David,

I beg to differ. All the machines I used are PCs or similar workstations. They really and truly behave according to an exponential distribution with a small mean of a few to a few tens of microseconds. I have done a tedious histogram from which I can pick out the cache replacement, context-switch and timer interrupts. I've used both uniform and exponential noise models with substantially the same results. Since I was looking for the best performers, most of the data was collected on lightly loaded machines; the characteristics with a heavily loaded campus server are much worse.

Dave

David Woolley wrote:

Miroslav Lichvar wrote:


A very useful statistics is the Allan deviation. It can be used to
compare performance of oscillators, to make a guess of the optimal


Surely that is based on a particular model of the phase noise and the big argument about ntpd is that PC's don't follow that model.

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