Multiple warning messages and corresponding backtraces are observed when Linux guest is booted on the host with Fujitsu CPUs. One of them is shown as below.
[ 0.032443] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 0.032446] uart-pl011 9000000.pl011: ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN smaller than CTR_EL0.CWG (128 < 256) [ 0.032454] WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 1 at arch/arm64/mm/dma-mapping.c:54 arch_setup_dma_ops+0xbc/0xcc [ 0.032470] Modules linked in: [ 0.032475] CPU: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 5.14.0-452.el9.aarch64 #1 [ 0.032481] Hardware name: linux,dummy-virt (DT) [ 0.032484] pstate: 60400005 (nZCv daif +PAN -UAO -TCO -DIT -SSBS BTYPE=--) [ 0.032490] pc : arch_setup_dma_ops+0xbc/0xcc [ 0.032496] lr : arch_setup_dma_ops+0xbc/0xcc [ 0.032501] sp : ffff80008003b860 [ 0.032503] x29: ffff80008003b860 x28: 0000000000000000 x27: ffffaae4b949049c [ 0.032510] x26: 0000000000000000 x25: 0000000000000000 x24: 0000000000000000 [ 0.032517] x23: 0000000000000100 x22: 0000000000000000 x21: 0000000000000000 [ 0.032523] x20: 0000000100000000 x19: ffff2f06c02ea400 x18: ffffffffffffffff [ 0.032529] x17: 00000000208a5f76 x16: 000000006589dbcb x15: ffffaae4ba071c89 [ 0.032535] x14: 0000000000000000 x13: ffffaae4ba071c84 x12: 455f525443206e61 [ 0.032541] x11: 68742072656c6c61 x10: 0000000000000029 x9 : ffffaae4b7d21da4 [ 0.032547] x8 : 0000000000000029 x7 : 4c414e494d5f414d x6 : 0000000000000029 [ 0.032553] x5 : 000000000000000f x4 : ffffaae4b9617a00 x3 : 0000000000000001 [ 0.032558] x2 : 0000000000000000 x1 : 0000000000000000 x0 : ffff2f06c029be40 [ 0.032564] Call trace: [ 0.032566] arch_setup_dma_ops+0xbc/0xcc [ 0.032572] of_dma_configure_id+0x138/0x300 [ 0.032591] amba_dma_configure+0x34/0xc0 [ 0.032600] really_probe+0x78/0x3dc [ 0.032614] __driver_probe_device+0x108/0x160 [ 0.032619] driver_probe_device+0x44/0x114 [ 0.032624] __device_attach_driver+0xb8/0x14c [ 0.032629] bus_for_each_drv+0x88/0xe4 [ 0.032634] __device_attach+0xb0/0x1e0 [ 0.032638] device_initial_probe+0x18/0x20 [ 0.032643] bus_probe_device+0xa8/0xb0 [ 0.032648] device_add+0x4b4/0x6c0 [ 0.032652] amba_device_try_add.part.0+0x48/0x360 [ 0.032657] amba_device_add+0x104/0x144 [ 0.032662] of_amba_device_create.isra.0+0x100/0x1c4 [ 0.032666] of_platform_bus_create+0x294/0x35c [ 0.032669] of_platform_populate+0x5c/0x150 [ 0.032672] of_platform_default_populate_init+0xd0/0xec [ 0.032697] do_one_initcall+0x4c/0x2e0 [ 0.032701] do_initcalls+0x100/0x13c [ 0.032707] kernel_init_freeable+0x1c8/0x21c [ 0.032712] kernel_init+0x28/0x140 [ 0.032731] ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20 [ 0.032735] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- In Linux, a check is applied to every device which is exposed through device-tree node. The warning message is raised when the device isn't DMA coherent and the cache line size is larger than ARCH_DMA_MINALIGN (128 bytes). The cache line is sorted from CTR_EL0[CWG], which corresponds to 256 bytes on the guest CPUs. The DMA coherent capability is claimed through 'dma-coherent' in their device-tree nodes. I don't see those devices need to be DMA incoherent necessarily and those devices will do DMA operations in practice. So lets add 'dma-coherent' property to their device-tree nodes to avoid the unexpected warnings in the Linux guest. Signed-off-by: Zhenyu Zhang <zheny...@redhat.com> --- hw/arm/boot.c | 1 + hw/arm/virt.c | 4 ++++ hw/core/sysbus-fdt.c | 1 + 3 files changed, 6 insertions(+) diff --git a/hw/arm/boot.c b/hw/arm/boot.c index d480a7da02..cdf99966e6 100644 --- a/hw/arm/boot.c +++ b/hw/arm/boot.c @@ -509,6 +509,7 @@ static void fdt_add_psci_node(void *fdt) qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/psci", "cpu_off", cpu_off_fn); qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/psci", "cpu_on", cpu_on_fn); qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(fdt, "/psci", "migrate", migrate_fn); + qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, "/psci", "dma-coherent", NULL, 0); } int arm_load_dtb(hwaddr addr, const struct arm_boot_info *binfo, diff --git a/hw/arm/virt.c b/hw/arm/virt.c index 3c93c0c0a6..d3e5f512e2 100644 --- a/hw/arm/virt.c +++ b/hw/arm/virt.c @@ -652,6 +652,7 @@ static void fdt_add_pmu_nodes(const VirtMachineState *vms) qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(ms->fdt, "/pmu", "interrupts", GIC_FDT_IRQ_TYPE_PPI, INTID_TO_PPI(VIRTUAL_PMU_IRQ), irqflags); + qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, "/pmu", "dma-coherent", NULL, 0); } } @@ -936,6 +937,7 @@ static void create_uart(const VirtMachineState *vms, int uart, vms->clock_phandle, vms->clock_phandle); qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, nodename, "clock-names", clocknames, sizeof(clocknames)); + qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, nodename, "dma-coherent", NULL, 0); if (uart == VIRT_UART) { qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, "/chosen", "stdout-path", nodename); @@ -972,6 +974,7 @@ static void create_rtc(const VirtMachineState *vms) GIC_FDT_IRQ_FLAGS_LEVEL_HI); qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, nodename, "clocks", vms->clock_phandle); qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename, "clock-names", "apb_pclk"); + qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, nodename, "dma-coherent", NULL, 0); g_free(nodename); } @@ -1077,6 +1080,7 @@ static void create_gpio_devices(const VirtMachineState *vms, int gpio, qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, nodename, "clocks", vms->clock_phandle); qemu_fdt_setprop_string(ms->fdt, nodename, "clock-names", "apb_pclk"); qemu_fdt_setprop_cell(ms->fdt, nodename, "phandle", phandle); + qemu_fdt_setprop(ms->fdt, nodename, "dma-coherent", NULL, 0); if (gpio != VIRT_GPIO) { /* Mark as not usable by the normal world */ diff --git a/hw/core/sysbus-fdt.c b/hw/core/sysbus-fdt.c index eebcd28f9a..da47071a95 100644 --- a/hw/core/sysbus-fdt.c +++ b/hw/core/sysbus-fdt.c @@ -554,6 +554,7 @@ void platform_bus_add_all_fdt_nodes(void *fdt, const char *intc, hwaddr addr, qemu_fdt_setprop_cells(fdt, node, "ranges", 0, addr >> 32, addr, bus_size); qemu_fdt_setprop_phandle(fdt, node, "interrupt-parent", intc); + qemu_fdt_setprop(fdt, node, "dma-coherent", NULL, 0); dev = qdev_find_recursive(sysbus_get_default(), TYPE_PLATFORM_BUS_DEVICE); pbus = PLATFORM_BUS_DEVICE(dev); -- 2.43.0