Reasons for preferring one to another: - taste. If you like curly braces, you'll prefer R. If you like indentation forced by syntax, you'll prefer Python. - compatibility. This morning I was trying to use a web site where all the Python examples were non-functional due to either of both of two changes to Python syntax. - tooling Both have pretty good tools. For some things, R has the edge. For some, Python. (There is no R analogue of PyPy.) - packages Both R and Python have vast libraries of contributed packages. Quite often you are more interested in a package than the language it runs in. You might be surprised at what is available for R. Tensorflow: https://tensorflow.rstudio.com/ Keras: https://keras.rstudio.com/
And of course, some people use both in the same project, https://www.rstudio.com/solutions/r-and-python/ By the way, someone said that R is purely interpreted. That's not completely true. In R, type ?compile >From .py files you get .pyc, from .R files you get .Rc On Fri, 29 Oct 2021 at 20:21, Catherine Walt <w...@purpleemail.com> wrote: > Thanks for Avi. and all other people's helps. > > I am using Numpy primarily for machine learning, for example, Keras tasks > can use Numpy heavily. > > Now I got a task to analyze the BIO data, for which the Prof tell me R is > better. > So I am looking into R. and I was just serious if Numpy can handle the BIO > data well? > > Regards > Cathy > > > > October 29, 2021 3:32 AM, "Avi Gross via R-help" <r-help@r-project.org> > wrote: > > > I am not sure your overall question fits into this forum but a brief > > internet search can find plenty of info. > > > > But in brief, R is a language in which much of what numpy does was built > in > > from the start and many things are vectorized. Much of what the python > > pandas language does is also part of native R. There are additional > packages > > (python called them modules) freely available that greatly extend those > > capabilities and I doubt there is very much you can do in numpy that > cannot > > also often easily be done in R. > > > > Realistically, there are several reasons the numpy module is so commonly > > used in python. They left something like vectors out of the language. > Yes, > > they have dictionaries and lists and sets and all kinds of objects. So > numpy > > was made mostly in C to provide numeric processing of things that are > more > > like vectors efficiently. In R, everything is a vector as in a simple > > variable is just a vector of length one! > > > > I program in both and in other languages as many do. Reasons to choose > one > > or another vary. Python can do many things easily and with complexity > and is > > a rather full-blown and complex language with real object-oriented > > capabilities and also functional programming. It is interpreted but also > has > > a way to save partially compiled code. R is pretty much all interpreted > > albeit many things are written I C or C++ pr other compiled languages and > > stuffed into libraries. > > > > One main reason to choose is programming style but there are TONS of > > differences that can bite you such as R sometimes deferring evaluation of > > code which can be an advantage or the opposite. But a huge reason I think > > that people choose one or the other is the availability of packages that > do > > much of what they want. Some, for example, love a set of packages they > call > > the tidyverse and do much of their work largely within it rather than > base > > R. Many love the graphics package called ggplot. > > > > But over time, I see more and more functionality available within the > Python > > community that rivals or perhaps exceeds such as the machine learning > tools. > > > > I have an interesting solution I sometimes use as you can run programs > in R > > using a package that allows the same data to be accessed back and forth > > between an attached R interpreter and a Python interpreter. So if you > want > > to use python features like dictionaries and list comprehensions to > massage > > the data then have R do additional things and perhaps make graphs, you > can > > get some of both worlds. > > > > As noted, a detailed answer is way beyond here. R has packages that > probably > > let you add things and it has too many object-oriented subsystems, most > of > > them not complete. > > > > Good Luck, > > > > Avi > > > > -----Original Message----- > > From: R-help <r-help-boun...@r-project.org> On Behalf Of Catherine Walt > > Sent: Thursday, October 28, 2021 2:57 AM > > To: r-help@r-project.org > > Subject: [R] R vs Numpy > > > > Hello members, > > > > I am familiar with python's Numpy. > > Now I am looking into R language. > > What is the main difference between these two languages? including > > advantages or disadvantages. > > > > Thanks. > > > > ______________________________________________ > > R-help@r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see > > https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help > > PLEASE do read the posting guide > http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html > > and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. > > > > ______________________________________________ > > R-help@r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see > > https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help > > PLEASE do read the posting guide > http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html > > and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. > > ______________________________________________ > R-help@r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see > https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help > PLEASE do read the posting guide > http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html > and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. > [[alternative HTML version deleted]] ______________________________________________ R-help@r-project.org mailing list -- To UNSUBSCRIBE and more, see https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.