On 8/26/26 17:24, Markus Armbruster wrote:
> "Denis V. Lunev" <[email protected]> writes:
>
>> On 8/25/26 11:37, Markus Armbruster wrote:
>>> "Denis V. Lunev" <[email protected]> writes:
>>>
>>>> From: Denis V. Lunev <[email protected]>
>>>>
>>>> A dirty image must be repaired before anything allocates a cluster in
>>>> it. qcow2_do_open() does that, but only for a node that is writable
>>>> from the start. A node opened read-only skips it, and nothing revisits
>>>> the question once that node becomes writable, which block-commit does
>>>> routinely: commit_active_start() and commit_start() reopen the base
>>>> read-write for the duration of the job.
>>>>
>>>> With lazy refcounts the on-disk refcount block then still accounts for
>>>> the metadata clusters only, so the allocator restarts at the front of
>>>> the image and hands out clusters that L2 entries point at. Two guest
>>>> offsets end up sharing one host cluster. Nothing fails, the corrupt bit
>>>> stays clear, and a clean close clears the dirty bit, so no later open
>>>> repairs the image either. The bit also stays set for the whole writable
>>>> session, so a node which is merely writable says nothing.
>>>>
>>>> Refusing the reopen instead is simpler and keeps it atomic, but it
>>>> leaves nowhere to go: the base belongs to a chain the VM has open, so
>>>> the qemu-img check -r such an error would ask for cannot take the write
>>>> lock it needs. The repair does the trick in most cases anyway.
>>>>
>>>> Do the repair in qcow2_reopen_commit_post(), the earliest point where
>>>> the node is writable. An inactive node is skipped: bdrv_activate() calls
>>>> qcow2_do_open() again through qcow2_co_invalidate_cache().
>>>>
>>>> commit_post cannot reject the reopen, so a failed repair takes the
>>>> driver away from the node instead, which is what stops writes from
>>>> aliasing live clusters. qcow2_signal_corruption() does that as well,
>>>> but it also sends BLOCK_IMAGE_CORRUPTED and sets the corrupt bit,
>>>> which qcow2_do_open() honours by refusing every later read-write open.
>>>> The image is dirty and unrepaired, not corrupt, and qemu-img check -r
>>>> still fixes it, so neither belongs here. Return the error and skip
>>>> the bitmaps.
>>>>
>>>> Signed-off-by: Denis V. Lunev <[email protected]>
>>>> Reviewed-by: Andrey Drobyshev <[email protected]>
>>>> CC: Kevin Wolf <[email protected]>
>>>> CC: Hanna Reitz <[email protected]>
>>>> CC: Eric Blake <[email protected]>
>>>> CC: Markus Armbruster <[email protected]>
>>>> CC: Andrey Drobyshev <[email protected]>
>>>> Cc: [email protected]
>>> [...]
>>>
>>>> diff --git a/qapi/block-core.json b/qapi/block-core.json
>>>> index 199efc1e00..940249a5e5 100644
>>>> --- a/qapi/block-core.json
>>>> +++ b/qapi/block-core.json
>>>> @@ -1852,6 +1852,9 @@
>>>   ##
>>>   # @change-backing-file:
>>>   #
>>>   # Change the backing file in the image file metadata.  This does not
>>>   # cause QEMU to reopen the image file to reparse the backing filename
>>>   # (it may, however, perform a reopen to change permissions from r/o ->
>>>>  # r/w -> r/o, if needed).  The new backing file string is written into
>>>>  # the image file metadata, and the QEMU internal strings are updated.
>>>>  #
>>>> +# A dirty qcow2 image is repaired during that reopen, which blocks
>>>> +# other requests and can fail the command.
>>> Pardon my ignorance: what makes a qcow2 image dirty?
>> usual obvious reasons are SIGKILL to qemu process (f.e. from OOM)
>> or node crash.
> So, you have to do some cleaning work before you can use it again, just
> like a dirty filesystem.  Correct?
Correct. QEMU allows right now to open dirty images in read-only
mode and it is OK to be used until we switch to RW. In this
case real write to metadata corrupts image.

> Back to change-backing-file.  It operates on an open image.  Cleaning
> happens when that image is read-only and dirty.  Possible because you
> can open dirty images read-only, and that doesn't clean them.  Correct?

Correct.

>>> Can you give me an idea of what other requests could be blocked?
>> Before the patch reopen was smooth - we have just opened the
>> file again. After this patch in a very unlikely corner case
>> potentially lengthy procedure has been added - full image
>> consistency check. Guest IO is stuck until the check will be
>> completed.
>>
>> The case is unfortunately real for production.
>>
>>> Double-checking: "that reopen" is the one to change permissions,
>>> i.e. the parenthesis above.  Correct?
>> yes
>>
>>>> +#
>>>>  # @image-node-name: The name of the block driver state node of the
>>>>  #     image to modify.  The "device" argument is used to verify
>>>>  #     "image-node-name" is in the chain described by "device".
>>>> @@ -1891,6 +1894,9 @@
>>>   ##
>>>   # @block-commit:
>>>   #
>>>   # Live commit of data from overlay image nodes into backing nodes -
>>>   # i.e., writes data between 'top' and 'base' into 'base'.
>>>   #
>>>   # If top == base, that is an error.  If top has no overlays on top of
>>>   # it, or if it is in use by a writer, the job will not be completed by
>>>   # itself.  The user needs to complete the job with the `job-complete`
>>>   # command after getting the ready event.  (Since 2.0)
>>>   #
>>>   # If the base image is smaller than top, then the base image will be
>>>   # resized to be the same size as top.  If top is smaller than the base
>>>   # image, the base will not be truncated.  If you want the base image
>>>>  # size to match the size of the smaller top, you can safely truncate
>>>>  # it yourself once the commit operation successfully completes.
>>>>  #
>>>> +# The base is opened read-write.  A dirty qcow2 base is repaired
> Reopend, I presume?
The meaning here is repaired. The meaning here is the following:
"The base is reopened read-write and if it is dirty it should be
repaired before any single write is made. Guest stalls until
repair is complete."

>>>> +# first, which blocks other requests and can fail the command.
>>>> +#
>>>>  # @job-id: identifier for the newly-created block job.  If omitted,
>>>>  #     the device name will be used.  (Since 2.7)
>>>>  #
> Like change-backing-file, block-commit operates on open images.  It
> copies down into a base image.  If the base image is read-only, it is
> reopened, and cleaning happens when it's dirty.  Correct?
Correct.

> Can it happen in any other way?
No at the best knowledge from me and Andrey.

>>>> @@ -2902,6 +2908,9 @@
>>>   ##
>>>   # @block-stream:
>>>   #
>>>   # Copy data from a backing file into a block device.
>>>
>>> [...]
> Whereas block-commit copies down into a base image, block-stream copies
> up from a base image.  If the image copied to is read-only, it is
> reopened, and cleaning happens when it's dirty.  Correct?
Correct.

> Can it happen in any other way?
No at the best knowledge from me and Andrey.

>>>>  # On successful completion the image file is updated to drop the
>>>>  # backing file and the `BLOCK_JOB_COMPLETED` event is emitted.
>>>>  #
>>>> +# The top image is opened read-write.  A dirty qcow2 image is repaired
>>>> +# first, which blocks other requests and can fail the command.
>>>> +#
>>>>  # In case @device is a filter node, `block-stream` modifies the first
>>>>  # non-filter overlay node below it to point to the new backing node
>>>>  # instead of modifying @device itself.
>>>> @@ -4989,6 +4998,16 @@
>>>   ##
>>>   # @blockdev-reopen:
>>>   #
>>>   # Reopens one or more block devices using the given set of options.
>>>   # Any option not specified will be reset to its default value
>>>   # regardless of its previous status.  If an option cannot be changed
>>>   # or a particular driver does not support reopening then the command
>>>   # will return an error.  All devices in the list are reopened in one
>>>>  # transaction, so if one of them fails then the whole transaction is
>>>>  # cancelled.
> blockdev-reopen also operates on open images.  Cleaning happens when
> reopening a dirty read-only image read/write.  Correct?
Correct.

> Can it happen in any other way?
No.
 
>>>>  #
>>>> +# An error is also returned when a device cannot be used once it has
>>>> +# been reopened.  Such a reopen is not undone, so an error does not
>>>> +# always mean that nothing has changed.
>>> Could that be a problem?
>> Error reply as itself is not a problem. The situation as a whole
>> is a real pain in the ass.
>>
>> The problem is that such images exists in production and there
>> is not way to handle this without downtime.
>>
>> Under this patch we are trying to fix things hard and this is
>> correct thing to do - on RW image we are doing exactly the
>> same thing. If automation is unable to fix - the guest denies
>> starting.
>>
>> Here we report an error and render guest as unusable. This
>> case is expected to be extremely rare but technically possible.
>>
>> This is a problem.
> I'll come back to this as soon as I understand when exactly cleaning may
> happen.
Right. Thanks.

You are asking very good questions which are quite important
and interesting :-) Simple "deny" policy is very bad from
operations point of view.

>>>> +#                                        A node the driver gave up on
>>>> +# serves nothing at all: it keeps its image open, makes
>>>> +# `query-named-block-nodes` fail for as long as it is in the graph,
>>>> +# and `blockdev-del` removes it only once nothing refers to it.
>>>> +#
>>>> +# Reopening a dirty qcow2 image read-write repairs it first, which
>>>> +# blocks other requests and can fail the command.
>>>> +#
>>>>  # The command receives a list of block devices to reopen.  For each
>>>>  # one of them, the top-level @node-name option (from
>>>>  # `BlockdevOptions`) must be specified and is used to select the block
>>> These documentation updates suggest the patch affects commands
>>> change-backing-file, block-commit, block-stream, and blockdev-reopen.
>>> Is that correct?
>>>
>>> Would it make sense to list them in the commit message?
>> That is simple thing. Will add :-)
>>
>> Thank you,
>>     Den
> Thanks!
>
Thanks!

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