https://github.com/python/cpython/commit/c33dc154b4d219a696f3fbe8965a38907c371780
commit: c33dc154b4d219a696f3fbe8965a38907c371780
branch: main
author: Adam Turner <[email protected]>
committer: hugovk <[email protected]>
date: 2025-10-04T15:58:51+03:00
summary:
GH-123299: Copyedit 3.14 What's New: New and Improved Modules (#139530)
files:
M Doc/library/compression.rst
M Doc/whatsnew/3.14.rst
diff --git a/Doc/library/compression.rst b/Doc/library/compression.rst
index 618b4a3c2bd170..98719be9992acc 100644
--- a/Doc/library/compression.rst
+++ b/Doc/library/compression.rst
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
The :mod:`!compression` package
===============================
+.. module:: compression
+
.. versionadded:: 3.14
The :mod:`!compression` package contains the canonical compression modules
diff --git a/Doc/whatsnew/3.14.rst b/Doc/whatsnew/3.14.rst
index 3e204eafac8aa3..647b20bf6a9a4a 100644
--- a/Doc/whatsnew/3.14.rst
+++ b/Doc/whatsnew/3.14.rst
@@ -1212,10 +1212,30 @@ Default interactive shell
New modules
===========
-* :mod:`annotationlib`: For introspecting :term:`annotations <annotation>`.
- See :pep:`749` for more details.
+* :mod:`annotationlib`:
+ For introspecting :term:`annotations <annotation>`.
+ See :ref:`PEP 749 <whatsnew314-pep649>` for more details.
(Contributed by Jelle Zijlstra in :gh:`119180`.)
+* :mod:`compression` (including :mod:`compression.zstd`):
+ A package for compression-related modules,
+ including a new module to support the Zstandard compression format.
+ See :ref:`PEP 784 <whatsnew314-pep784>` for more details.
+ (Contributed by Emma Harper Smith, Adam Turner, Gregory P. Smith, Tomas Roun,
+ Victor Stinner, and Rogdham in :gh:`132983`.)
+
+* :mod:`concurrent.interpreters`:
+ Support for multiple interpreters in the standard library.
+ See :ref:`PEP 734 <whatsnew314-pep734>` for more details.
+ (Contributed by Eric Snow in :gh:`134939`.)
+
+* :mod:`string.templatelib`:
+ Support for template string literals (t-strings).
+ See :ref:`PEP 750 <whatsnew314-pep750>` for more details.
+ (Contributed by Jim Baker, Guido van Rossum, Paul Everitt, Koudai Aono,
+ Lysandros Nikolaou, Dave Peck, Adam Turner, Jelle Zijlstra, Bénédikt Tran,
+ and Pablo Galindo Salgado in :gh:`132661`.)
+
Improved modules
================
@@ -1233,7 +1253,7 @@ argparse
and subparser names if mistyped by the user.
(Contributed by Savannah Ostrowski in :gh:`124456`.)
- .. _whatsnew314-color-argparse:
+.. _whatsnew314-color-argparse:
* Enable color for help text, which can be disabled with the optional *color*
parameter to :class:`argparse.ArgumentParser`.
@@ -1245,7 +1265,7 @@ argparse
ast
---
-* Add :func:`ast.compare` for comparing two ASTs.
+* Add :func:`~ast.compare`, a function for comparing two ASTs.
(Contributed by Batuhan Taskaya and Jeremy Hylton in :gh:`60191`.)
* Add support for :func:`copy.replace` for AST nodes.
@@ -1254,15 +1274,17 @@ ast
* Docstrings are now removed from an optimized AST in optimization level 2.
(Contributed by Irit Katriel in :gh:`123958`.)
-* The ``repr()`` output for AST nodes now includes more information.
+* The :func:`repr` output for AST nodes now includes more information.
(Contributed by Tomas Roun in :gh:`116022`.)
-* :func:`ast.parse`, when called with an AST as input, now always verifies
- that the root node type is appropriate.
+* When called with an AST as input, the :func:`~ast.parse` function
+ now always verifies that the root node type is appropriate.
(Contributed by Irit Katriel in :gh:`130139`.)
-* Add new ``--feature-version``, ``--optimize``, ``--show-empty`` options to
- the command-line interface.
+* Add new options to the command-line interface:
+ :option:`--feature-version <ast --feature-version>`,
+ :option:`--optimize <ast --optimize>`, and
+ :option:`--show-empty <ast --show-empty>`.
(Contributed by Semyon Moroz in :gh:`133367`.)
@@ -1281,20 +1303,23 @@ asyncio
:meth:`asyncio.create_task`,
:meth:`asyncio.loop.create_task`,
:meth:`asyncio.TaskGroup.create_task`.
+
(Contributed by Thomas Grainger in :gh:`128307`.)
* There are two new utility functions for
introspecting and printing a program's call graph:
:func:`~asyncio.capture_call_graph` and :func:`~asyncio.print_call_graph`.
+ See :ref:`Asyncio introspection capabilities
+ <whatsnew314-asyncio-introspection>` for more details.
(Contributed by Yury Selivanov, Pablo Galindo Salgado, and Łukasz Langa
in :gh:`91048`.)
- .. _whatsnew314-color-calendar:
-
calendar
--------
+.. _whatsnew314-color-calendar:
+
* By default, today's date is highlighted in color in :mod:`calendar`'s
:ref:`command-line <calendar-cli>` text output.
This can be controlled by :ref:`environment variables
@@ -1307,10 +1332,14 @@ concurrent.futures
.. _whatsnew314-concurrent-futures-interp-pool:
-* Add :class:`~concurrent.futures.InterpreterPoolExecutor`,
- which exposes "subinterpreters" (multiple Python interpreters in the
- same process) to Python code. This is separate from the proposed API
- in :pep:`734`.
+* Add a new executor class,
:class:`~concurrent.futures.InterpreterPoolExecutor`,
+ which exposes multiple Python interpreters in the same process
+ ('subinterpreters') to Python code.
+ This uses a pool of independent Python interpreters to execute calls
+ asynchronously.
+
+ This is separate from the new :mod:`~concurrent.interpreters` module
+ introduced by :ref:`PEP 734 <whatsnew314-pep734>`.
(Contributed by Eric Snow in :gh:`124548`.)
.. _whatsnew314-concurrent-futures-start-method:
@@ -1334,31 +1363,36 @@ concurrent.futures
(Contributed by Gregory P. Smith in :gh:`84559`.)
-* Add :meth:`concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor.terminate_workers` and
- :meth:`concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor.kill_workers` as
- ways to terminate or kill all living worker processes in the given pool.
+* Add two new methods to :class:`~concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor`,
+ :meth:`~concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor.terminate_workers`
+ and :meth:`~concurrent.futures.ProcessPoolExecutor.kill_workers`,
+ as ways to terminate or kill all living worker processes in the given pool.
(Contributed by Charles Machalow in :gh:`130849`.)
-* Add the optional ``buffersize`` parameter to
- :meth:`concurrent.futures.Executor.map` to limit the number of submitted
+* Add the optional *buffersize* parameter to :meth:`Executor.map
+ <concurrent.futures.Executor.map>` to limit the number of submitted
tasks whose results have not yet been yielded. If the buffer is full,
iteration over the *iterables* pauses until a result is yielded from the
buffer.
(Contributed by Enzo Bonnal and Josh Rosenberg in :gh:`74028`.)
+
configparser
------------
-* Security fix: will no longer write config files it cannot read. Attempting
- to :meth:`configparser.ConfigParser.write` keys containing delimiters or
- beginning with the section header pattern will raise a
- :class:`configparser.InvalidWriteError`.
+* :mod:`!configparser` will no longer write config files it cannot read,
+ to improve security.
+ Attempting to :meth:`~configparser.ConfigParser.write` keys containing
+ delimiters or beginning with the section header pattern will raise an
+ :class:`~configparser.InvalidWriteError`.
(Contributed by Jacob Lincoln in :gh:`129270`.)
+
contextvars
-----------
-* Support context manager protocol by :class:`contextvars.Token`.
+* Support the :term:`context manager` protocol
+ for :class:`~contextvars.Token` objects.
(Contributed by Andrew Svetlov in :gh:`129889`.)
@@ -1366,8 +1400,8 @@ ctypes
------
* The layout of :ref:`bit fields <ctypes-bit-fields-in-structures-unions>`
- in :class:`~ctypes.Structure` and :class:`~ctypes.Union`
- now matches platform defaults (GCC/Clang or MSVC) more closely.
+ in :class:`~ctypes.Structure` and :class:`~ctypes.Union` objects
+ is now a closer match to platform defaults (GCC/Clang or MSVC).
In particular, fields no longer overlap.
(Contributed by Matthias Görgens in :gh:`97702`.)
@@ -1386,7 +1420,7 @@ ctypes
* On Windows, the :func:`~ctypes.CopyComPointer` function is now public.
(Contributed by Jun Komoda in :gh:`127275`.)
-* :func:`ctypes.memoryview_at` now exists to create a
+* Add :func:`~ctypes.memoryview_at`, a function to create a
:class:`memoryview` object that refers to the supplied pointer and
length. This works like :func:`ctypes.string_at` except it avoids a
buffer copy, and is typically useful when implementing pure Python
@@ -1394,7 +1428,7 @@ ctypes
(Contributed by Rian Hunter in :gh:`112018`.)
* Complex types, :class:`~ctypes.c_float_complex`,
- :class:`~ctypes.c_double_complex` and :class:`~ctypes.c_longdouble_complex`,
+ :class:`~ctypes.c_double_complex`, and :class:`~ctypes.c_longdouble_complex`,
are now available if both the compiler and the ``libffi`` library support
complex C types.
(Contributed by Sergey B Kirpichev in :gh:`61103`.)
@@ -1404,50 +1438,57 @@ ctypes
(Contributed by Brian Ward in :gh:`119349`.)
* Move :func:`ctypes.POINTER` types cache from a global internal cache
- (``_pointer_type_cache``) to the :attr:`ctypes._CData.__pointer_type__`
- attribute of the corresponding :mod:`ctypes` types.
+ (``_pointer_type_cache``) to the :attr:`_CData.__pointer_type__
+ <ctypes._CData.__pointer_type__>` attribute of the corresponding
+ :mod:`!ctypes` types.
This will stop the cache from growing without limits in some situations.
(Contributed by Sergey Miryanov in :gh:`100926`.)
-* The :class:`ctypes.py_object` type now supports subscription,
+* The :class:`~ctypes.py_object` type now supports subscription,
making it a :term:`generic type`.
(Contributed by Brian Schubert in :gh:`132168`.)
-* :mod:`ctypes` now supports :term:`free-threading builds <free threading>`.
+* :mod:`!ctypes` now supports :term:`free-threading builds <free threading>`.
(Contributed by Kumar Aditya and Peter Bierma in :gh:`127945`.)
+
curses
------
* Add the :func:`~curses.assume_default_colors` function,
a refinement of the :func:`~curses.use_default_colors` function which
- allows to change the color pair ``0``.
+ allows changing the color pair ``0``.
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`133139`.)
+
datetime
--------
-* Add :meth:`datetime.time.strptime` and :meth:`datetime.date.strptime`.
+* Add the :meth:`~datetime.date.strptime` method to the
+ :class:`datetime.date` and :class:`datetime.time` classes.
(Contributed by Wannes Boeykens in :gh:`41431`.)
+
decimal
-------
-* Add alternative :class:`~decimal.Decimal` constructor
- :meth:`Decimal.from_number() <decimal.Decimal.from_number>`.
+* Add :meth:`.Decimal.from_number` as an alternative constructor for
+ :class:`~decimal.Decimal`.
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`121798`.)
-* Expose :func:`decimal.IEEEContext` to support creation of contexts
+* Expose :func:`~decimal.IEEEContext` to support creation of contexts
corresponding to the IEEE 754 (2008) decimal interchange formats.
(Contributed by Sergey B Kirpichev in :gh:`53032`.)
+
difflib
-------
* Comparison pages with highlighted changes generated by the
- :class:`difflib.HtmlDiff` class now support dark mode.
+ :class:`~difflib.HtmlDiff` class now support 'dark mode'.
(Contributed by Jiahao Li in :gh:`129939`.)
+
dis
---
@@ -1472,7 +1513,7 @@ dis
errno
-----
-* Add :data:`errno.EHWPOISON` error code.
+* Add the :data:`~errno.EHWPOISON` error code constant.
(Contributed by James Roy in :gh:`126585`.)
@@ -1480,39 +1521,43 @@ faulthandler
------------
* Add support for printing the C stack trace on systems that
- :ref:`support it <c-stack-compatibility>` via
:func:`faulthandler.dump_c_stack`
- or via the *c_stack* argument in :func:`faulthandler.enable`.
+ :ref:`support it <c-stack-compatibility>` via the new
+ :func:`~faulthandler.dump_c_stack` function or via the *c_stack* argument
+ in :func:`faulthandler.enable`.
(Contributed by Peter Bierma in :gh:`127604`.)
fnmatch
-------
-* Added :func:`fnmatch.filterfalse` for excluding names matching a pattern.
+* Add :func:`~fnmatch.filterfalse`, a function to reject names
+ matching a given pattern.
(Contributed by Bénédikt Tran in :gh:`74598`.)
fractions
---------
-* Add support for converting any objects that have the
- :meth:`!as_integer_ratio` method to a :class:`~fractions.Fraction`.
+* A :class:`~fractions.Fraction` object may now be constructed from any
+ object with the :meth:`!as_integer_ratio` method.
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`82017`.)
-* Add alternative :class:`~fractions.Fraction` constructor
- :meth:`Fraction.from_number() <fractions.Fraction.from_number>`.
+* Add :meth:`.Fraction.from_number` as an alternative constructor for
+ :class:`~fractions.Fraction`.
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`121797`.)
functools
---------
-* Add support to :func:`functools.partial` and
- :func:`functools.partialmethod` for :data:`functools.Placeholder` sentinels
- to reserve a place for positional arguments.
+* Add the :data:`~functools.Placeholder` sentinel.
+ This may be used with the :func:`~functools.partial`
+ or :func:`~functools.partialmethod` functions to reserve a place
+ for positional arguments in the returned :ref:`partial object
+ <partial-objects>`.
(Contributed by Dominykas Grigonis in :gh:`119127`.)
-* Allow the *initial* parameter of :func:`functools.reduce` to be passed
+* Allow the *initial* parameter of :func:`~functools.reduce` to be passed
as a keyword argument.
(Contributed by Sayandip Dutta in :gh:`125916`.)
@@ -1530,16 +1575,17 @@ getopt
getpass
-------
-* Support keyboard feedback by :func:`getpass.getpass` via the keyword-only
- optional argument ``echo_char``. Placeholder characters are rendered whenever
- a character is entered, and removed when a character is deleted.
+* Support keyboard feedback in the :func:`~getpass.getpass` function via
+ the keyword-only optional argument *echo_char*.
+ Placeholder characters are rendered whenever a character is entered,
+ and removed when a character is deleted.
(Contributed by Semyon Moroz in :gh:`77065`.)
graphlib
--------
-* Allow :meth:`graphlib.TopologicalSorter.prepare` to be called more than once
+* Allow :meth:`.TopologicalSorter.prepare` to be called more than once
as long as sorting has not started.
(Contributed by Daniel Pope in :gh:`130914`.)
@@ -1547,13 +1593,14 @@ graphlib
heapq
-----
-* Add functions for working with max-heaps:
+* The :mod:`!heapq` module has improved support for working with max-heaps,
+ via the following new functions:
- * :func:`heapq.heapify_max`,
- * :func:`heapq.heappush_max`,
- * :func:`heapq.heappop_max`,
- * :func:`heapq.heapreplace_max`
- * :func:`heapq.heappushpop_max`
+ * :func:`~heapq.heapify_max`
+ * :func:`~heapq.heappush_max`
+ * :func:`~heapq.heappop_max`
+ * :func:`~heapq.heapreplace_max`
+ * :func:`~heapq.heappushpop_max`
hmac
@@ -1578,9 +1625,12 @@ http
the command-line interface (``python -m http.server``) through the following
options:
- * ``--tls-cert <path>``: Path to the TLS certificate file.
- * ``--tls-key <path>``: Optional path to the private key file.
- * ``--tls-password-file <path>``: Optional path to the password file for the
private key.
+ * :option:`--tls-cert \<path\> <http.server --tls-cert>`:
+ Path to the TLS certificate file.
+ * :option:`--tls-key \<path\> <http.server --tls-key>`:
+ Optional path to the private key file.
+ * :option:`--tls-password-file \<path\> <http.server --tls-password-file>`:
+ Optional path to the password file for the private key.
(Contributed by Semyon Moroz in :gh:`85162`.)
@@ -1588,7 +1638,7 @@ http
imaplib
-------
-* Add :meth:`IMAP4.idle() <imaplib.IMAP4.idle>`, implementing the IMAP4
+* Add :meth:`.IMAP4.idle`, implementing the IMAP4
``IDLE`` command as defined in :rfc:`2177`.
(Contributed by Forest in :gh:`55454`.)
@@ -1596,15 +1646,16 @@ imaplib
inspect
-------
-* :func:`inspect.signature` takes a new argument *annotation_format* to control
+* :func:`~inspect.signature` takes a new argument *annotation_format* to
control
the :class:`annotationlib.Format` used for representing annotations.
(Contributed by Jelle Zijlstra in :gh:`101552`.)
-* :meth:`inspect.Signature.format` takes a new argument *unquote_annotations*.
- If true, string :term:`annotations <annotation>` are displayed without
surrounding quotes.
+* :meth:`.Signature.format` takes a new argument *unquote_annotations*.
+ If true, string :term:`annotations <annotation>` are displayed without
+ surrounding quotes.
(Contributed by Jelle Zijlstra in :gh:`101552`.)
-* Add function :func:`inspect.ispackage` to determine whether an object is a
+* Add function :func:`~inspect.ispackage` to determine whether an object is a
:term:`package` or not.
(Contributed by Zhikang Yan in :gh:`125634`.)
@@ -1616,7 +1667,7 @@ io
:exc:`BlockingIOError` if the operation cannot immediately return bytes.
(Contributed by Giovanni Siragusa in :gh:`109523`.)
-* Add protocols :class:`io.Reader` and :class:`io.Writer` as simpler
+* Add the :class:`~io.Reader` and :class:`~io.Writer` protocols as simpler
alternatives to the pseudo-protocols :class:`typing.IO`,
:class:`typing.TextIO`, and :class:`typing.BinaryIO`.
(Contributed by Sebastian Rittau in :gh:`127648`.)
@@ -1625,16 +1676,18 @@ io
json
----
-* Add notes for JSON serialization errors that allow to identify the source
- of the error.
+* Add exception notes for JSON serialization errors that allow
+ identifying the source of the error.
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`122163`.)
-* Enable the :mod:`json` module to work as a script using the :option:`-m`
- switch: :program:`python -m json`.
+* Allow using the :mod:`json` module as a script using the :option:`-m` switch:
+ :program:`python -m json`.
+ This is now preferred to :program:`python -m json.tool`,
+ which is :term:`soft deprecated`.
See the :ref:`JSON command-line interface <json-commandline>` documentation.
(Contributed by Trey Hunner in :gh:`122873`.)
- .. _whatsnew314-color-json:
+.. _whatsnew314-color-json:
* By default, the output of the :ref:`JSON command-line interface
<json-commandline>` is highlighted in color.
@@ -1642,18 +1695,19 @@ json
<using-on-controlling-color>`.
(Contributed by Tomas Roun in :gh:`131952`.)
+
linecache
---------
-* :func:`linecache.getline` can retrieve source code for frozen modules.
+* :func:`~linecache.getline` can now retrieve source code for frozen modules.
(Contributed by Tian Gao in :gh:`131638`.)
logging.handlers
----------------
-* :class:`logging.handlers.QueueListener` now implements the context
- manager protocol, allowing it to be used in a :keyword:`with` statement.
+* :class:`~logging.handlers.QueueListener` objects now support the
+ :term:`context manager` protocol.
(Contributed by Charles Machalow in :gh:`132106`.)
* :meth:`QueueListener.start <logging.handlers.QueueListener.start>` now
@@ -1671,14 +1725,13 @@ math
mimetypes
---------
-* Document the command-line for :mod:`mimetypes`.
- It now exits with ``1`` on failure instead of ``0``
- and ``2`` on incorrect command-line parameters instead of ``1``.
- Also, errors are printed to stderr instead of stdout and their text is made
- tighter.
+* Add a public :ref:`command-line <mimetypes-cli>` for the module,
+ invoked via :program:`python -m mimetypes`.
(Contributed by Oleg Iarygin and Hugo van Kemenade in :gh:`93096`.)
-* Add MS and :rfc:`8081` MIME types for fonts:
+* Add several new MIME types based on RFCs and common usage:
+
+ .. rubric:: Microsoft and :rfc:`8081` MIME types for fonts
* Embedded OpenType: ``application/vnd.ms-fontobject``
* OpenType Layout (OTF) ``font/otf``
@@ -1686,18 +1739,14 @@ mimetypes
* WOFF 1.0 ``font/woff``
* WOFF 2.0 ``font/woff2``
- (Contributed by Sahil Prajapati and Hugo van Kemenade in :gh:`84852`.)
-
-* Add :rfc:`9559` MIME types for Matroska audiovisual data container
- structures, containing:
+ .. rubric:: :rfc:`9559` MIME types for Matroska audiovisual
+ data container structures
* audio with no video: ``audio/matroska`` (``.mka``)
* video: ``video/matroska`` (``.mkv``)
* stereoscopic video: ``video/matroska-3d`` (``.mk3d``)
- (Contributed by Hugo van Kemenade in :gh:`89416`.)
-
-* Add MIME types for images with RFCs:
+ .. rubric:: Images with RFCs
* :rfc:`1494`: CCITT Group 3 (``.g3``)
* :rfc:`3362`: Real-time Facsimile, T.38 (``.t38``)
@@ -1706,9 +1755,7 @@ mimetypes
* :rfc:`4047`: Flexible Image Transport System (``.fits``)
* :rfc:`7903`: Enhanced Metafile (``.emf``) and Windows Metafile (``.wmf``)
- (Contributed by Hugo van Kemenade in :gh:`85957`.)
-
-* More MIME type changes:
+ .. rubric:: Other MIME type additions and changes
* :rfc:`2361`: Change type for ``.avi`` to ``video/vnd.avi``
and for ``.wav`` to ``audio/vnd.wave``
@@ -1716,6 +1763,8 @@ mimetypes
* :rfc:`5334`: Add Ogg media (``.oga``, ``.ogg`` and ``.ogx``)
* :rfc:`6713`: Add gzip ``application/gzip`` (``.gz``)
* :rfc:`9639`: Add FLAC ``audio/flac`` (``.flac``)
+ * :rfc:`9512` ``application/yaml`` MIME type for YAML files (``.yaml``
+ and ``.yml``)
* Add 7z ``application/x-7z-compressed`` (``.7z``)
* Add Android Package ``application/vnd.android.package-archive`` (``.apk``)
when not strict
@@ -1738,11 +1787,9 @@ mimetypes
* `W3C <https://www.w3.org/TR/epub-33/#app-media-type>`__:
Add EPUB ``application/epub+zip`` (``.epub``)
- (Contributed by Hugo van Kemenade in :gh:`129965`.)
-
-* Add :rfc:`9512` ``application/yaml`` MIME type for YAML files (``.yaml``
- and ``.yml``). (Contributed by Sasha "Nelie" Chernykh and Hugo van Kemenade
- in :gh:`132056`.)
+ (Contributed by Sahil Prajapati and Hugo van Kemenade in :gh:`84852`,
+ by Sasha "Nelie" Chernykh and Hugo van Kemenade in :gh:`132056`,
+ and by Hugo van Kemenade in :gh:`89416`, :gh:`85957`, and :gh:`129965`.)
multiprocessing
@@ -1758,8 +1805,8 @@ multiprocessing
<multiprocessing-start-method-spawn>` remains the default start method.
If the threading incompatible *fork* method is required, you must explicitly
- request it via a context from :func:`multiprocessing.get_context` (preferred)
- or change the default via :func:`multiprocessing.set_start_method`.
+ request it via a context from :func:`~multiprocessing.get_context`
(preferred)
+ or change the default via :func:`~multiprocessing.set_start_method`.
See :ref:`forkserver restrictions <multiprocessing-programming-forkserver>`
for information and differences with the *fork* method and how this change
@@ -1768,7 +1815,7 @@ multiprocessing
(Contributed by Gregory P. Smith in :gh:`84559`.)
-* :mod:`multiprocessing`'s ``"forkserver"`` start method now authenticates
+* :mod:`multiprocessing`'s ``'forkserver'`` start method now authenticates
its control socket to avoid solely relying on filesystem permissions
to restrict what other processes could cause the forkserver to spawn workers
and run code.
@@ -1784,20 +1831,22 @@ multiprocessing
(Contributed by Roy Hyunjin Han for :gh:`103134`.)
* Add support for shared :class:`set` objects via
- :meth:`SyncManager.set() <multiprocessing.managers.SyncManager.set>`.
- The :func:`set` in :func:`multiprocessing.Manager` method is now available.
+ :meth:`.SyncManager.set`.
+ The :func:`set` in :func:`~multiprocessing.Manager` method is now available.
(Contributed by Mingyu Park in :gh:`129949`.)
-* Add :func:`multiprocessing.Process.interrupt` which terminates the child
+* Add the :meth:`~multiprocessing.Process.interrupt`
+ to :class:`multiprocessing.Process` objects, which terminates the child
process by sending :py:const:`~signal.SIGINT`. This enables
:keyword:`finally` clauses to print a stack trace for the terminated
process. (Contributed by Artem Pulkin in :gh:`131913`.)
+
operator
--------
-* Two new functions :func:`operator.is_none` and :func:`operator.is_not_none`
- have been added, such that ``operator.is_none(obj)`` is equivalent
+* Add :func:`~operator.is_none` and :func:`~operator.is_not_none` as a pair
+ of functions, such that ``operator.is_none(obj)`` is equivalent
to ``obj is None`` and ``operator.is_not_none(obj)`` is equivalent
to ``obj is not None``.
(Contributed by Raymond Hettinger and Nico Mexis in :gh:`115808`.)
@@ -1806,17 +1855,17 @@ operator
os
--
-* Add the :func:`os.reload_environ` function to update :data:`os.environ` and
+* Add the :func:`~os.reload_environ` function to update :data:`os.environ` and
:data:`os.environb` with changes to the environment made by
:func:`os.putenv`, by :func:`os.unsetenv`, or made outside Python in the
same process.
(Contributed by Victor Stinner in :gh:`120057`.)
* Add the :data:`~os.SCHED_DEADLINE` and :data:`~os.SCHED_NORMAL` constants
- to the :mod:`os` module.
+ to the :mod:`!os` module.
(Contributed by James Roy in :gh:`127688`.)
-* Add the :func:`os.readinto` function to read into a
+* Add the :func:`~os.readinto` function to read into a
:ref:`buffer object <bufferobjects>` from a file descriptor.
(Contributed by Cody Maloney in :gh:`129205`.)
@@ -1824,8 +1873,8 @@ os
os.path
-------
-* The *strict* parameter to :func:`os.path.realpath` accepts a new value,
- :data:`os.path.ALLOW_MISSING`.
+* The *strict* parameter to :func:`~os.path.realpath` accepts a new value,
+ :data:`~os.path.ALLOW_MISSING`.
If used, errors other than :exc:`FileNotFoundError` will be re-raised;
the resulting path can be missing but it will be free of symlinks.
(Contributed by Petr Viktorin for :cve:`2025-4517`.)
@@ -1844,8 +1893,8 @@ pathlib
(Contributed by Barney Gale in :gh:`73991`.)
-* Add :attr:`pathlib.Path.info` attribute, which stores an object
- implementing the :class:`pathlib.types.PathInfo` protocol (also new). The
+* Add the :attr:`~pathlib.Path.info` attribute, which stores an object
+ implementing the new :class:`pathlib.types.PathInfo` protocol. The
object supports querying the file type and internally caching
:func:`~os.stat` results. Path objects generated by
:meth:`~pathlib.Path.iterdir` are initialized with file type information
@@ -1856,7 +1905,7 @@ pathlib
pdb
---
-* Hardcoded breakpoints (:func:`breakpoint` and :func:`pdb.set_trace`) now
+* Hardcoded breakpoints (:func:`breakpoint` and :func:`~pdb.set_trace`) now
reuse the most recent :class:`~pdb.Pdb` instance that calls
:meth:`~pdb.Pdb.set_trace`, instead of creating a new one each time.
As a result, all the instance specific data like :pdbcmd:`display` and
@@ -1906,15 +1955,16 @@ pickle
* Set the default protocol version on the :mod:`pickle` module to 5.
For more details, see :ref:`pickle protocols <pickle-protocols>`.
-* Add notes for pickle serialization errors that allow to identify the source
- of the error.
+* Add exception notes for pickle serialization errors that allow
+ identifying the source of the error.
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`122213`.)
platform
--------
-* Add :func:`platform.invalidate_caches` to invalidate the cached results.
+* Add :func:`~platform.invalidate_caches`, a function to invalidate
+ cached results in the :mod:`!platform` module.
(Contributed by Bénédikt Tran in :gh:`122549`.)
@@ -1934,8 +1984,8 @@ re
unlike ``\Z``, which has subtly different behavior.
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`133306`.)
-* ``\B`` in :mod:`regular expression <re>` now matches the empty input string.
- Now it is always the opposite of ``\b``.
+* ``\B`` in :mod:`regular expression <re>` now matches the empty input string,
+ meaning that it is now always the opposite of ``\b``.
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`124130`.)
@@ -1965,11 +2015,12 @@ socket
* Add many new constants.
(Contributed by Serhiy Storchaka in :gh:`132734`.)
+
ssl
---
-* Indicate through :data:`ssl.HAS_PHA` whether the :mod:`ssl` module supports
- TLSv1.3 post-handshake client authentication (PHA).
+* Indicate through the :data:`~ssl.HAS_PHA` Boolean whether the :mod:`!ssl`
+ module supports TLSv1.3 post-handshake client authentication (PHA).
(Contributed by Will Childs-Klein in :gh:`128036`.)
@@ -1985,7 +2036,7 @@ struct
symtable
--------
-* Expose the following :class:`symtable.Symbol` methods:
+* Expose the following :class:`~symtable.Symbol` methods:
* :meth:`~symtable.Symbol.is_comp_cell`
* :meth:`~symtable.Symbol.is_comp_iter`
@@ -2000,28 +2051,41 @@ sys
* The previously undocumented special function :func:`sys.getobjects`,
which only exists in specialized builds of Python, may now return objects
from other interpreters than the one it's called in.
+ (Contributed by Eric Snow in :gh:`125286`.)
* Add :func:`sys._is_immortal` for determining if an object is
:term:`immortal`.
(Contributed by Peter Bierma in :gh:`128509`.)
-* On FreeBSD, :data:`sys.platform` doesn't contain the major version anymore.
+* On FreeBSD, :data:`sys.platform` no longer contains the major version number.
It is always ``'freebsd'``, instead of ``'freebsd13'`` or ``'freebsd14'``.
+ (Contributed by Michael Osipov in :gh:`129393`.)
* Raise :exc:`DeprecationWarning` for :func:`sys._clear_type_cache`. This
function was deprecated in Python 3.13 but it didn't raise a runtime warning.
+* Add :func:`sys.remote_exec` to implement the new external debugger interface.
+ See :ref:`PEP 768 <whatsnew314-pep768>` for details.
+ (Contributed by Pablo Galindo Salgado, Matt Wozniski, and Ivona Stojanovic
+ in :gh:`131591`.)
+
+* Add the :data:`sys._jit` namespace, containing utilities for introspecting
+ just-in-time compilation.
+ (Contributed by Brandt Bucher in :gh:`133231`.)
+
sys.monitoring
--------------
-* Two new events are added: :monitoring-event:`BRANCH_LEFT` and
- :monitoring-event:`BRANCH_RIGHT`. The ``BRANCH`` event is deprecated.
+* Add two new monitoring events, :monitoring-event:`BRANCH_LEFT` and
+ :monitoring-event:`BRANCH_RIGHT`.
+ These replace and deprecate the :monitoring-event:`!BRANCH` event.
+ (Contributed by Mark Shannon in :gh:`122548`.)
sysconfig
---------
-* Add ``ABIFLAGS`` key to :func:`sysconfig.get_config_vars` on Windows.
+* Add ``ABIFLAGS`` key to :func:`~sysconfig.get_config_vars` on Windows.
(Contributed by Xuehai Pan in :gh:`131799`.)
@@ -2031,15 +2095,18 @@ tarfile
* :func:`~tarfile.data_filter` now normalizes symbolic link targets in order to
avoid path traversal attacks.
(Contributed by Petr Viktorin in :gh:`127987` and :cve:`2025-4138`.)
+
* :func:`~tarfile.TarFile.extractall` now skips fixing up directory attributes
when a directory was removed or replaced by another kind of file.
(Contributed by Petr Viktorin in :gh:`127987` and :cve:`2024-12718`.)
+
* :func:`~tarfile.TarFile.extract` and :func:`~tarfile.TarFile.extractall`
now (re-)apply the extraction filter when substituting a link (hard or
symbolic) with a copy of another archive member, and when fixing up
directory attributes.
The former raises a new exception, :exc:`~tarfile.LinkFallbackError`.
(Contributed by Petr Viktorin for :cve:`2025-4330` and :cve:`2024-12718`.)
+
* :func:`~tarfile.TarFile.extract` and :func:`~tarfile.TarFile.extractall`
no longer extract rejected members when
:func:`~tarfile.TarFile.errorlevel` is zero.
@@ -2059,17 +2126,18 @@ tkinter
-------
* Make :mod:`tkinter` widget methods :meth:`!after` and :meth:`!after_idle`
- accept arguments passed by keyword.
+ accept keyword arguments.
(Contributed by Zhikang Yan in :gh:`126899`.)
-* Add ability to specify name for :class:`!tkinter.OptionMenu` and
+* Add ability to specify a name for :class:`!tkinter.OptionMenu` and
:class:`!tkinter.ttk.OptionMenu`.
(Contributed by Zhikang Yan in :gh:`130482`.)
+
turtle
------
-* Add context managers for :func:`turtle.fill`, :func:`turtle.poly`
+* Add context managers for :func:`turtle.fill`, :func:`turtle.poly`,
and :func:`turtle.no_animation`.
(Contributed by Marie Roald and Yngve Mardal Moe in :gh:`126350`.)
@@ -2087,44 +2155,59 @@ typing
.. _whatsnew314-typing-union:
-* :class:`types.UnionType` and :class:`typing.Union` are now aliases for each
other,
- meaning that both old-style unions (created with ``Union[int, str]``) and
new-style
- unions (``int | str``) now create instances of the same runtime type. This
unifies
- the behavior between the two syntaxes, but leads to some differences in
behavior that
+* The :class:`types.UnionType` and :class:`typing.Union` types are now
+ aliases for each other, meaning that both old-style unions
+ (created with ``Union[int, str]``) and new-style unions (``int | str``)
+ now create instances of the same runtime type. This unifies the behavior
+ between the two syntaxes, but leads to some differences in behavior that
may affect users who introspect types at runtime:
- - Both syntaxes for creating a union now produce the same string
representation in
- ``repr()``. For example, ``repr(Union[int, str])``
- is now ``"int | str"`` instead of ``"typing.Union[int, str]"``.
- - Unions created using the old syntax are no longer cached. Previously,
running
- ``Union[int, str]`` multiple times would return the same object
- (``Union[int, str] is Union[int, str]`` would be ``True``), but now it will
- return two different objects. Users should use ``==`` to compare unions
for equality, not
- ``is``. New-style unions have never been cached this way.
- This change could increase memory usage for some programs that use a large
number of
- unions created by subscripting ``typing.Union``. However, several factors
offset this cost:
- unions used in annotations are no longer evaluated by default in Python
3.14
- because of :pep:`649`; an instance of :class:`types.UnionType` is
- itself much smaller than the object returned by ``Union[]`` was on prior
Python
- versions; and removing the cache also saves some space. It is therefore
- unlikely that this change will cause a significant increase in memory
usage for most
- users.
+ - Both syntaxes for creating a union now produce the same string
+ representation in :func:`repr`.
+ For example, ``repr(Union[int, str])`` is now ``"int | str"`` instead of
+ ``"typing.Union[int, str]"``.
+
+ - Unions created using the old syntax are no longer cached.
+ Previously, running ``Union[int, str]`` multiple times would return
+ the same object (``Union[int, str] is Union[int, str]`` would be ``True``),
+ but now it will return two different objects.
+ Use ``==`` to compare unions for equality, not ``is``.
+ New-style unions have never been cached this way.
+ This change could increase memory usage for some programs that use
+ a large number of unions created by subscripting ``typing.Union``.
+ However, several factors offset this cost:
+ unions used in annotations are no longer evaluated by default in Python
+ 3.14 because of :pep:`649`; an instance of :class:`types.UnionType` is
+ itself much smaller than the object returned by ``Union[]`` was on prior
+ Python versions; and removing the cache also saves some space.
+ It is therefore unlikely that this change will cause a significant increase
+ in memory usage for most users.
+
- Previously, old-style unions were implemented using the private class
- ``typing._UnionGenericAlias``. This class is no longer needed for the
implementation,
- but it has been retained for backward compatibility, with removal
scheduled for Python
- 3.17. Users should use documented introspection helpers like
:func:`typing.get_origin`
- and :func:`typing.get_args` instead of relying on private implementation
details.
- - It is now possible to use :class:`typing.Union` itself in
:func:`isinstance` checks.
- For example, ``isinstance(int | str, typing.Union)`` will return ``True``;
previously
- this raised :exc:`TypeError`.
- - The ``__args__`` attribute of :class:`typing.Union` objects is no longer
writable.
- - It is no longer possible to set any attributes on :class:`typing.Union`
objects.
+ ``typing._UnionGenericAlias``.
+ This class is no longer needed for the implementation,
+ but it has been retained for backward compatibility,
+ with removal scheduled for Python 3.17.
+ Users should use documented introspection helpers like
+ :func:`~typing.get_origin` and :func:`typing.get_args` instead of
+ relying on private implementation details.
+
+ - It is now possible to use :class:`typing.Union` itself in
+ :func:`isinstance` checks.
+ For example, ``isinstance(int | str, typing.Union)`` will return ``True``;
+ previously this raised :exc:`TypeError`.
+
+ - The :attr:`!__args__` attribute of :class:`typing.Union` objects is
+ no longer writable.
+
+ - It is no longer possible to set any attributes on :class:`~typing.Union`
+ objects.
This only ever worked for dunder attributes on previous versions, was never
documented to work, and was subtly broken in many cases.
(Contributed by Jelle Zijlstra in :gh:`105499`.)
-* :class:`typing.TypeAliasType` now supports star unpacking.
+* :class:`~typing.TypeAliasType` now supports star unpacking.
unicodedata
@@ -2133,11 +2216,11 @@ unicodedata
* The Unicode database has been updated to Unicode 16.0.0.
-.. _whatsnew314-color-unittest:
-
unittest
--------
+.. _whatsnew314-color-unittest:
+
* :mod:`unittest` output is now colored by default.
This can be controlled by :ref:`environment variables
<using-on-controlling-color>`.
@@ -2175,7 +2258,7 @@ urllib
* Improve ergonomics and standards compliance when parsing and emitting
``file:`` URLs.
- In :func:`urllib.request.url2pathname`:
+ In :func:`~urllib.request.url2pathname`:
- Accept a complete URL when the new *require_scheme* argument is set to
true.
@@ -2186,7 +2269,7 @@ urllib
- Raise :exc:`~urllib.error.URLError` if a URL authority isn't local,
except on Windows where we return a UNC path as before.
- In :func:`urllib.request.pathname2url`:
+ In :func:`~urllib.request.pathname2url`:
- Return a complete URL when the new *add_scheme* argument is set to true.
- Include an empty URL authority when a path begins with a slash. For
@@ -2202,16 +2285,17 @@ urllib
uuid
----
-* Add support for UUID versions 6, 7, and 8 via :func:`uuid.uuid6`,
- :func:`uuid.uuid7`, and :func:`uuid.uuid8` respectively, as specified
+* Add support for UUID versions 6, 7, and 8 via :func:`~uuid.uuid6`,
+ :func:`~uuid.uuid7`, and :func:`~uuid.uuid8` respectively, as specified
in :rfc:`9562`.
(Contributed by Bénédikt Tran in :gh:`89083`.)
-* :const:`uuid.NIL` and :const:`uuid.MAX` are now available to represent the
+* :const:`~uuid.NIL` and :const:`~uuid.MAX` are now available to represent the
Nil and Max UUID formats as defined by :rfc:`9562`.
(Contributed by Nick Pope in :gh:`128427`.)
-* Allow to generate multiple UUIDs at once via :option:`python -m uuid --count
<uuid --count>`.
+* Allow generating multiple UUIDs simultaneously on the command-line via
+ :option:`python -m uuid --count <uuid --count>`.
(Contributed by Simon Legner in :gh:`131236`.)
@@ -2229,14 +2313,13 @@ webbrowser
zipfile
-------
-* Added :func:`ZipInfo._for_archive <zipfile.ZipInfo._for_archive>`
+* Added :meth:`ZipInfo._for_archive <zipfile.ZipInfo._for_archive>`, a method
to resolve suitable defaults for a :class:`~zipfile.ZipInfo` object
as used by :func:`ZipFile.writestr <zipfile.ZipFile.writestr>`.
(Contributed by Bénédikt Tran in :gh:`123424`.)
-* :meth:`zipfile.ZipFile.writestr` now respects ``SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH`` that
- distributions can set centrally and have build tools consume this in order
- to produce reproducible output.
+* :meth:`.ZipFile.writestr` now respects the :envvar:`SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH`
+ environment variable in order to better support reproducible builds.
(Contributed by Jiahao Li in :gh:`91279`.)
@@ -2256,17 +2339,18 @@ Optimizations
(Contributed by Adam Turner, Bénédikt Tran, Chris Markiewicz, Eli Schwartz,
Hugo van Kemenade, Jelle Zijlstra, and others in :gh:`118761`.)
-* The interpreter avoids some reference count modifications internally when
- it's safe to do so. This can lead to different values returned from
- :func:`sys.getrefcount` and :c:func:`Py_REFCNT` compared to previous versions
- of Python. See :ref:`below <whatsnew314-refcount>` for details.
+* The interpreter now avoids some reference count modifications internally
+ when it's safe to do so.
+ This can lead to different values being returned from :func:`sys.getrefcount`
+ and :c:func:`Py_REFCNT` compared to previous versions of Python.
+ See :ref:`below <whatsnew314-refcount>` for details.
asyncio
-------
-* Standard benchmark results have improved by 10-20%, following the
- implementation of a new per-thread double linked list
+* Standard benchmark results have improved by 10-20% following the
+ implementation of a new per-thread doubly linked list
for :class:`native tasks <asyncio.Task>`,
also reducing memory usage.
This enables external introspection tools such as
@@ -3267,6 +3351,16 @@ Changes in the Python API
with annotations should continue to work, some undocumented details may
behave
differently.
+* As part of making the :mod:`mimetypes` CLI public,
+ it now exits with ``1`` on failure instead of ``0``
+ and ``2`` on incorrect command-line parameters instead of ``1``.
+ Error messages are now printed to stderr.
+
+* The ``\B`` pattern in regular expression now matches the empty string
+ when given as the entire pattern, which may cause behavioural changes.
+
+* On FreeBSD, :data:`sys.platform` no longer contains the major version number.
+
Changes in the C API
--------------------
_______________________________________________
Python-checkins mailing list -- [email protected]
To unsubscribe send an email to [email protected]
https://mail.python.org/mailman3//lists/python-checkins.python.org
Member address: [email protected]
