Dear All, I tried to inspect the geometric anisotropy by using the function of estimateAnisotropy with parameter "formulaString" in intamap, but never worked. Any help will be highly appreciated.
Cheers,
Yong
-----Original Message-----
From: r-sig-geo-boun...@stat.math.ethz.ch 代表 r-sig-geo-requ...@stat.math.ethz.ch
Sent: 2010-4-18 (星期日) 20:00
To: r-sig-geo@stat.math.ethz.ch
Subject: R-sig-Geo Digest, Vol 80, Issue 18
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Today's Topics:
1. Variogram models in gstat (Sidney Bernal)
2. Re: Variogram models in gstat (Edzer Pebesma)
3. Re: sp, area and SpatialPolygons (Roger Bivand)
4. Re: Help needed with spplot (Thomas Adams)
5. Re: sp, area and SpatialPolygons (Patrick Giraudoux)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Message: 1
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 2010 10:37:15 -0500
From: Sidney Bernal <sidney86_...@hotmail.com>
To: <r-sig-geo@stat.math.ethz.ch>, Sidney Bernal
<sidney86_...@hotmail.com>
Subject: [R-sig-Geo] Variogram models in gstat
Message-ID: <snt117-w61894d6d8aa733d868dd48a7...@phx.gbl>
Content-Type: text/plain
Good Morning
Today I make a geostatistics course, so I'm using R 2.10.1 and I am writing to
ask the please of the mathematical formulas of the 19 models of covariogram
variogram programmed in the gstat package.
short long
1 Nug Nug (nugget)
2 Exp Exp (exponential)
3 Sph Sph (spherical)
4 Gau Gau (gaussian)
5 Exc Exclass (Exponential class)
6 Mat Mat (Matern)
7 Ste Mat (Matern, M. Stein's parameterization)
8 Cir Cir (circular)
9 Lin Lin (linear)
10 Bes Bes (bessel)
11 Pen Pen (pentaspherical)
12 Per Per (periodic)
13 Hol Hol (hole)
14 Log Log (logarithmic)
15 Pow Pow (power)
16 Spl Spl (spline)
17 Leg Leg (Legendre)
18 Err Err (Measurement error)
19 Int Int (Intercept)
Awaiting your prompt response.
Sidney Bernal
sidney86_...@hotmail.com
Sidney Bernal
_________________________________________________________________
e=wlmailtagline
[[alternative HTML version deleted]]
------------------------------
Message: 2
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 2010 18:47:43 +0200
From: Edzer Pebesma <edzer.pebe...@uni-muenster.de>
To: Sidney Bernal <sidney86_...@hotmail.com>
Cc: r-sig-geo@stat.math.ethz.ch
Subject: Re: [R-sig-Geo] Variogram models in gstat
Message-ID: <4bc9e62f.1090...@uni-muenster.de>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
Most of them can be found on page 38 of http://www.gstat.org/gstat.pdf
The Mat / Ste models are e.g. described in M. Stein, "Interpolation of
Spatial Data: Some Theory for Kriging", Springer.
Let me know if there are further descriptions missing.
--
Edzer
Sidney Bernal wrote:
>
>
> Good Morning
>
> Today I make a geostatistics course, so I'm using R 2.10.1 and I am writing
> to ask the please of the mathematical formulas of the 19 models of
> covariogram variogram programmed in the gstat package.
>
> short long
> 1 Nug Nug (nugget)
> 2 Exp Exp (exponential)
> 3 Sph Sph (spherical)
> 4 Gau Gau (gaussian)
> 5 Exc Exclass (Exponential class)
> 6 Mat Mat (Matern)
> 7 Ste Mat (Matern, M. Stein's parameterization)
> 8 Cir Cir (circular)
> 9 Lin Lin (linear)
> 10 Bes Bes (bessel)
> 11 Pen Pen (pentaspherical)
> 12 Per Per (periodic)
> 13 Hol Hol (hole)
> 14 Log Log (logarithmic)
> 15 Pow Pow (power)
> 16 Spl Spl (spline)
> 17 Leg Leg (Legendre)
> 18 Err Err (Measurement error)
> 19 Int Int (Intercept)
>
> Awaiting your prompt response.
>
> Sidney Bernal
> sidney86_...@hotmail.com
>
>
>
> Sidney Bernal
>
>
> _________________________________________________________________
>
>
> e=wlmailtagline
> [[alternative HTML version deleted]]
>
> _______________________________________________
> R-sig-Geo mailing list
> R-sig-Geo@stat.math.ethz.ch
> https://stat.ethz.ch/mailman/listinfo/r-sig-geo
--
Edzer Pebesma
Institute for Geoinformatics (ifgi), University of M?nster
Weseler Stra?e 253, 48151 M?nster, Germany. Phone: +49 251
8333081, Fax: +49 251 8339763 http://ifgi.uni-muenster.de
http://www.52north.org/geostatistics e.pebe...@wwu.de
------------------------------
Message: 3
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 2010 21:26:35 +0200 (CEST)
From: Roger Bivand <roger.biv...@nhh.no>
To: Patrick Giraudoux <patrick.giraud...@univ-fcomte.fr>
Cc: Edzer Pebesma <e.pebe...@gmail.com>, r-sig-geo@stat.math.ethz.ch
Subject: Re: [R-sig-Geo] sp, area and SpatialPolygons
Message-ID: <alpine.lrh.2.00.1004172120140.18...@reclus.nhh.no>
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII; format=flowed
On Sat, 17 Apr 2010, Patrick Giraudoux wrote:
>
> I did not find a function in sp to extract area from SpatialPolygons objects.
> Thus I was thinking about writing some function to do the job similar to the
> functions written in order to extract lengths from SpatialLines objects (see
> ?SpatialLines). I have incidentally discovered a strange thing. Let us define
> a list of 3 polygons:
>
> polylist <- list(structure(c(180016, 180034, 180452, 180588, 180615,
> 180533,
> 180225, 180016, 332182, 331756, 331774, 332074, 332418, 332518,
> 332319, 332182), .Dim = c(8L, 2L)), structure(c(179907, 180325,
> 180397, 180152, 179781, 179672, 179735, 179907, 331611, 331611,
> 331266, 330931, 330967, 331266, 331466, 331611), .Dim = c(8L,
> 2L)), structure(c(179499, 179971, 180343, 180161, 179753, 179418,
> 179499, 330577, 330768, 330468, 330096, 330078, 330369, 330577
> ), .Dim = c(7L, 2L)))
>
> And make a simple SpatialPolygons object with them:
>
> SP<-SpatialPolygons(list(Polygons(list(Polygon(polylist[[1]])),ID="P1"),Polygons(list(Polygon(polylist[[2]])),ID="P2"),Polygons(list(Polygon(polylist[[3]])),ID="P3")),pO=as.integer(c(1,2,3)))
> It looks like if the area of Polygons #1 was not computed:
Patrick,
There is a bug, not not a simple one. The ring direction of your first
Polygon object signals that it is a hole, but in Polygons(), singleton
holes are made into islands, and the largest hole in an all-hole list of
Polygon objects is also made into an island. The bug was that the hole
vector used for assigning the area had not been updated, so the area slot
in the Polygons object was assigned 0 (because it was still treated as a
hole). Had you said hole=FALSE for P1, it would have been OK. The updating
is now in place.
Thanks,
Roger
>
> s...@polygons[[1]]@area
> [1] 0
>
> Whilst the area of the Polygons are:
>
> s...@polygons[[1]]@polygons[[...@area
> [1] 322111
>
> However, no trouble with the next Polygons:
>> s...@polygons[[2]]@area
> [1] 384740
>> s...@polygons[[2]]@polygons[[...@area
> [1] 384740
>> s...@polygons[[3]]@area
> [1] 423937
>> s...@polygons[[3]]@polygons[[...@area
> [1] 423937
>
> Did I do something wrong, miss something or is there a bug in the
> SpatialPolygons function ?
>
> Patrick
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
--
Roger Bivand
Economic Geography Section, Department of Economics, Norwegian School of
Economics and Business Administration, Helleveien 30, N-5045 Bergen,
Norway. voice: +47 55 95 93 55; fax +47 55 95 95 43
e-mail: roger.biv...@nhh.no
------------------------------
Message: 4
Date: Sat, 17 Apr 2010 17:05:03 -0400
From: Thomas Adams <thomas.ad...@noaa.gov>
To: dylan.beaude...@gmail.com
Cc: r-sig-geo@stat.math.ethz.ch
Subject: Re: [R-sig-Geo] Help needed with spplot
Message-ID: <4bca227f.1020...@noaa.gov>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=windows-1252; format=flowed
Dylan,
Thank you for the suggestion and it did help. But, I think another
problem is the way spplot handles drawing off-screen. This does not seem
to be handled well. Ultimately, I was able to find a generalized
shapefile of the CONUS (48) states; this draws tolerably well. I
conducted a few little experiments?
I think the moral of the story is to restrict the vector map to the area
one is interested in and not to be sloppy. I'm still trying to grasp the
subtleties of v.generalize?
Thanks again,
Tom
Dylan Beaudette wrote:
> On Tuesday 13 April 2010, Thomas Adams wrote:
>
>> All:
>>
>> I'm using GRASS 6.4 with R 2.9.2 and sp/spgrass6. When plotting a vector
>> file, read in from GRASS, using spplot, the drawing takes many minutes
>> to complete. Apart from the fact that the vector file is probably more
>> detailed than I need, I know time is spent drawing off-screen. I tried
>> specifying xlim & ylim, but, of course, this just zooms into the area
>> I'm mapping, and does not solve my underlying problem.
>>
>> I also tried using pruneMap(), but this did not seem to make any
>> difference in the length of time before my R prompt returned. By
>> contrast, GRASS re-draws very fast, within a few seconds instead of ~5
>> minutes. I want to use spplot to draw an array of maps (21), so 1+ hours
>> will not work for what I am doing.
>>
>> Any thoughts how I might speed-up the process?
>>
>> Regards,
>> Tom
>>
>
> Hi Tom,
>
> What kind of vector data are you plotting? Probably not points. If you are
> working with very detailed lines or polygons, I would suggest simplifying
> them in GRASS first. In GRASS 6.4, v.clean is the module of choice. If you
> can get GRASS 6.5, then v.generalize will work even better. Note that you
> need to work on boundaries with v.generalize, and too much "pruning" will
> result in broken topology.
>
> I recently used an incantation like this:
> v.generalize in=ca_counties out=ca_counties_simple type=boundary
> method=douglas_reduction threshold=1000
>
> ... to reduce the number of vertices in a map of CA counties, so that I could
> plot it with spplot().
>
> Cheers,
> Dylan
>
>
--
Thomas E Adams
National Weather Service
Ohio River Forecast Center
1901 South State Route 134
Wilmington, OH 45177
EMAIL: thomas.ad...@noaa.gov
VOICE: 937-383-0528
FAX: 937-383-0033
------------------------------
Message: 5
Date: Sun, 18 Apr 2010 08:41:47 +0200
From: Patrick Giraudoux <patrick.giraud...@univ-fcomte.fr>
To: roger.biv...@nhh.no
Cc: Edzer Pebesma <e.pebe...@gmail.com>, r-sig-geo@stat.math.ethz.ch
Subject: Re: [R-sig-Geo] sp, area and SpatialPolygons
Message-ID: <4bcaa9ab.6010...@univ-fcomte.fr>
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1; format=flowed
Except this inexpected 'bug' discovery point the fact that I draw the
hole inadvertently ! I wanted to draw standards polygons but did the
first counterclockwise (so a hole...)... Chaos added to chaos = bug fix.
Let us call that the French wine method... hips !
Anyway, thanks a lot Roger,
Cheers,
Patrick
Roger Bivand a ?crit :
> On Sat, 17 Apr 2010, Patrick Giraudoux wrote:
>
>>
>> I did not find a function in sp to extract area from SpatialPolygons
>> objects. Thus I was thinking about writing some function to do the
>> job similar to the functions written in order to extract lengths from
>> SpatialLines objects (see ?SpatialLines). I have incidentally
>> discovered a strange thing. Let us define a list of 3 polygons:
>>
>> polylist <- list(structure(c(180016, 180034, 180452, 180588, 180615,
>> 180533,
>> 180225, 180016, 332182, 331756, 331774, 332074, 332418, 332518,
>> 332319, 332182), .Dim = c(8L, 2L)), structure(c(179907, 180325,
>> 180397, 180152, 179781, 179672, 179735, 179907, 331611, 331611,
>> 331266, 330931, 330967, 331266, 331466, 331611), .Dim = c(8L,
>> 2L)), structure(c(179499, 179971, 180343, 180161, 179753, 179418,
>> 179499, 330577, 330768, 330468, 330096, 330078, 330369, 330577
>> ), .Dim = c(7L, 2L)))
>>
>> And make a simple SpatialPolygons object with them:
>>
>> SP<-SpatialPolygons(list(Polygons(list(Polygon(polylist[[1]])),ID="P1"),Polygons(list(Polygon(polylist[[2]])),ID="P2"),Polygons(list(Polygon(polylist[[3]])),ID="P3")),pO=as.integer(c(1,2,3)))
>>
>>
>> It looks like if the area of Polygons #1 was not computed:
>
> Patrick,
>
> There is a bug, not not a simple one. The ring direction of your first
> Polygon object signals that it is a hole, but in Polygons(), singleton
> holes are made into islands, and the largest hole in an all-hole list
> of Polygon objects is also made into an island. The bug was that the
> hole vector used for assigning the area had not been updated, so the
> area slot in the Polygons object was assigned 0 (because it was still
> treated as a hole). Had you said hole=FALSE for P1, it would have been
> OK. The updating is now in place.
>
> Thanks,
>
> Roger
>
>>
>> s...@polygons[[1]]@area
>> [1] 0
>>
>> Whilst the area of the Polygons are:
>>
>> s...@polygons[[1]]@polygons[[...@area
>> [1] 322111
>>
>> However, no trouble with the next Polygons:
>>> s...@polygons[[2]]@area
>> [1] 384740
>>> s...@polygons[[2]]@polygons[[...@area
>> [1] 384740
>>> s...@polygons[[3]]@area
>> [1] 423937
>>> s...@polygons[[3]]@polygons[[...@area
>> [1] 423937
>>
>> Did I do something wrong, miss something or is there a bug in the
>> SpatialPolygons function ?
>>
>> Patrick
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>>
>
------------------------------
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