Trying it on Windows 10 guest and QEMU 2.8.0 has the same issue. However, I 
noticed that:
  Supplying 1 NVMe drive -> Win10 sees it.
  Supplying 2 NVMe drives -> Win10 sees only one of them.
  Supplying 3 NVMe drives -> Win10 sees only two of them.
So I still have been able to create a ReFS mirrored storage space with two NVMe 
disks under QEMU, I just had to pass three drives instead of two:

qemu-system-x86_64 -enable-kvm <...> -drive
file=/media/ssd/NVMe_drvA.qcow2,id=diskNVMeA,format=qcow2,if=none -drive
file=/media/ssd/NVMe_drvB.qcow2,id=diskNVMeB,format=qcow2,if=none -drive
file=/media/ssd/NVMe_drvC.qcow2,id=diskNVMeC,format=qcow2,if=none
-device nvme,drive=diskNVMeA,serial=foo -device
nvme,drive=diskNVMeB,serial=foo -device nvme,drive=diskNVMeC,serial=foo

Hope this helps,
--Sergey

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https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/1576347

Title:
  Only one NVMe device is usable in Windows (10) guest

Status in QEMU:
  New

Bug description:
  Full command: qemu-system-x86_64 -enable-kvm -cpu host -smp cores=4 -m
  4G -net bridge -net nic -full-screen -drive
  file=ovmf_x64.bin,format=raw,if=pflash -drive
  file=disks/win16_ide.img,format=raw,cache=none,aio=native -drive
  file=disks/one.img,if=none,format=qcow2,id=one -drive
  file=disks/two.img,if=none,format=qcow2,id=two -device
  nvme,drive=one,serial=E86C3CFC43518D6F -device
  nvme,drive=two,serial=2BDAC262CF831698

  QEMU version: 2.5.0

  Kernel: 4.5.1 (Arch Linux)

  When there are two NVMe devices specified, only the second one will be
  usable in Windows. The following error is shown under "Device status"
  of the failed NVMe controller in Device Manager:

  "This device cannot start. (Code 10)

  The I/O device is configured incorrectly or the configuration
  parameters to the driver are incorrect."

  The only thing seems suspicious to me is that the nvme emulation in
  qemu does not have WWN/EUI-64 set for the devices, though I have no
  idea at all whether that is mandatory:

  "C:\Windows\system32>sg_vpd -i PD1
  Device Identification VPD page:
    Addressed logical unit:
      designator type: SCSI name string,  code set: UTF-8
        SCSI name string:
        8086QEMU NVMe Ctrl                          00012BDAC262CF831698

  C:\Windows\system32>sg_vpd -p sn PD1
  Unit serial number VPD page:
    Unit serial number: 0000_0000_0000_0000."

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