You've got a big project there.
What is it exactly that you're looking to learn?
I'm asking, because you seem to want to take on a LOT of issues,
which may leave you broke and discouraged in the end.
If I were you, I'd start off with a repeater controller, a relatively
straightforward firmware project with a little hardware interfacing.
I'd use existing radio hardware for that section.
Then I might try my hand at a transmitter design, and learn just how
critical things are, and all the ways that a transmitter can get you
into trouble. :)
Receiver design is another bunch of fun, and repeaters have some
issues that are especially important with regards to how large
undesired signals affect it.
I've done a simple repeater controller in an Atmel Tiny-11 ($0.25),
using only it's 32 registers and small rom. (no ram in this part)
Out of that I was able to get COR debounce, kerchunk filtering,
timeout timer, ID timer, hang timer, CWID (translating ASCII text in
rom to CW) and multitone courtesy beep. External hardware was a pot,
keying transistor, and a few R's and C's. I didn't even need a
crystal and caps since I was able to use the on-board R/C oscillator.
Personally, I avoid the PIC, it's internal "architecture" makes life
rather complicated, and it's a relatively slow machine.
If you'd like to see what CAN be done, have a look at the Arcom RC-
210 controller. This runs on an AVR Mega-128 part.
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