Matti <matti.jans...@fysik.su.se> added the comment:

If we estimate the mean using a sample we loose one degree of freedom so it 
will be divided by N-1, while if we have the mean independent of the sample it 
should be divided by N to be unbiased. 

i.e. 
example 1 
sqrt(((1-1.5)²+(2-1.5)²)/(2-1)) = 0.7...
example 3
sqrt(((1-1.5)²+(2-1.5)²)/(2)) = 0.5

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Python tracker <rep...@bugs.python.org>
<https://bugs.python.org/issue40855>
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