIST METH_STATIC METH_CLASS Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE
-METH_NOARGS METH_VARARGS METH_KEYWORDS METH_O
-Py_TPFLAGS_HEAPTYPE Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_CLASS
-Py_LT Py_LE Py_EQ Py_NE Py_GT Py_GE Py_TPFLAGS_CHECKTYPES
+METH_COEXIST METH_STATIC METH_CLASS Py_TPFLAGS_BASETYPE Py_MAX_FMT
+METH_NOARGS METH_VARARGS METH_KEYWORDS METH_O Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_INPLACEOPS
+Py_TPFLAGS_HEAPTYPE Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_CLASS Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_NEWBUFFER
+Py_LT Py_LE Py_EQ Py_NE Py_GT Py_GE Py_TPFLAGS_CHECKTYPES Py_MAX_NDIMS
 """.split()
 for name in constant_names:
     setattr(CConfig_constants, name, rffi_platform.ConstantInteger(name))
@@ -645,10 +645,14 @@
         ('format', rffi.CCHARP),
         ('shape', Py_ssize_tP),
         ('strides', Py_ssize_tP),
+        ('_format', rffi.CFixedArray(rffi.UCHAR, Py_MAX_FMT)),
+        ('_shape', rffi.CFixedArray(Py_ssize_t, Py_MAX_NDIMS)),
+        ('_strides', rffi.CFixedArray(Py_ssize_t, Py_MAX_NDIMS)),
         ('suboffsets', Py_ssize_tP),
         #('smalltable', rffi.CFixedArray(Py_ssize_t, 2)),
         ('internal', rffi.VOIDP)
         ))
+Py_bufferP = lltype.Ptr(Py_buffer)
 
 @specialize.memo()
 def is_PyObject(TYPE):
@@ -976,8 +980,10 @@
         py_type_ready(space, get_capsule_type())
     INIT_FUNCTIONS.append(init_types)
     from pypy.module.posix.interp_posix import add_fork_hook
-    reinit_tls = rffi.llexternal('%sThread_ReInitTLS' % prefix, [], 
lltype.Void,
-                                 compilation_info=eci)
+    _reinit_tls = rffi.llexternal('%sThread_ReInitTLS' % prefix, [], 
+                                  lltype.Void, compilation_info=eci)
+    def reinit_tls(space):
+        _reinit_tls()
     add_fork_hook('child', reinit_tls)
 
 def init_function(func):
diff --git a/pypy/module/cpyext/buffer.py b/pypy/module/cpyext/buffer.py
--- a/pypy/module/cpyext/buffer.py
+++ b/pypy/module/cpyext/buffer.py
@@ -1,41 +1,15 @@
-from pypy.interpreter.error import oefmt
-from rpython.rtyper.lltypesystem import rffi, lltype
+from rpython.rtyper.lltypesystem import rffi
 from pypy.module.cpyext.api import (
-    cpython_api, CANNOT_FAIL, Py_buffer)
+    cpython_api, CANNOT_FAIL, Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_NEWBUFFER)
 from pypy.module.cpyext.pyobject import PyObject
 
 @cpython_api([PyObject], rffi.INT_real, error=CANNOT_FAIL)
-def PyObject_CheckBuffer(space, w_obj):
+def PyObject_CheckBuffer(space, pyobj):
     """Return 1 if obj supports the buffer interface otherwise 0."""
-    return 0  # the bf_getbuffer field is never filled by cpyext
+    as_buffer = pyobj.c_ob_type.c_tp_as_buffer
+    flags = pyobj.c_ob_type.c_tp_flags
+    if (flags & Py_TPFLAGS_HAVE_NEWBUFFER and as_buffer.c_bf_getbuffer):
+        return 1
+    return 0  
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