Martin Gregorie wrote:
On Sat, 23 Aug 2008 00:06:28 -0400, John W Kennedy wrote:

Martin Gregorie wrote:
Not necessarily. An awful lot of CPU cycles were used before microcode
was introduced. Mainframes and minis designed before about 1970 didn't
use or need it
No, most S/360s used microcode.

I never used an S/360.

I thought microcode came into the IBM world with S/370 and Future Series (which later reappeared as the AS/400, which I did use). Didn't the S/370 load its microcode off an 8 inch floppy?

Some did, but not all. The 370/145 was the first, and made a big splash thereby.

As to the 360s:

 20  (Incompatible subset)      I don't know
 22  (Recycled end-of-life 30)  CROS
 25                             Loaded from punched cards
 30                             CROS
 40                             TROS
 44  (Subset)                   None
 50                             CROS
 60, 62, 65                     ROS
 64, 66, 67                     ROS
 70, 75                         None
 85                             I don't know
 91, 95                         I don't know -- probably none
 195                            I don't know

CROS used plastic-coated foil punched cards as the dielectrics of 960 capacitors each.

TROS used little transformer coils that might or might not be severed.

ROS means it was there, but I don't know the technology.
--
John W. Kennedy
"Those in the seat of power oft forget their failings and seek only the obeisance of others! Thus is bad government born! Hold in your heart that you and the people are one, human beings all, and good government shall arise of its own accord! Such is the path of virtue!"
  -- Kazuo Koike.  "Lone Wolf and Cub:  Thirteen Strings" (tr. Dana Lewis)
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