Thorsten <mrsupert...@gmail.com> added the comment:

German example in casefolding is plain incorrect.

#Casefolding is similar to lowercasing but more aggressive because it is 
#intended to remove all case distinctions in a string. For example, the #German 
lowercase letter 'ß' is equivalent to "ss". Since it is already #lowercase, 
lower() would do nothing to 'ß'; casefold() converts it to #"ss".

It is not true that "ß" is equivalent to "ss" and has not been since an 
orthography reform in 1996. These are to be used in distinct use cases. "ß" 
after a diphthong or a long/open vowel. "ss" after a short/closed vowel. The 
documentation correctly describes (in this case) how Python handles the 
.casefold() for this letter, although the behavior itself is incorrect.

As mentioned before, in 2017 an official upper-case version of "ß" has been 
introduced into German orthography: "ẞ". The German example should be stated as 
current incorrect behavior in the documentation.

+1 to adding previously mentioned sentence: In addition to lowercasing, this 
function also expands ligatures, for example, "fi" becomes "fi".

----------
nosy: +MrSupertash

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