Thanks again, Petr. Following the reference, that would be true that "=" only assign values to the top level...So apparently using '<-' is the safe all the time to assign values.
Dong On 8/1/07, Petr PIKAL <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > > Hi > > "Dong GUO ¹ù¶«" <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> napsal dne 31.07.2007 15:27:35: > > > Thanks, Petr. > > > > I changed the equation mark from "=" to "<-", then, it works fine. Dont > know > > what difference it has made between the "=" and "<-".. > > from help page > > The operators <- and = assign into the environment in which they are > evaluated. The operator<- can be used anywhere, whereas the operator = is > only allowed at the top level (e.g., in the complete expression typed at > the command prompt) or as one of the subexpressions in a braced list of > expressions. > > Although I do not fully understand where I can use <- and where =, to be > on safe side I use <- everywhere when I want to do assignment of some > value(s). > > Regards > > Petr > > > > > Regards, > > Dong > > > On 7/31/07, Petr PIKAL <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > > Hi > > > > as you say that the computing is part of a function than the best way to > > see what is hapenning is to use > > > > debug(your.function) > > > > see ?debug for options. > > > > Regards > > > > Petr > > [EMAIL PROTECTED] > > > > [EMAIL PROTECTED] napsal dne 31.07.2007 00:11:00: > > > > > Dear all, > > > > > > here are two arrays: region(26,31,8), nation(8) > > > > > > I tried to get a new array, say, giGi(26,31,8) > > > > > > giGi <- array(0,dim = c(region_dim)) > > > > > > for (i in (1:region_dim[3])) > > > { > > > giGi[,,i] = region[,,i]-nation[,i] > > > > > > } > > > > > > As the above is part of function, but results shows only giGi[,,1] has > > the > > > right answers, all the others (giGi[,,2],..giGi[..8]) are zeros. I > have > > > checked array of region and nation, they are not zeros at all.... > > > > > > when I do manually, it is not the case, giGi has meanful numbers. > > > > > > can some one tell me the trick in this process?? > > > > > > Many thanks in advance. > > > Dong > > > > > > [[alternative HTML version deleted]] > > > > > > ______________________________________________ > > > R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list > > > https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help > > > PLEASE do read the posting guide > > http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html > > > and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code. > > [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
______________________________________________ R-help@stat.math.ethz.ch mailing list https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-help PLEASE do read the posting guide http://www.R-project.org/posting-guide.html and provide commented, minimal, self-contained, reproducible code.