USING PYTHON 2:

Write a program to play this game. This may seem tricky, so break it down into 
parts. Like many programs, we have to use nested loops (one loop inside 
another). In the outermost loop, we want to keep playing until we are out of 
stones.

Inside that, we want to keep alternating players. You have the option of either 
writing two blocks of code, or keeping a variable that tracks the current 
player. The second way is slightly trickier since we haven't learned lists yet, 
but it's definitely do-able!

Finally, we might want to have an innermost loop that checks if the user's 
input is valid. Is it a number? Is it a valid number (e.g. between 1 and 5)? 
Are there enough stones in the pile to take off this many? If any of these 
answers are no, we should tell the user and re-ask them the question

So, the basic outline of the program should be something like this:

totalStones = 100

maxStones = 5

pile = TOTAL # all stones are in the pile to start

while [pile is not empty]:

while [player 1's answer is not valid]:

[ask player 1]

[execute player1’s move]

Do the same for player 2…. (this can be achieved by a for loop)

Note how the important numbers 100 and 5 are stored in a single variable at the 
top. This is good practice -- it allows you to easily change the constants of a 
program. For example, for testing, you may want to start with only 15 or 20 
stones.

Be careful with the validity checks. Specifically, we want to keep asking 
player 1 for their choice as long as their answer is not valid, BUT we want to 
make sure we ask them at least ONCE. So, for example, we will want to keep a 
variable which tracks whether their answer is valid, and set it to False 
initially.

Hint: the final number of stones can’t be negative. The game automatically 
stops when the number of stones reach zero.
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