cloud-fan commented on a change in pull request #32301:
URL: https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/32301#discussion_r620104642



##########
File path: 
sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/optimizer/NestedColumnAliasing.scala
##########
@@ -23,78 +23,149 @@ import org.apache.spark.sql.internal.SQLConf
 import org.apache.spark.sql.types._
 
 /**
- * This aims to handle a nested column aliasing pattern inside the 
`ColumnPruning` optimizer rule.
- * If a project or its child references to nested fields, and not all the 
fields
- * in a nested attribute are used, we can substitute them by alias attributes; 
then a project
- * of the nested fields as aliases on the children of the child will be 
created.
+ * This aims to handle a nested column aliasing pattern inside the 
[[ColumnPruning]] optimizer rule.
+ * If:
+ * - A [[Project]] or its child references nested fields
+ * - Not all of the fields in a nested attribute are used
+ * Then:
+ * - Substitute the nested field references with alias attributes
+ * - Add grandchild [[Project]]s transforming the nested fields to aliases
+ *
+ * Example 1: Project
+ * ------------------
+ * Before:
+ * +- Project [concat_ws(s#0.a, s#0.b) AS concat_ws(s.a, s.b)#1]
+ *   +- GlobalLimit 5
+ *     +- LocalLimit 5
+ *       +- LocalRelation <empty>, [s#0]
+ * After:
+ * +- Project [concat_ws(_gen_alias_2#2, _gen_alias_3#3) AS concat_ws(s.a, 
s.b)#1]
+ *   +- GlobalLimit 5
+ *     +- LocalLimit 5
+ *       +- Project [s#0.a AS _gen_alias_2#2, s#0.b AS _gen_alias_3#3]
+ *         +- LocalRelation <empty>, [s#0]
+ *
+ * Example 2: Project above Filter
+ * -------------------------------
+ * Before:
+ * +- Project [s#0.a AS s.a#1]
+ *   +- Filter (length(s#0.b) > 2)
+ *     +- GlobalLimit 5
+ *       +- LocalLimit 5
+ *         +- LocalRelation <empty>, [s#0]
+ * After:
+ * +- Project [_gen_alias_2#2 AS s.a#1]
+ *   +- Filter (length(_gen_alias_3#3) > 2)
+ *     +- GlobalLimit 5
+ *       +- LocalLimit 5
+ *         +- Project [s#0.a AS _gen_alias_2#2, s#0.b AS _gen_alias_3#3]
+ *           +- LocalRelation <empty>, [s#0]
+ *
+ * Example 3: Nested columns in nested columns

Review comment:
       I think we do support nested column pruning with any levels. The example 
is more about "Nested fields with parent field being referenced".




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