the following PATCH v5 has:

1.       make sure the version of VHD is bigger than 1.2, to be compatible
with VHD from vhd-utils,

because of tdbatmap.

2.       Add support of w2ru.

3.       Dont not support  backing file chain, because need to add a more
bdvr_pread, bad to weakly performance

On Tue, Sep 23, 2014 at 10:25 PM, Xiaodong Gong <gordongong0...@gmail.com>
wrote:

> This structure is not documented in the official VHD specs, nor is the
> 'tdbatmap'
> cookie used in differencing VHDs created by Windows Server 2012. Isn't
> Hyper-V
> compatibility desired?
>
> Yepp, this structure of tdbatmap is a extra feature from vhd-util from
> Xen, here we
> could make sure the version of VHD is bigger than 1.2, I'll add it in v5.
>
> Aren't those checks required no matter what platform specific locator is
> used?
>
> Why not? IMO, w2ru (relative paths) support MUST be added before merging
> this
> feature.
>
> I think the licence of win2008 or others is a problem to me. It is hard to
> test it in
> my environment. May be a co-author of this patch is needed, do you ?
>
> What if we have a chain of differencing VHD images and the immediate parent
> does not have the required sector either, which may be at an upper level?
> Shouldn't this method be called recursively in this case?
>
> It is exactly, the vpc_open and vpc_read all should support the chain of
> snapshot.
> But the missing of cache to bat table and bitmap, performance of snapshot
> is alread
> really hard to accept. So the support to a chain is better to have after
> we have cache,
> I think.
>
> On Mon, Sep 22, 2014 at 6:26 PM, Lucian Petrut <petrutlucia...@gmail.com>
> wrote:
>
>> From: =?ISO-8859-1?B?MjFH?= <gordongong0...@gmail.com>
>>
>> Now qemu only supports vhd type VHD_FIXED and VHD_DYNAMIC,
>> so qemu can't read snapshot volume of vhd, and can't support
>> other storage features of vhd file.
>>
>> This patch add read parent information in function "vpc_open",
>> read bitmap in "vpc_read", and change bitmap in "vpc_write".
>>
>> Signed-off-by: Xiaodong Gong <gordongong0...@gmail.com>
>> ---
>> > Now qemu only supports vhd type VHD_FIXED and VHD_DYNAMIC,
>> > so qemu can't read snapshot volume of vhd, and can't support
>> > other storage features of vhd file.
>> >
>> > This patch add read parent information in function "vpc_open",
>> > read bitmap in "vpc_read", and change bitmap in "vpc_write".
>> >
>> > Signed-off-by: Xiaodong Gong <pri...@gmail.com>
>>
>> > ---
>> >  block/vpc.c               | 355
>> ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------
>> >  include/block/block_int.h |   6 +-
>> >  2 files changed, 288 insertions(+), 73 deletions(-)
>> >
>> > diff --git a/block/vpc.c b/block/vpc.c
>> > index c024b4c..2ff2bba 100644
>> > --- a/block/vpc.c
>> > +++ b/block/vpc.c
>> > @@ -33,13 +33,18 @@
>> >  /**************************************************************/
>> >
>> >  #define HEADER_SIZE 512
>> > +#define DYNAMIC_HEADER_SIZE 1024
>> > +#define PARENT_LOCATOR_NUM 8
>> > +#define PARENT_PREFIX_LEN 7 /* such as file:// */
>> > +#define TBBATMAP_HEAD_SIZE 28
>> > +#define PLATFORM_MACX 0x5863614d /* big endian */
>> >
>> >  //#define CACHE
>> >
>> >  enum vhd_type {
>> >      VHD_FIXED           = 2,
>> >      VHD_DYNAMIC         = 3,
>> > -    VHD_DIFFERENCING    = 4,
>> > +    VHD_DIFF            = 4,
>> >  };
>> >
>> >  // Seconds since Jan 1, 2000 0:00:00 (UTC)
>> > @@ -138,6 +143,15 @@ typedef struct BDRVVPCState {
>> >      Error *migration_blocker;
>> >  } BDRVVPCState;
>> >
>> > +typedef struct vhd_tdbatmap_header {
>> > +    char magic[8]; /* always "tdbatmap" */
>> > +
>> > +    uint64_t batmap_offset;
>> > +    uint32_t batmap_size;
>> > +    uint32_t batmap_version;
>> > +    uint32_t checksum;
>> > +} QEMU_PACKED VHDTdBatmapHeader;
>> > +
>>
>> This structure is not documented in the official VHD specs, nor is the
>> 'tdbatmap'
>> cookie used in differencing VHDs created by Windows Server 2012. Isn't
>> Hyper-V
>> compatibility desired?
>>
>> >  static uint32_t vpc_checksum(uint8_t* buf, size_t size)
>> >  {
>> >      uint32_t res = 0;
>> > @@ -153,7 +167,7 @@ static uint32_t vpc_checksum(uint8_t* buf, size_t
>> size)
>> >  static int vpc_probe(const uint8_t *buf, int buf_size, const char
>> *filename)
>> >  {
>> >      if (buf_size >= 8 && !strncmp((char *)buf, "conectix", 8))
>> > -   return 100;
>> > +        return 100;
>> >      return 0;
>> >  }
>> >
>> > @@ -164,11 +178,17 @@ static int vpc_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict
>> *options, int flags,
>> >      int i;
>> >      VHDFooter *footer;
>> >      VHDDynDiskHeader *dyndisk_header;
>> > -    uint8_t buf[HEADER_SIZE];
>> > +    uint8_t buf[DYNAMIC_HEADER_SIZE];
>> > +    uint8_t tdbatmap_header_buf[TBBATMAP_HEAD_SIZE];
>> >      uint32_t checksum;
>> >      uint64_t computed_size;
>> > -    int disk_type = VHD_DYNAMIC;
>> > +    uint32_t disk_type;
>> >      int ret;
>> > +    VHDTdBatmapHeader *tdbatmap_header;
>> > +    int parent_locator_offset = 0;
>> > +    int64_t data_offset = 0;
>> > +    int data_length = 0;
>> > +    uint32_t platform;
>> >
>> >      ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, 0, s->footer_buf, HEADER_SIZE);
>> >      if (ret < 0) {
>> > @@ -176,6 +196,8 @@ static int vpc_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict
>> *options, int flags,
>> >      }
>> >
>> >      footer = (VHDFooter *) s->footer_buf;
>> > +    disk_type = be32_to_cpu(footer->type);
>> > +
>> >      if (strncmp(footer->creator, "conectix", 8)) {
>> >          int64_t offset = bdrv_getlength(bs->file);
>> >          if (offset < 0) {
>> > @@ -230,9 +252,9 @@ static int vpc_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict
>> *options, int flags,
>> >          goto fail;
>> >      }
>> >
>> > -    if (disk_type == VHD_DYNAMIC) {
>> > +    if (disk_type == VHD_DYNAMIC || disk_type == VHD_DIFF) {
>> >          ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, be64_to_cpu(footer->data_offset),
>> buf,
>> > -                         HEADER_SIZE);
>> > +                         DYNAMIC_HEADER_SIZE);
>> >          if (ret < 0) {
>> >              goto fail;
>> >          }
>> > @@ -286,6 +308,63 @@ static int vpc_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict
>> *options, int flags,
>> >          s->free_data_block_offset =
>> >              (s->bat_offset + (s->max_table_entries * 4) + 511) & ~511;
>> >
>> > +        /* Read tdbatmap header by offset */
>> > +        ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, s->free_data_block_offset,
>> > +            tdbatmap_header_buf, TBBATMAP_HEAD_SIZE);
>> > +        if (ret < 0) {
>> > +            goto fail;
>> > +        }
>> > +
>> > +        tdbatmap_header = (VHDTdBatmapHeader *) tdbatmap_header_buf;
>> > +        if (!strncmp(tdbatmap_header->magic, "tdbatmap", 8)) {
>> > +            s->free_data_block_offset =
>> > +                be32_to_cpu(tdbatmap_header->batmap_size) * 512
>> > +                + be64_to_cpu(tdbatmap_header->batmap_offset);
>> > +        }
>> > +
>> > +        /* Read backing file location from dyn header table */
>> > +        if (dyndisk_header->parent_name[0] ||
>> dyndisk_header->parent_name[1]) {
>> > +            for (i = 0; i < PARENT_LOCATOR_NUM; i++) {
>> > +                data_offset =
>> > +
>> be64_to_cpu(dyndisk_header->parent_locator[i].data_offset);
>> > +                data_length =
>> > +
>> be32_to_cpu(dyndisk_header->parent_locator[i].data_length);
>> > +                platform = dyndisk_header->parent_locator[i].platform;
>> > +
>> > +                if (platform == PLATFORM_MACX) {
>>
>> Aren't those checks required no matter what platform specific locator is
>> used?
>>
>> > +                    if (data_offset + PARENT_PREFIX_LEN >
>> > +                        s->max_table_entries * s->block_size) {
>> > +                        goto fail;
>> > +                    }
>> > +                    if (data_length - PARENT_PREFIX_LEN >
>> PARENT_MAX_LOCATOR) {
>> > +                        goto fail;
>> > +                    }
>> > +                    ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, data_offset +
>> PARENT_PREFIX_LEN,
>> > +                        bs->backing_file, data_length -
>> PARENT_PREFIX_LEN);
>> > +                    if (ret < 0) {
>> > +                        goto fail;
>> > +                    }
>> > +
>> > +                    bs->backing_file[data_length - PARENT_PREFIX_LEN]
>> = '\0';
>> > +                }
>> > +
>> > +                if (data_offset > parent_locator_offset) {
>> > +                    parent_locator_offset = data_offset;
>> > +                }
>> > +            }
>> > +
>> > +            if (strlen(bs->backing_file) == 0) {
>> > +                error_setg(errp, "block-vpc: differencing is not
>> support in"
>> > +                                 "w2ru or w2ku");
>>
>> Why not? IMO, w2ru (relative paths) support MUST be added before merging
>> this
>> feature.
>>
>> > +                ret = -EINVAL;
>> > +                goto fail;
>> > +            }
>> > +        }
>> > +
>> > +        if (parent_locator_offset + 512 > s->free_data_block_offset) {
>> > +            s->free_data_block_offset = parent_locator_offset + 512;
>> > +        }
>> > +
>> >          for (i = 0; i < s->max_table_entries; i++) {
>> >              be32_to_cpus(&s->pagetable[i]);
>> >              if (s->pagetable[i] != 0xFFFFFFFF) {
>> > @@ -340,35 +419,76 @@ static int vpc_reopen_prepare(BDRVReopenState
>> *state,
>> >  }
>> >
>> >  /*
>> > - * Returns the absolute byte offset of the given sector in the image
>> file.
>> > - * If the sector is not allocated, -1 is returned instead.
>> > + * Returns the absolute byte offset of the given sector in the
>> differencing
>> > + * image file.
>> >   *
>> > - * The parameter write must be 1 if the offset will be used for a write
>> > - * operation (the block bitmaps is updated then), 0 otherwise.
>> > + * If error happened, -1 is returned.
>> > + *
>> > + * When write all type or read dynamic, if the sector is not
>> allocated, -2
>> > + * is returned instead. If the sector is allocated in current file,
>> the block
>> > + * offset is returned.
>> > + *
>> > + * When read diff. If the sector is not allocated, -2 is returned
>> instead.
>> > + * If the sector is allocated in the backing file, -3 is returned. If
>> the
>> > + * sector is allocated in current file, the block offset is returned.
>> >   */
>> >  static inline int64_t get_sector_offset(BlockDriverState *bs,
>> > -    int64_t sector_num, int write)
>> > +    int64_t sector_num, bool write, bool diff)
>> >  {
>> >      BDRVVPCState *s = bs->opaque;
>> > -    uint64_t offset = sector_num * 512;
>> > -    uint64_t bitmap_offset, block_offset;
>> > +    uint64_t offset = sector_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
>> > +    uint64_t bitmap_offset;
>> >      uint32_t pagetable_index, pageentry_index;
>> > +    int64_t block_offset = LONG_MIN;
>> > +    int ret;
>> >
>> >      pagetable_index = offset / s->block_size;
>> > -    pageentry_index = (offset % s->block_size) / 512;
>> > +    pageentry_index = (offset % s->block_size) >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
>> >
>> > -    if (pagetable_index >= s->max_table_entries ||
>> s->pagetable[pagetable_index] == 0xffffffff)
>> > -        return -1; // not allocated
>> > +    if (pagetable_index >= s->max_table_entries) {
>> > +        return -2;
>> > +    }
>> > +    if (s->pagetable[pagetable_index] == 0xffffffff) {
>> > +        if (!write && diff) {
>> > +            return -3; /* parent allocated */
>> > +        } else {
>> > +            return -2; /* not allocated */
>> > +        }
>> > +    }
>> >
>> > -    bitmap_offset = 512 * (uint64_t) s->pagetable[pagetable_index];
>> > -    block_offset = bitmap_offset + s->bitmap_size + (512 *
>> pageentry_index);
>> > +    bitmap_offset = (uint64_t) s->pagetable[pagetable_index]
>> > +        << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
>> > +
>> > +    if (!diff || write) {
>> > +        block_offset = bitmap_offset + s->bitmap_size
>> > +            + (pageentry_index << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
>> > +    } else {
>> > +        uint32_t bitmap_index, bitmapentry_index;
>> > +        uint8_t bitmap[s->bitmap_size];
>> > +
>> > +        if (bitmap_offset > s->max_table_entries * s->block_size) {
>> > +            return -1;
>> > +        }
>> > +        ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, bitmap_offset, bitmap,
>> s->bitmap_size);
>> > +        if (ret < 0) {
>> > +            return -1;
>> > +        }
>> >
>> > +        bitmap_index = pageentry_index / 8;
>> > +        bitmapentry_index = 7 - pageentry_index % 8;
>> > +        if (bitmap[bitmap_index] & 0x1 << bitmapentry_index) {
>> > +            block_offset = bitmap_offset + s->bitmap_size
>> > +                + (pageentry_index << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
>> > +        } else {
>> > +            return -3;
>> > +        }
>> > +    }
>> >      // We must ensure that we don't write to any sectors which are
>> marked as
>> >      // unused in the bitmap. We get away with setting all bits in the
>> block
>> >      // bitmap each time we write to a new block. This might cause
>> Virtual PC to
>> >      // miss sparse read optimization, but it's not a problem in terms
>> of
>> >      // correctness.
>> > -    if (write && (s->last_bitmap_offset != bitmap_offset)) {
>> > +    if (!diff && write && (s->last_bitmap_offset != bitmap_offset)) {
>> >          uint8_t bitmap[s->bitmap_size];
>> >
>> >          s->last_bitmap_offset = bitmap_offset;
>> > @@ -376,7 +496,7 @@ static inline int64_t
>> get_sector_offset(BlockDriverState *bs,
>> >          bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file, bitmap_offset, bitmap,
>> s->bitmap_size);
>> >      }
>> >
>> > -//    printf("sector: %" PRIx64 ", index: %x, offset: %x, bioff: %"
>> PRIx64 ", bloff: %" PRIx64 "\n",
>> > +//  printf("sector: %" PRIx64 ", index: %x, offset: %x, bioff: %"
>> PRIx64 ", bloff: %" PRIx64 "\n",
>> >  // sector_num, pagetable_index, pageentry_index,
>> >  // bitmap_offset, block_offset);
>> >
>> > @@ -437,7 +557,8 @@ static int rewrite_footer(BlockDriverState* bs)
>> >   *
>> >   * Returns the sectors' offset in the image file on success and < 0 on
>> error
>> >   */
>> > -static int64_t alloc_block(BlockDriverState* bs, int64_t sector_num)
>> > +static int64_t alloc_block(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
>> > +    bool diff)
>> >  {
>> >      BDRVVPCState *s = bs->opaque;
>> >      int64_t bat_offset;
>> > @@ -457,7 +578,11 @@ static int64_t alloc_block(BlockDriverState* bs,
>> int64_t sector_num)
>> >      s->pagetable[index] = s->free_data_block_offset / 512;
>> >
>> >      // Initialize the block's bitmap
>> > -    memset(bitmap, 0xff, s->bitmap_size);
>> > +    if (diff) {
>> > +        memset(bitmap, 0x0, s->bitmap_size);
>> > +    } else {
>> > +        memset(bitmap, 0xff, s->bitmap_size);
>> > +    }
>> >      ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file, s->free_data_block_offset, bitmap,
>> >          s->bitmap_size);
>> >      if (ret < 0) {
>> > @@ -477,7 +602,7 @@ static int64_t alloc_block(BlockDriverState* bs,
>> int64_t sector_num)
>> >      if (ret < 0)
>> >          goto fail;
>> >
>> > -    return get_sector_offset(bs, sector_num, 0);
>> > +    return get_sector_offset(bs, sector_num, false, diff);
>> >
>> >  fail:
>> >      s->free_data_block_offset -= (s->block_size + s->bitmap_size);
>> > @@ -501,36 +626,66 @@ static int vpc_read(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t
>> sector_num,
>> >                      uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
>> >  {
>> >      BDRVVPCState *s = bs->opaque;
>> > -    int ret;
>> > -    int64_t offset;
>> > -    int64_t sectors, sectors_per_block;
>> >      VHDFooter *footer = (VHDFooter *) s->footer_buf;
>> > +    int64_t sectors_per_block = s->block_size >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
>> > +    int64_t offset, sectors;
>> > +    int ret;
>> >
>> > -    if (be32_to_cpu(footer->type) == VHD_FIXED) {
>> > +    switch (be32_to_cpu(footer->type)) {
>> > +    case VHD_FIXED:
>> >          return bdrv_read(bs->file, sector_num, buf, nb_sectors);
>> > -    }
>> > -    while (nb_sectors > 0) {
>> > -        offset = get_sector_offset(bs, sector_num, 0);
>> > -
>> > -        sectors_per_block = s->block_size >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
>> > -        sectors = sectors_per_block - (sector_num % sectors_per_block);
>> > -        if (sectors > nb_sectors) {
>> > -            sectors = nb_sectors;
>> > -        }
>> > +    case VHD_DYNAMIC:
>> > +        while (nb_sectors > 0) {
>> > +            sectors = sectors_per_block - (sector_num %
>> sectors_per_block);
>> > +            if (sectors > nb_sectors) {
>> > +                sectors = nb_sectors;
>> > +            }
>> >
>> > -        if (offset == -1) {
>> > -            memset(buf, 0, sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
>> > -        } else {
>> > -            ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, offset, buf,
>> > -                sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
>> > -            if (ret != sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) {
>> > +            offset = get_sector_offset(bs, sector_num, false, false);
>> > +            if (offset == -1) {
>> >                  return -1;
>> > +            } else if (offset == -2) {
>> > +                memset(buf, 0, sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
>> > +            } else {
>> > +                ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, offset, buf,
>> > +                    sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
>> > +                if (ret != sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) {
>> > +                    return -1;
>> > +                }
>> >              }
>> > +
>> > +            nb_sectors -= sectors;
>> > +            sector_num += sectors;
>> > +            buf += sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
>> >          }
>> > +        break;
>> > +    case VHD_DIFF:
>> > +        while (nb_sectors > 0) {
>> > +            offset = get_sector_offset(bs, sector_num, false, true);
>> > +            if (offset == -1) {
>> > +                return -1;
>> > +            } else if (offset == -2) {
>> > +                memset(buf, 0, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
>> > +            } else if (offset == -3) {
>> > +                ret = bdrv_pread(bs->backing_hd, sector_num <<
>> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
>> > +                    , buf, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
>>
>> What if we have a chain of differencing VHD images and the immediate
>> parent
>> does not have the required sector either, which may be at an upper level?
>> Shouldn't this method be called recursively in this case?
>>
>> > +                if (ret < 0) {
>> > +                    return -1;
>> > +                }
>> > +            } else {
>> > +                ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, offset, buf,
>> BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
>> > +                if (ret != BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) {
>> > +                    return -1;
>> > +                }
>> > +            }
>> >
>> > -        nb_sectors -= sectors;
>> > -        sector_num += sectors;
>> > -        buf += sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
>> > +            nb_sectors--;
>> > +            sector_num++;
>> > +            buf += BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
>> > +        }
>> > +        break;
>> > +    default:
>> > +        return -1;
>> >      }
>> >      return 0;
>> >  }
>> > @@ -546,44 +701,101 @@ static coroutine_fn int
>> vpc_co_read(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
>> >      return ret;
>> >  }
>> >
>> > -static int vpc_write(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
>> > -    const uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
>> > +static inline int64_t write_bitmap(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t
>> sector_num,
>> > +    int64_t sectors)
>> >  {
>> >      BDRVVPCState *s = bs->opaque;
>> > -    int64_t offset;
>> > -    int64_t sectors, sectors_per_block;
>> > +    uint64_t offset = sector_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
>> > +    uint64_t bitmap_offset;
>> > +    uint32_t pagetable_index, pageentry_index;
>> > +    uint8_t bitmap[s->bitmap_size];
>> > +    uint32_t bitmap_index, bitmapbit_index;
>> > +    int i;
>> >      int ret;
>> > -    VHDFooter *footer =  (VHDFooter *) s->footer_buf;
>> >
>> > -    if (be32_to_cpu(footer->type) == VHD_FIXED) {
>> > -        return bdrv_write(bs->file, sector_num, buf, nb_sectors);
>> > +    pagetable_index = offset / s->block_size;
>> > +    pageentry_index = (offset % s->block_size) / 512;
>> > +    bitmap_offset = 512 * (uint64_t) s->pagetable[pagetable_index];
>> > +
>> > +    if (bitmap_offset > s->max_table_entries * s->block_size) {
>> > +        return -1;
>> > +    }
>> > +    ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, bitmap_offset, bitmap, s->bitmap_size);
>> > +    if (ret < 0) {
>> > +        return -1;
>> >      }
>> > -    while (nb_sectors > 0) {
>> > -        offset = get_sector_offset(bs, sector_num, 1);
>> >
>> > -        sectors_per_block = s->block_size >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
>> > -        sectors = sectors_per_block - (sector_num % sectors_per_block);
>> > -        if (sectors > nb_sectors) {
>> > -            sectors = nb_sectors;
>> > +    for (i = 0; i < sectors; i++) {
>> > +        bitmap_index = pageentry_index / 8;
>> > +        bitmapbit_index = 7 - pageentry_index % 8;
>> > +        bitmap[bitmap_index] |= (0x1 << bitmapbit_index);
>> > +        pageentry_index++;
>> > +    }
>> > +    ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, bitmap_offset, bitmap, s->bitmap_size);
>> > +    if (ret < 0) {
>> > +        return -1;
>> > +    }
>> > +
>> > +    return 0;
>> > +}
>> > +
>> > +static int vpc_write(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
>> > +    const uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
>> > +{
>> > +    BDRVVPCState *s = bs->opaque;
>> > +    VHDFooter *footer = (VHDFooter *) s->footer_buf;
>> > +    int64_t sectors_per_block = s->block_size >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
>> > +    int64_t offset, sectors;
>> > +    bool diff = true;
>> > +    int ret = 0;
>> > +
>> > +    switch (be32_to_cpu(footer->type)) {
>> > +    case VHD_FIXED:
>> > +        return bdrv_write(bs->file, sector_num, buf, nb_sectors);
>> > +    case VHD_DYNAMIC:
>> > +    case VHD_DIFF:
>> > +        if (be32_to_cpu(footer->type) == VHD_DYNAMIC) {
>> > +            diff = false;
>> >          }
>> >
>> > -        if (offset == -1) {
>> > -            offset = alloc_block(bs, sector_num);
>> > -            if (offset < 0)
>> > +        while (nb_sectors > 0) {
>> > +            sectors = sectors_per_block - (sector_num %
>> sectors_per_block);
>> > +            if (sectors > nb_sectors) {
>> > +                sectors = nb_sectors;
>> > +            }
>> > +
>> > +            offset = get_sector_offset(bs, sector_num, true, diff);
>> > +            if (offset == -1) {
>> >                  return -1;
>> > -        }
>> > +            } else if (offset == -2) {
>> > +                offset = alloc_block(bs, sector_num, diff);
>> > +                if (offset < 0) {
>> > +                    return -1;
>> > +                }
>> > +            }
>> >
>> > -        ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, offset, buf, sectors *
>> BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
>> > -        if (ret != sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) {
>> > -            return -1;
>> > -        }
>> > +            ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, offset, buf,
>> > +                sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
>> > +            if (ret != sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) {
>> > +                return -1;
>> > +            }
>> >
>> > -        nb_sectors -= sectors;
>> > -        sector_num += sectors;
>> > -        buf += sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
>> > -    }
>> > +            if (diff) {
>> > +                ret = write_bitmap(bs, sector_num, sectors);
>> > +                if (ret < 0) {
>> > +                    return -1;
>> > +                }
>> > +            }
>> >
>> > -    return 0;
>> > +            nb_sectors -= sectors;
>> > +            sector_num += sectors;
>> > +            buf += sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
>> > +        }
>> > +        break;
>> > +    default:
>> > +        return -1;
>> > +    }
>> > +    return ret;
>> >  }
>> >
>> >  static coroutine_fn int vpc_co_write(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t
>> sector_num,
>> > @@ -910,6 +1122,7 @@ static BlockDriver bdrv_vpc = {
>> >      .bdrv_close             = vpc_close,
>> >      .bdrv_reopen_prepare    = vpc_reopen_prepare,
>> >      .bdrv_create            = vpc_create,
>> > +    .supports_backing       = true,
>> >
>> >      .bdrv_read              = vpc_co_read,
>> >      .bdrv_write             = vpc_co_write,
>> > diff --git a/include/block/block_int.h b/include/block/block_int.h
>> > index 8a61215..aab3ae8 100644
>> > --- a/include/block/block_int.h
>> > +++ b/include/block/block_int.h
>> > @@ -335,8 +335,10 @@ struct BlockDriverState {
>> >      QLIST_HEAD(, BdrvAioNotifier) aio_notifiers;
>> >
>> >      char filename[1024];
>> > -    char backing_file[1024]; /* if non zero, the image is a diff of
>> > -                                this file image */
>> > +
>> > +#define PARENT_MAX_LOCATOR 512
>> > +    char backing_file[PARENT_MAX_LOCATOR]; /* if non zero, the is a
>> diff
>> > +                                of this file image */
>> >      char backing_format[16]; /* if non-zero and backing_file exists */
>> >
>> >      QDict *full_open_options;
>>
>>  block/vpc.c               | 355
>> ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------
>>  include/block/block_int.h |   6 +-
>>  2 files changed, 288 insertions(+), 73 deletions(-)
>>
>> diff --git a/block/vpc.c b/block/vpc.c
>> index c024b4c..2ff2bba 100644
>> --- a/block/vpc.c
>> +++ b/block/vpc.c
>> @@ -33,13 +33,18 @@
>>  /**************************************************************/
>>
>>  #define HEADER_SIZE 512
>> +#define DYNAMIC_HEADER_SIZE 1024
>> +#define PARENT_LOCATOR_NUM 8
>> +#define PARENT_PREFIX_LEN 7 /* such as file:// */
>> +#define TBBATMAP_HEAD_SIZE 28
>> +#define PLATFORM_MACX 0x5863614d /* big endian */
>>
>>  //#define CACHE
>>
>>  enum vhd_type {
>>      VHD_FIXED           = 2,
>>      VHD_DYNAMIC         = 3,
>> -    VHD_DIFFERENCING    = 4,
>> +    VHD_DIFF            = 4,
>>  };
>>
>>  // Seconds since Jan 1, 2000 0:00:00 (UTC)
>> @@ -138,6 +143,15 @@ typedef struct BDRVVPCState {
>>      Error *migration_blocker;
>>  } BDRVVPCState;
>>
>> +typedef struct vhd_tdbatmap_header {
>> +    char magic[8]; /* always "tdbatmap" */
>> +
>> +    uint64_t batmap_offset;
>> +    uint32_t batmap_size;
>> +    uint32_t batmap_version;
>> +    uint32_t checksum;
>> +} QEMU_PACKED VHDTdBatmapHeader;
>> +
>>  static uint32_t vpc_checksum(uint8_t* buf, size_t size)
>>  {
>>      uint32_t res = 0;
>> @@ -153,7 +167,7 @@ static uint32_t vpc_checksum(uint8_t* buf, size_t
>> size)
>>  static int vpc_probe(const uint8_t *buf, int buf_size, const char
>> *filename)
>>  {
>>      if (buf_size >= 8 && !strncmp((char *)buf, "conectix", 8))
>> -   return 100;
>> +        return 100;
>>      return 0;
>>  }
>>
>> @@ -164,11 +178,17 @@ static int vpc_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict
>> *options, int flags,
>>      int i;
>>      VHDFooter *footer;
>>      VHDDynDiskHeader *dyndisk_header;
>> -    uint8_t buf[HEADER_SIZE];
>> +    uint8_t buf[DYNAMIC_HEADER_SIZE];
>> +    uint8_t tdbatmap_header_buf[TBBATMAP_HEAD_SIZE];
>>      uint32_t checksum;
>>      uint64_t computed_size;
>> -    int disk_type = VHD_DYNAMIC;
>> +    uint32_t disk_type;
>>      int ret;
>> +    VHDTdBatmapHeader *tdbatmap_header;
>> +    int parent_locator_offset = 0;
>> +    int64_t data_offset = 0;
>> +    int data_length = 0;
>> +    uint32_t platform;
>>
>>      ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, 0, s->footer_buf, HEADER_SIZE);
>>      if (ret < 0) {
>> @@ -176,6 +196,8 @@ static int vpc_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict
>> *options, int flags,
>>      }
>>
>>      footer = (VHDFooter *) s->footer_buf;
>> +    disk_type = be32_to_cpu(footer->type);
>> +
>>      if (strncmp(footer->creator, "conectix", 8)) {
>>          int64_t offset = bdrv_getlength(bs->file);
>>          if (offset < 0) {
>> @@ -230,9 +252,9 @@ static int vpc_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict
>> *options, int flags,
>>          goto fail;
>>      }
>>
>> -    if (disk_type == VHD_DYNAMIC) {
>> +    if (disk_type == VHD_DYNAMIC || disk_type == VHD_DIFF) {
>>          ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, be64_to_cpu(footer->data_offset), buf,
>> -                         HEADER_SIZE);
>> +                         DYNAMIC_HEADER_SIZE);
>>          if (ret < 0) {
>>              goto fail;
>>          }
>> @@ -286,6 +308,63 @@ static int vpc_open(BlockDriverState *bs, QDict
>> *options, int flags,
>>          s->free_data_block_offset =
>>              (s->bat_offset + (s->max_table_entries * 4) + 511) & ~511;
>>
>> +        /* Read tdbatmap header by offset */
>> +        ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, s->free_data_block_offset,
>> +            tdbatmap_header_buf, TBBATMAP_HEAD_SIZE);
>> +        if (ret < 0) {
>> +            goto fail;
>> +        }
>> +
>> +        tdbatmap_header = (VHDTdBatmapHeader *) tdbatmap_header_buf;
>> +        if (!strncmp(tdbatmap_header->magic, "tdbatmap", 8)) {
>> +            s->free_data_block_offset =
>> +                be32_to_cpu(tdbatmap_header->batmap_size) * 512
>> +                + be64_to_cpu(tdbatmap_header->batmap_offset);
>> +        }
>> +
>> +        /* Read backing file location from dyn header table */
>> +        if (dyndisk_header->parent_name[0] ||
>> dyndisk_header->parent_name[1]) {
>> +            for (i = 0; i < PARENT_LOCATOR_NUM; i++) {
>> +                data_offset =
>> +
>> be64_to_cpu(dyndisk_header->parent_locator[i].data_offset);
>> +                data_length =
>> +
>> be32_to_cpu(dyndisk_header->parent_locator[i].data_length);
>> +                platform = dyndisk_header->parent_locator[i].platform;
>> +
>> +                if (platform == PLATFORM_MACX) {
>> +                    if (data_offset + PARENT_PREFIX_LEN >
>> +                        s->max_table_entries * s->block_size) {
>> +                        goto fail;
>> +                    }
>> +                    if (data_length - PARENT_PREFIX_LEN >
>> PARENT_MAX_LOCATOR) {
>> +                        goto fail;
>> +                    }
>> +                    ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, data_offset +
>> PARENT_PREFIX_LEN,
>> +                        bs->backing_file, data_length -
>> PARENT_PREFIX_LEN);
>> +                    if (ret < 0) {
>> +                        goto fail;
>> +                    }
>> +
>> +                    bs->backing_file[data_length - PARENT_PREFIX_LEN] =
>> '\0';
>> +                }
>> +
>> +                if (data_offset > parent_locator_offset) {
>> +                    parent_locator_offset = data_offset;
>> +                }
>> +            }
>> +
>> +            if (strlen(bs->backing_file) == 0) {
>> +                error_setg(errp, "block-vpc: differencing is not support
>> in"
>> +                                 "w2ru or w2ku");
>> +                ret = -EINVAL;
>> +                goto fail;
>> +            }
>> +        }
>> +
>> +        if (parent_locator_offset + 512 > s->free_data_block_offset) {
>> +            s->free_data_block_offset = parent_locator_offset + 512;
>> +        }
>> +
>>          for (i = 0; i < s->max_table_entries; i++) {
>>              be32_to_cpus(&s->pagetable[i]);
>>              if (s->pagetable[i] != 0xFFFFFFFF) {
>> @@ -340,35 +419,76 @@ static int vpc_reopen_prepare(BDRVReopenState
>> *state,
>>  }
>>
>>  /*
>> - * Returns the absolute byte offset of the given sector in the image
>> file.
>> - * If the sector is not allocated, -1 is returned instead.
>> + * Returns the absolute byte offset of the given sector in the
>> differencing
>> + * image file.
>>   *
>> - * The parameter write must be 1 if the offset will be used for a write
>> - * operation (the block bitmaps is updated then), 0 otherwise.
>> + * If error happened, -1 is returned.
>> + *
>> + * When write all type or read dynamic, if the sector is not allocated,
>> -2
>> + * is returned instead. If the sector is allocated in current file, the
>> block
>> + * offset is returned.
>> + *
>> + * When read diff. If the sector is not allocated, -2 is returned
>> instead.
>> + * If the sector is allocated in the backing file, -3 is returned. If the
>> + * sector is allocated in current file, the block offset is returned.
>>   */
>>  static inline int64_t get_sector_offset(BlockDriverState *bs,
>> -    int64_t sector_num, int write)
>> +    int64_t sector_num, bool write, bool diff)
>>  {
>>      BDRVVPCState *s = bs->opaque;
>> -    uint64_t offset = sector_num * 512;
>> -    uint64_t bitmap_offset, block_offset;
>> +    uint64_t offset = sector_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
>> +    uint64_t bitmap_offset;
>>      uint32_t pagetable_index, pageentry_index;
>> +    int64_t block_offset = LONG_MIN;
>> +    int ret;
>>
>>      pagetable_index = offset / s->block_size;
>> -    pageentry_index = (offset % s->block_size) / 512;
>> +    pageentry_index = (offset % s->block_size) >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
>>
>> -    if (pagetable_index >= s->max_table_entries ||
>> s->pagetable[pagetable_index] == 0xffffffff)
>> -        return -1; // not allocated
>> +    if (pagetable_index >= s->max_table_entries) {
>> +        return -2;
>> +    }
>> +    if (s->pagetable[pagetable_index] == 0xffffffff) {
>> +        if (!write && diff) {
>> +            return -3; /* parent allocated */
>> +        } else {
>> +            return -2; /* not allocated */
>> +        }
>> +    }
>>
>> -    bitmap_offset = 512 * (uint64_t) s->pagetable[pagetable_index];
>> -    block_offset = bitmap_offset + s->bitmap_size + (512 *
>> pageentry_index);
>> +    bitmap_offset = (uint64_t) s->pagetable[pagetable_index]
>> +        << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
>> +
>> +    if (!diff || write) {
>> +        block_offset = bitmap_offset + s->bitmap_size
>> +            + (pageentry_index << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
>> +    } else {
>> +        uint32_t bitmap_index, bitmapentry_index;
>> +        uint8_t bitmap[s->bitmap_size];
>> +
>> +        if (bitmap_offset > s->max_table_entries * s->block_size) {
>> +            return -1;
>> +        }
>> +        ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, bitmap_offset, bitmap,
>> s->bitmap_size);
>> +        if (ret < 0) {
>> +            return -1;
>> +        }
>>
>> +        bitmap_index = pageentry_index / 8;
>> +        bitmapentry_index = 7 - pageentry_index % 8;
>> +        if (bitmap[bitmap_index] & 0x1 << bitmapentry_index) {
>> +            block_offset = bitmap_offset + s->bitmap_size
>> +                + (pageentry_index << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
>> +        } else {
>> +            return -3;
>> +        }
>> +    }
>>      // We must ensure that we don't write to any sectors which are
>> marked as
>>      // unused in the bitmap. We get away with setting all bits in the
>> block
>>      // bitmap each time we write to a new block. This might cause
>> Virtual PC to
>>      // miss sparse read optimization, but it's not a problem in terms of
>>      // correctness.
>> -    if (write && (s->last_bitmap_offset != bitmap_offset)) {
>> +    if (!diff && write && (s->last_bitmap_offset != bitmap_offset)) {
>>          uint8_t bitmap[s->bitmap_size];
>>
>>          s->last_bitmap_offset = bitmap_offset;
>> @@ -376,7 +496,7 @@ static inline int64_t
>> get_sector_offset(BlockDriverState *bs,
>>          bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file, bitmap_offset, bitmap,
>> s->bitmap_size);
>>      }
>>
>> -//    printf("sector: %" PRIx64 ", index: %x, offset: %x, bioff: %"
>> PRIx64 ", bloff: %" PRIx64 "\n",
>> +//  printf("sector: %" PRIx64 ", index: %x, offset: %x, bioff: %" PRIx64
>> ", bloff: %" PRIx64 "\n",
>>  // sector_num, pagetable_index, pageentry_index,
>>  // bitmap_offset, block_offset);
>>
>> @@ -437,7 +557,8 @@ static int rewrite_footer(BlockDriverState* bs)
>>   *
>>   * Returns the sectors' offset in the image file on success and < 0 on
>> error
>>   */
>> -static int64_t alloc_block(BlockDriverState* bs, int64_t sector_num)
>> +static int64_t alloc_block(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
>> +    bool diff)
>>  {
>>      BDRVVPCState *s = bs->opaque;
>>      int64_t bat_offset;
>> @@ -457,7 +578,11 @@ static int64_t alloc_block(BlockDriverState* bs,
>> int64_t sector_num)
>>      s->pagetable[index] = s->free_data_block_offset / 512;
>>
>>      // Initialize the block's bitmap
>> -    memset(bitmap, 0xff, s->bitmap_size);
>> +    if (diff) {
>> +        memset(bitmap, 0x0, s->bitmap_size);
>> +    } else {
>> +        memset(bitmap, 0xff, s->bitmap_size);
>> +    }
>>      ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file, s->free_data_block_offset, bitmap,
>>          s->bitmap_size);
>>      if (ret < 0) {
>> @@ -477,7 +602,7 @@ static int64_t alloc_block(BlockDriverState* bs,
>> int64_t sector_num)
>>      if (ret < 0)
>>          goto fail;
>>
>> -    return get_sector_offset(bs, sector_num, 0);
>> +    return get_sector_offset(bs, sector_num, false, diff);
>>
>>  fail:
>>      s->free_data_block_offset -= (s->block_size + s->bitmap_size);
>> @@ -501,36 +626,66 @@ static int vpc_read(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t
>> sector_num,
>>                      uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
>>  {
>>      BDRVVPCState *s = bs->opaque;
>> -    int ret;
>> -    int64_t offset;
>> -    int64_t sectors, sectors_per_block;
>>      VHDFooter *footer = (VHDFooter *) s->footer_buf;
>> +    int64_t sectors_per_block = s->block_size >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
>> +    int64_t offset, sectors;
>> +    int ret;
>>
>> -    if (be32_to_cpu(footer->type) == VHD_FIXED) {
>> +    switch (be32_to_cpu(footer->type)) {
>> +    case VHD_FIXED:
>>          return bdrv_read(bs->file, sector_num, buf, nb_sectors);
>> -    }
>> -    while (nb_sectors > 0) {
>> -        offset = get_sector_offset(bs, sector_num, 0);
>> -
>> -        sectors_per_block = s->block_size >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
>> -        sectors = sectors_per_block - (sector_num % sectors_per_block);
>> -        if (sectors > nb_sectors) {
>> -            sectors = nb_sectors;
>> -        }
>> +    case VHD_DYNAMIC:
>> +        while (nb_sectors > 0) {
>> +            sectors = sectors_per_block - (sector_num %
>> sectors_per_block);
>> +            if (sectors > nb_sectors) {
>> +                sectors = nb_sectors;
>> +            }
>>
>> -        if (offset == -1) {
>> -            memset(buf, 0, sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
>> -        } else {
>> -            ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, offset, buf,
>> -                sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
>> -            if (ret != sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) {
>> +            offset = get_sector_offset(bs, sector_num, false, false);
>> +            if (offset == -1) {
>>                  return -1;
>> +            } else if (offset == -2) {
>> +                memset(buf, 0, sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
>> +            } else {
>> +                ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, offset, buf,
>> +                    sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
>> +                if (ret != sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) {
>> +                    return -1;
>> +                }
>>              }
>> +
>> +            nb_sectors -= sectors;
>> +            sector_num += sectors;
>> +            buf += sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
>>          }
>> +        break;
>> +    case VHD_DIFF:
>> +        while (nb_sectors > 0) {
>> +            offset = get_sector_offset(bs, sector_num, false, true);
>> +            if (offset == -1) {
>> +                return -1;
>> +            } else if (offset == -2) {
>> +                memset(buf, 0, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
>> +            } else if (offset == -3) {
>> +                ret = bdrv_pread(bs->backing_hd, sector_num <<
>> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS
>> +                    , buf, BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
>> +                if (ret < 0) {
>> +                    return -1;
>> +                }
>> +            } else {
>> +                ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, offset, buf,
>> BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
>> +                if (ret != BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) {
>> +                    return -1;
>> +                }
>> +            }
>>
>> -        nb_sectors -= sectors;
>> -        sector_num += sectors;
>> -        buf += sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
>> +            nb_sectors--;
>> +            sector_num++;
>> +            buf += BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
>> +        }
>> +        break;
>> +    default:
>> +        return -1;
>>      }
>>      return 0;
>>  }
>> @@ -546,44 +701,101 @@ static coroutine_fn int
>> vpc_co_read(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
>>      return ret;
>>  }
>>
>> -static int vpc_write(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
>> -    const uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
>> +static inline int64_t write_bitmap(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t
>> sector_num,
>> +    int64_t sectors)
>>  {
>>      BDRVVPCState *s = bs->opaque;
>> -    int64_t offset;
>> -    int64_t sectors, sectors_per_block;
>> +    uint64_t offset = sector_num << BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
>> +    uint64_t bitmap_offset;
>> +    uint32_t pagetable_index, pageentry_index;
>> +    uint8_t bitmap[s->bitmap_size];
>> +    uint32_t bitmap_index, bitmapbit_index;
>> +    int i;
>>      int ret;
>> -    VHDFooter *footer =  (VHDFooter *) s->footer_buf;
>>
>> -    if (be32_to_cpu(footer->type) == VHD_FIXED) {
>> -        return bdrv_write(bs->file, sector_num, buf, nb_sectors);
>> +    pagetable_index = offset / s->block_size;
>> +    pageentry_index = (offset % s->block_size) / 512;
>> +    bitmap_offset = 512 * (uint64_t) s->pagetable[pagetable_index];
>> +
>> +    if (bitmap_offset > s->max_table_entries * s->block_size) {
>> +        return -1;
>> +    }
>> +    ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, bitmap_offset, bitmap, s->bitmap_size);
>> +    if (ret < 0) {
>> +        return -1;
>>      }
>> -    while (nb_sectors > 0) {
>> -        offset = get_sector_offset(bs, sector_num, 1);
>>
>> -        sectors_per_block = s->block_size >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
>> -        sectors = sectors_per_block - (sector_num % sectors_per_block);
>> -        if (sectors > nb_sectors) {
>> -            sectors = nb_sectors;
>> +    for (i = 0; i < sectors; i++) {
>> +        bitmap_index = pageentry_index / 8;
>> +        bitmapbit_index = 7 - pageentry_index % 8;
>> +        bitmap[bitmap_index] |= (0x1 << bitmapbit_index);
>> +        pageentry_index++;
>> +    }
>> +    ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, bitmap_offset, bitmap, s->bitmap_size);
>> +    if (ret < 0) {
>> +        return -1;
>> +    }
>> +
>> +    return 0;
>> +}
>> +
>> +static int vpc_write(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
>> +    const uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
>> +{
>> +    BDRVVPCState *s = bs->opaque;
>> +    VHDFooter *footer = (VHDFooter *) s->footer_buf;
>> +    int64_t sectors_per_block = s->block_size >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS;
>> +    int64_t offset, sectors;
>> +    bool diff = true;
>> +    int ret = 0;
>> +
>> +    switch (be32_to_cpu(footer->type)) {
>> +    case VHD_FIXED:
>> +        return bdrv_write(bs->file, sector_num, buf, nb_sectors);
>> +    case VHD_DYNAMIC:
>> +    case VHD_DIFF:
>> +        if (be32_to_cpu(footer->type) == VHD_DYNAMIC) {
>> +            diff = false;
>>          }
>>
>> -        if (offset == -1) {
>> -            offset = alloc_block(bs, sector_num);
>> -            if (offset < 0)
>> +        while (nb_sectors > 0) {
>> +            sectors = sectors_per_block - (sector_num %
>> sectors_per_block);
>> +            if (sectors > nb_sectors) {
>> +                sectors = nb_sectors;
>> +            }
>> +
>> +            offset = get_sector_offset(bs, sector_num, true, diff);
>> +            if (offset == -1) {
>>                  return -1;
>> -        }
>> +            } else if (offset == -2) {
>> +                offset = alloc_block(bs, sector_num, diff);
>> +                if (offset < 0) {
>> +                    return -1;
>> +                }
>> +            }
>>
>> -        ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, offset, buf, sectors *
>> BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
>> -        if (ret != sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) {
>> -            return -1;
>> -        }
>> +            ret = bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, offset, buf,
>> +                sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
>> +            if (ret != sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE) {
>> +                return -1;
>> +            }
>>
>> -        nb_sectors -= sectors;
>> -        sector_num += sectors;
>> -        buf += sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
>> -    }
>> +            if (diff) {
>> +                ret = write_bitmap(bs, sector_num, sectors);
>> +                if (ret < 0) {
>> +                    return -1;
>> +                }
>> +            }
>>
>> -    return 0;
>> +            nb_sectors -= sectors;
>> +            sector_num += sectors;
>> +            buf += sectors * BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE;
>> +        }
>> +        break;
>> +    default:
>> +        return -1;
>> +    }
>> +    return ret;
>>  }
>>
>>  static coroutine_fn int vpc_co_write(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t
>> sector_num,
>> @@ -910,6 +1122,7 @@ static BlockDriver bdrv_vpc = {
>>      .bdrv_close             = vpc_close,
>>      .bdrv_reopen_prepare    = vpc_reopen_prepare,
>>      .bdrv_create            = vpc_create,
>> +    .supports_backing       = true,
>>
>>      .bdrv_read              = vpc_co_read,
>>      .bdrv_write             = vpc_co_write,
>> diff --git a/include/block/block_int.h b/include/block/block_int.h
>> index 8a61215..aab3ae8 100644
>> --- a/include/block/block_int.h
>> +++ b/include/block/block_int.h
>> @@ -335,8 +335,10 @@ struct BlockDriverState {
>>      QLIST_HEAD(, BdrvAioNotifier) aio_notifiers;
>>
>>      char filename[1024];
>> -    char backing_file[1024]; /* if non zero, the image is a diff of
>> -                                this file image */
>> +
>> +#define PARENT_MAX_LOCATOR 512
>> +    char backing_file[PARENT_MAX_LOCATOR]; /* if non zero, the is a diff
>> +                                of this file image */
>>      char backing_format[16]; /* if non-zero and backing_file exists */
>>
>>      QDict *full_open_options;
>>
>>
>

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