On 2025/10/14 10:31, Duan, Zhenzhong wrote:
-----Original Message-----
From: Liu, Yi L <[email protected]>
Subject: Re: [PATCH 4/5] intel_iommu: Optimize unmap_bitmap during
migration
On 2025/10/13 10:50, Duan, Zhenzhong wrote:
-----Original Message-----
From: Liu, Yi L <[email protected]>
Subject: Re: [PATCH 4/5] intel_iommu: Optimize unmap_bitmap during
migration
On 2025/9/10 10:37, Zhenzhong Duan wrote:
If a VFIO device in guest switches from IOMMU domain to block domain,
vtd_address_space_unmap() is called to unmap whole address space.
If that happens during migration, migration fails with legacy VFIO
backend as below:
Status: failed (vfio_container_dma_unmap(0x561bbbd92d90,
0x100000000000, 0x100000000000) = -7 (Argument list too long))
this should be a giant and busy VM. right? Is a fix tag needed by the way?
VM size is unrelated, it's not a bug, just current code doesn't work well with
migration.
When device switches from IOMMU domain to block domain, the whole
iommu
memory region is disabled, this trigger the unmap on the whole iommu
memory
region,
I got this part.
no matter how many or how large the mappings are in the iommu MR.
hmmm. A more explicit question: does this error happen with 4G VM memory
as well?
Coincidently, I remember QAT team reported this issue just with 4G VM memory.
ok. this might happen with legacy vIOMMU as guest triggers map/unmap.
It can be a large range. But it's still not clear to me how can guest
map a range more than 4G if VM only has 4G memory.
Because legacy VFIO limits maximum bitmap size to 256MB which maps
to
8TB on
4K page system, when 16TB sized UNMAP notification is sent,
unmap_bitmap
ioctl fails.
There is no such limitation with iommufd backend, but it's still not optimal
to allocate large bitmap.
Optimize it by iterating over DMAMap list to unmap each range with
active
mapping when migration is active. If migration is not active, unmapping
the
whole address space in one go is optimal.
Signed-off-by: Zhenzhong Duan <[email protected]>
Tested-by: Giovannio Cabiddu <[email protected]>
---
hw/i386/intel_iommu.c | 42
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
1 file changed, 42 insertions(+)
diff --git a/hw/i386/intel_iommu.c b/hw/i386/intel_iommu.c
index 83c5e44413..6876dae727 100644
--- a/hw/i386/intel_iommu.c
+++ b/hw/i386/intel_iommu.c
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@
#include "system/system.h"
#include "hw/i386/apic_internal.h"
#include "kvm/kvm_i386.h"
+#include "migration/misc.h"
#include "migration/vmstate.h"
#include "trace.h"
@@ -4423,6 +4424,42 @@ static void
vtd_dev_unset_iommu_device(PCIBus *bus, void *opaque, int devfn)
vtd_iommu_unlock(s);
}
+/*
+ * Unmapping a large range in one go is not optimal during migration
because
+ * a large dirty bitmap needs to be allocated while there may be only
small
+ * mappings, iterate over DMAMap list to unmap each range with active
mapping.
+ */
+static void vtd_address_space_unmap_in_migration(VTDAddressSpace
*as,
+
IOMMUNotifier *n)
+{
+ const DMAMap *map;
+ const DMAMap target = {
+ .iova = n->start,
+ .size = n->end,
+ };
+ IOVATree *tree = as->iova_tree;
+
+ /*
+ * DMAMap is created during IOMMU page table sync, it's either
4KB
or huge
+ * page size and always a power of 2 in size. So the range of
DMAMap could
+ * be used for UNMAP notification directly.
+ */
+ while ((map = iova_tree_find(tree, &target))) {
how about an empty iova_tree? If guest has not mapped anything for the
device, the tree is empty. And it is fine to not unmap anyting. While,
if the device is attached to an identify domain, the iova_tree is empty
as well. Are we sure that we need not to unmap anything here? It looks
the answer is yes. But I'm suspecting the unmap failure will happen in
the vfio side? If yes, need to consider a complete fix. :)
Not get what failure will happen, could you elaborate?
In case of identity domain, IOMMU memory region is disabled, no iommu
notifier will ever be triggered. vfio_listener monitors memory address
space,
if any memory region is disabled, vfio_listener will catch it and do dirty
tracking.
My question comes from the reason why DMA unmap fails. It is due to
a big range is given to kernel while kernel does not support. So if
VFIO gives a big range as well, it should fail as well. And this is
possible when guest (a VM with large size memory) switches from identify
domain to a paging domain. In this case, vfio_listener will unmap all
the system MRs. And it can be a big range if VM size is big enough.
Got you point. Yes, currently vfio_type1 driver limits unmap_bitmap to 8TB size.
If guest memory is large enough and lead to a memory region of more than 8TB
size,
unmap_bitmap will fail. It's a rare case to live migrate VM with more than 8TB
memory,
instead of fixing it in qemu with complex change, I'd suggest to bump below
MACRO
value to enlarge the limit in kernel, or switch to use iommufd which doesn't
have such limit.
This limit shall not affect the usage of device dirty tracking. right?
If yes, add something to tell user use iommufd backend is better. e.g
if memory size is bigger than the limit of vfio iommu type1's dirty
bitmap limit (query cap_mig.max_dirty_bitmap_size), then fail user if
user wants migration capability.
/*
* Input argument of number of bits to bitmap_set() is unsigned integer, which
* further casts to signed integer for unaligned multi-bit operation,
* __bitmap_set().
* Then maximum bitmap size supported is 2^31 bits divided by 2^3 bits/byte,
* that is 2^28 (256 MB) which maps to 2^31 * 2^12 = 2^43 (8TB) on 4K page
* system.
*/
#define DIRTY_BITMAP_PAGES_MAX ((u64)INT_MAX)
#define DIRTY_BITMAP_SIZE_MAX DIRTY_BITMAP_BYTES(DIRTY_BITMAP_PAGES_MAX)
+ IOMMUTLBEvent event;
+
+ event.type = IOMMU_NOTIFIER_UNMAP;
+ event.entry.iova = map->iova;
+ event.entry.addr_mask = map->size;
+ event.entry.target_as = &address_space_memory;
+ event.entry.perm = IOMMU_NONE;
+ /* This field is meaningless for unmap */
+ event.entry.translated_addr = 0;
+ memory_region_notify_iommu_one(n, &event);
+
+ iova_tree_remove(tree, *map);
+ }
+}
+
/* Unmap the whole range in the notifier's scope. */
static void vtd_address_space_unmap(VTDAddressSpace *as,
IOMMUNotifier *n)
{
@@ -4432,6 +4469,11 @@ static void
vtd_address_space_unmap(VTDAddressSpace *as, IOMMUNotifier *n)
IntelIOMMUState *s = as->iommu_state;
DMAMap map;
+ if (migration_is_running()) {
If the range is not big enough, it is still better to unmap in one-go.
right? If so, might add a check on the range here to go to the iova_tee
iteration conditionally.
We don't want to ditry track IOVA holes between IOVA ranges because it's
time consuming and useless work. The hole may be large depending on guest
behavior.
Meanwhile the time iterating on iova_tree is trivial. So we prefer tracking
the exact iova ranges that may be dirty actually.
I see. So this is the optimization. And it also WA the above DMA
unmap issue as well. right? If so, you may want to call out in the
commit message.
Yes, the main purpose of this patch is to fix the unmap_bitmap issue, then the
optimization.
I'll rephrase the description and subject.
yes. The commit message gives me the impression this is bug fix. While
subject is optimization. BTW. perhaps call it as an optimization is
clearer since this smells more like an optimization. For fix, I guess
you may need to consider the vfio_listener as well.
Regards,
Yi Liu
