Thanks Sarah, All, I guess I never thought of a negative sign as an "operation", but knowing that it is considered an operation explains everything nicely. Somewhere in it's underbelly, I suppose -4 is represented as "0 - 4"? Either way, I'm glad it is consistent & accurate, so that I didn't find myself in another pickle like "weak" typing and attempts to use time /date classes in 'R' have brought me.
Thanks! Mike --- [The theory of gravity] is to me so great an absurdity that I believe no Man who has in philosophical matters a competent faculty of thinking can ever fall into it. -- Isaac Newton On Wed, Mar 21, 2012 at 4:37 PM, Rolf Turner <rolf.tur...@xtra.co.nz> wrote: > On 22/03/12 12:17, Sarah Goslee wrote: > >> It's order of operations, and a good reason to always use >> parentheses: which is evaluated first, the unary minus or >> the raising-to-powers? >> >> (-4)^0.5 >> -(4^0.5) >> >> sqrt(-4) >> -sqrt(4) >> > > If the OP *really* wants the square root of -4 he could do > sqrt(-4+0i) or (-4+0i)^0.5 (and get 0+2i in either case). > > cheers, > > Rolf Turner > [[alternative HTML version deleted]] ______________________________________________ R-help@r-project.org mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.