Thank to Rui, Jeff, and Bert. They are all very useful.
Somewhat related is the following, in which jindex is a numeric or alphanumeric vector in a function that starts with

try<-function(...., jindex=NA)

In the if loop, in the first line I am trying to determine whether the vector jindex is NA; In the second line, I am trying to determine whether elements in vector jindex is are all non-numeric.

Not sure how so I tried to judge by the first element of jindex. Any better way? Thannks.

  if (!is.na(jindex[1])){       # like to improve this line
    if(!is.numeric(jindex)[1]){ # like to improve this line
      words  <-jindex
      pattern<-paste(words,collapse="|")
      jindex <-grep(pattern=pattern,x.label,value=FALSE)
    }
    jj<-jindex; x.label<-x.label[jj]
  }

On 2021/5/9 上午 03:02, Rui Barradas wrote:
Hello,

The pattern can be assembled with paste(., collapse = "|").
With the same vector of names, nms:


words <- c("black","conserv")
pattern <- paste(words, collapse = "|")
grep(pattern = pattern, nms, value = TRUE)
#[1] "x1.black"   "x1.conserv" "x2.black"   "x2.conserv"


Hope this helps,

Rui Barradas

Às 18:20 de 08/05/21, Jeff Newmiller escreveu:
Regular expression patterns are not vectorized... only the data to be searched are. Use one of the many websites dedicated to tutoring regular expressions to learn how they work. (Using function names like "names" as data names is bad practice.)

nms <- c( "x1.one", "x1.black", "x1.othrrace", "x1.moddkna", "x1.conserv", "x1.nstrprty", "x1.strrep", "x1.sevngprt", "x2.one", "x2.black", "x2.othrrace", "x2.moddkna", "x2.conserv", "x2.nstrprty", "x2.strrep", "x2.sevngprt" )

grep( "black|conserv", nms, value = TRUE )

On May 8, 2021 10:00:12 AM PDT, Steven Yen <st...@ntu.edu.tw> wrote:
Below, the first command simply creates a list of 16 names (labels)
which can be ignore.

In the 2nd and 3rd commands, I am able to identify names containing
"black".

In line 4, I am trying to identify names containing "black" or
"conserv"
but obviously it does not work. Can someone help? Thanks.

names<-names(tp.nohs$estimate)[c(1:8,58:65)]; names
  [1] "x1.one"      "x1.black"    "x1.othrrace" "x1.moddkna"
"x1.conserv"  "x1.nstrprty"
  [7] "x1.strrep"   "x1.sevngprt" "x2.one"      "x2.black" "x2.othrrace"

"x2.moddkna"
[13] "x2.conserv"  "x2.nstrprty" "x2.strrep"   "x2.sevngprt"
grep("black",names,value=TRUE)
[1] "x1.black" "x2.black"
grep("black",names,value=FALSE)
[1]  2 10
grep(c("black","conserv"),names,value=TRUE)
[1] "x1.black" "x2.black"
Warning message:
In grep(c("black", "conserv"), names, value = TRUE) :
   argument 'pattern' has length > 1 and only the first element will be
used

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