Marco Buttu added the comment: The documentation [1] says: "If a variable is used in a code block but not defined there, it is a free variable." According to this description, it seems to me that the variable ``x`` is free in ``foo()``::
>>> def foo(): ... print(x) But actually for the code object it is not:: >>> foo.__code__.co_freevars () The meaning of free variable used for the code object is consistent with the ``locals()`` documentation [2]: "Free variables are returned by locals() when it is called in function blocks". In fact, in the following code ``x` is not a free variable for ``locals()``:: >>> def foo(): ... print(x) ... print(locals()) ... >>> x = 3 >>> foo() 3 {} So, I thing there is an inconsistency between the definition of "free variable" given in [1] and the meaning of "free variable" both in the code object and in the ``locals()`` documentation [2]. But if we change the definition of "free variable" according to the meaning of both the code object and ``locals()``, I am afraid we go in the wrong direction, because I suspect for most people the proper definition of free variable is the one given in [1]. Also for Wikipedia [3]: "In computer programming, the term free variable refers to variables used in a function that are neither local variables nor parameters of that function.". Instead, if we keep or remove the definition of "free variable" given in [1], I agree with Terry to change the ``locals()`` documentation, writing that "``locals()`` includes also the locals of the surrounding function contexts, even though they are called 'nonlocal' within the nested function.". Maybe it is also worth adding a shell example, to better clarify. So, at the end, to me the ideal solution would be to keep in [1] the current definition of "free variable", to change the ``locals()`` documentation according to Terry suggestion, and to change the behavior of ``code.co_freevars`` (maybe not only this) in order to fit the definition. [1] https://docs.python.org/3/reference/executionmodel.html#naming-and-binding [2] https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#locals [3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_variables_and_bound_variables ---------- nosy: +marco.buttu _______________________________________ Python tracker <rep...@bugs.python.org> <http://bugs.python.org/issue26683> _______________________________________ _______________________________________________ Python-bugs-list mailing list Unsubscribe: https://mail.python.org/mailman/options/python-bugs-list/archive%40mail-archive.com