szehon-ho commented on code in PR #56069:
URL: https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/56069#discussion_r3291852630


##########
python/pyspark/pipelines/api.py:
##########
@@ -525,3 +527,109 @@ def create_sink(
         comment=None,
     )
     get_active_graph_element_registry().register_output(sink)
+
+
+def create_auto_cdc_flow(
+    target: str,
+    source: str,
+    keys: Union[List[str], List[Column]],
+    sequence_by: Union[str, Column],
+    apply_as_deletes: Optional[Union[str, Column]] = None,
+    column_list: Optional[Union[List[str], List[Column]]] = None,
+    except_column_list: Optional[Union[List[str], List[Column]]] = None,
+    stored_as_scd_type: Optional[Literal[1, "1"]] = None,
+    name: Optional[str] = None,
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Create an Auto CDC flow into the target table from the Change Data Capture 
(CDC) source.
+    Target table must have already been created using create_streaming_table 
function. Only one
+    of column_list and except_column_list can be specified.
+
+    Example:
+    create_auto_cdc_flow(
+      target = "target",

Review Comment:
   Nit: the example uses `target = "target"` (spaces around `=`). The 
implementation and PEP 8 style elsewhere use `target="target"`. Worth aligning 
the example for consistency.



##########
python/pyspark/pipelines/api.py:
##########
@@ -525,3 +527,109 @@ def create_sink(
         comment=None,
     )
     get_active_graph_element_registry().register_output(sink)
+
+
+def create_auto_cdc_flow(
+    target: str,
+    source: str,
+    keys: Union[List[str], List[Column]],
+    sequence_by: Union[str, Column],
+    apply_as_deletes: Optional[Union[str, Column]] = None,
+    column_list: Optional[Union[List[str], List[Column]]] = None,
+    except_column_list: Optional[Union[List[str], List[Column]]] = None,
+    stored_as_scd_type: Optional[Literal[1, "1"]] = None,
+    name: Optional[str] = None,
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Create an Auto CDC flow into the target table from the Change Data Capture 
(CDC) source.
+    Target table must have already been created using create_streaming_table 
function. Only one
+    of column_list and except_column_list can be specified.
+
+    Example:
+    create_auto_cdc_flow(
+      target = "target",
+      source = "source",
+      keys = ["key"],
+      sequence_by = "sequence_expr",
+      column_list = ["key", "value"],
+    )
+
+    Note that for keys, sequence_by, column_list, and except_column_list the 
arguments have to
+    be column identifiers without qualifiers, e.g. they cannot be 
col("sourceTable.keyId").
+
+    :param target: The name of the target table that receives the Auto CDC 
flow.
+    :param source: The name of the CDC source to stream from.
+    :param keys: The column or combination of columns that uniquely identify a 
row in the source \
+        data. This is used to identify which CDC events apply to specific 
records in the target \
+        table. These keys also identify records in the target table, e.g., if 
there exists a record \
+        for given keys and the CDC source has an UPSERT operation for the same 
keys, we will update \
+        the existing record. At least one key must be provided. This should be 
a list of column \
+        identifiers without qualifiers, expressed as either Python strings or 
PySpark Columns.
+    :param sequence_by: An expression that we use to order the source data. 
This can be expressed \

Review Comment:
   Nit: this says "PySpark Expression"; other params say "PySpark Column". 
Since string args become `F.expr(...)`, something like "a SQL expression string 
or `Column`" might be clearer and consistent with `apply_as_deletes`.



##########
python/pyspark/pipelines/tests/test_graph_element_registry.py:
##########
@@ -97,6 +100,98 @@ def flow2():
         self.assertEqual(sink_obj.options["key1"], "value1")
         assert 
sink_obj.source_code_location.filename.endswith("test_graph_element_registry.py")
 
+    def test_create_auto_cdc_flow(self):
+        registry = LocalGraphElementRegistry()
+        with graph_element_registration_context(registry):
+            dp.create_streaming_table("target")
+            dp.create_auto_cdc_flow(
+                target="target",
+                source="source",
+                keys=[col("key")],
+                sequence_by=expr("seq"),
+            )
+
+        self.assertEqual(len(registry.outputs), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(len(registry.auto_cdc_flows), 1)
+
+        flow = cast(AutoCdcFlow, registry.auto_cdc_flows[0])
+        self.assertEqual(flow.target, "target")
+        self.assertEqual(flow.source, "source")
+        self.assertIsNone(flow.name)
+        self.assertIsNone(flow.stored_as_scd_type)
+        self.assertIsNone(flow.apply_as_deletes)
+        assert 
flow.source_code_location.filename.endswith("test_graph_element_registry.py")
+
+    def test_create_auto_cdc_flow_with_all_args(self):

Review Comment:
   `column_list` is covered in `test_create_auto_cdc_flow_with_all_args` and 
the string-args test, but `except_column_list` has no test. Could you add a 
case that passes `except_column_list` (and optionally one that sets both 
`column_list` and `except_column_list` and expects an error, once client-side 
validation is in)?



##########
python/pyspark/pipelines/spark_connect_graph_element_registry.py:
##########
@@ -133,6 +133,41 @@ def register_flow(self, flow: Flow) -> None:
         command.pipeline_command.define_flow.CopyFrom(inner_command)
         self._client.execute_command(command)
 
+    def register_auto_cdc_flow(self, flow: AutoCdcFlow) -> None:
+        from pyspark.sql.connect.column import Column as ConnectColumn
+
+        def to_plan(col: Column) -> Any:
+            return cast(ConnectColumn, col).to_plan(self._client)
+
+        def to_plans(cols: Optional[List[Column]]) -> list:
+            return [] if cols is None else [to_plan(c) for c in cols]
+
+        auto_cdc_details = pb2.PipelineCommand.DefineFlow.AutoCdcFlowDetails(
+            source=flow.source,
+            keys=to_plans(flow.keys),
+            sequence_by=to_plan(flow.sequence_by),
+            column_list=to_plans(flow.column_list),
+            except_column_list=to_plans(flow.except_column_list),
+        )
+        if flow.stored_as_scd_type is not None:
+            auto_cdc_details.stored_as_scd_type = 
pb2.PipelineCommand.DefineFlow.SCDType.SCD_TYPE_1
+        if flow.apply_as_deletes is not None:
+            
auto_cdc_details.apply_as_deletes.CopyFrom(to_plan(flow.apply_as_deletes))
+
+        inner_command = pb2.PipelineCommand.DefineFlow(
+            dataflow_graph_id=self._dataflow_graph_id,
+            target_dataset_name=flow.target,
+            auto_cdc_flow_details=auto_cdc_details,
+            sql_conf={},
+            
source_code_location=source_code_location_to_proto(flow.source_code_location),
+        )
+        if flow.name is not None:

Review Comment:
   When `name` is omitted, the docstring says the flow name defaults to the 
target name. Here `flow_name` is only set when `flow.name is not None`, so the 
proto may leave `flow_name` unset (empty on the server). 
`PipelinesHandler.defineFlow` always uses `flow.getFlowName()` (e.g. for 
implicit-flow detection).
   
   Should we always send `flow_name`, e.g. `inner_command.flow_name = 
flow.target if flow.name is None else flow.name`, so Connect matches the 
documented default once `AutoCdcFlowDetails` is implemented?



##########
python/pyspark/pipelines/tests/test_graph_element_registry.py:
##########
@@ -97,6 +100,98 @@ def flow2():
         self.assertEqual(sink_obj.options["key1"], "value1")
         assert 
sink_obj.source_code_location.filename.endswith("test_graph_element_registry.py")
 
+    def test_create_auto_cdc_flow(self):
+        registry = LocalGraphElementRegistry()
+        with graph_element_registration_context(registry):
+            dp.create_streaming_table("target")
+            dp.create_auto_cdc_flow(
+                target="target",
+                source="source",
+                keys=[col("key")],
+                sequence_by=expr("seq"),
+            )
+
+        self.assertEqual(len(registry.outputs), 1)
+        self.assertEqual(len(registry.auto_cdc_flows), 1)
+
+        flow = cast(AutoCdcFlow, registry.auto_cdc_flows[0])
+        self.assertEqual(flow.target, "target")
+        self.assertEqual(flow.source, "source")
+        self.assertIsNone(flow.name)
+        self.assertIsNone(flow.stored_as_scd_type)
+        self.assertIsNone(flow.apply_as_deletes)
+        assert 
flow.source_code_location.filename.endswith("test_graph_element_registry.py")
+
+    def test_create_auto_cdc_flow_with_all_args(self):
+        registry = LocalGraphElementRegistry()
+        with graph_element_registration_context(registry):
+            dp.create_streaming_table("tgt")
+            dp.create_auto_cdc_flow(
+                target="tgt",
+                source="src",
+                keys=[col("id")],
+                sequence_by=expr("ts"),
+                apply_as_deletes=expr("op = 'DELETE'"),
+                column_list=[col("id"), col("val")],
+                stored_as_scd_type=1,
+                name="my_flow",
+            )
+
+        flow = cast(AutoCdcFlow, registry.auto_cdc_flows[0])
+        self.assertEqual(flow.name, "my_flow")
+        self.assertEqual(flow.stored_as_scd_type, 1)
+
+    def test_create_auto_cdc_flow_with_string_args(self):
+        # Verify that string forms of column / expression arguments are 
normalized to
+        # PySpark Columns, equivalent to passing col(...) / expr(...) directly.
+        registry = LocalGraphElementRegistry()
+        with graph_element_registration_context(registry):
+            dp.create_streaming_table("tgt")
+            dp.create_auto_cdc_flow(
+                target="tgt",
+                source="src",
+                keys=["id"],
+                sequence_by="ts",
+                apply_as_deletes="op = 'DELETE'",
+                column_list=["id", "val"],
+            )
+
+        flow = cast(AutoCdcFlow, registry.auto_cdc_flows[0])
+        for k in flow.keys:
+            self.assertIsInstance(k, Column)
+        self.assertIsInstance(flow.sequence_by, Column)
+        self.assertIsInstance(flow.apply_as_deletes, Column)
+        assert flow.column_list is not None
+        for c in flow.column_list:
+            self.assertIsInstance(c, Column)
+
+    def test_create_auto_cdc_flow_stored_as_scd_type_string(self):

Review Comment:
   Nit: the other `create_auto_cdc_flow` tests call `create_streaming_table` on 
the target first; this one does not. Harmless for `LocalGraphElementRegistry`, 
but adding it would match the doc requirement and the other tests.



##########
python/pyspark/pipelines/api.py:
##########
@@ -525,3 +527,109 @@ def create_sink(
         comment=None,
     )
     get_active_graph_element_registry().register_output(sink)
+
+
+def create_auto_cdc_flow(
+    target: str,
+    source: str,
+    keys: Union[List[str], List[Column]],
+    sequence_by: Union[str, Column],
+    apply_as_deletes: Optional[Union[str, Column]] = None,
+    column_list: Optional[Union[List[str], List[Column]]] = None,
+    except_column_list: Optional[Union[List[str], List[Column]]] = None,
+    stored_as_scd_type: Optional[Literal[1, "1"]] = None,
+    name: Optional[str] = None,
+) -> None:
+    """
+    Create an Auto CDC flow into the target table from the Change Data Capture 
(CDC) source.
+    Target table must have already been created using create_streaming_table 
function. Only one
+    of column_list and except_column_list can be specified.
+
+    Example:
+    create_auto_cdc_flow(
+      target = "target",
+      source = "source",
+      keys = ["key"],
+      sequence_by = "sequence_expr",
+      column_list = ["key", "value"],
+    )
+
+    Note that for keys, sequence_by, column_list, and except_column_list the 
arguments have to
+    be column identifiers without qualifiers, e.g. they cannot be 
col("sourceTable.keyId").
+
+    :param target: The name of the target table that receives the Auto CDC 
flow.
+    :param source: The name of the CDC source to stream from.
+    :param keys: The column or combination of columns that uniquely identify a 
row in the source \
+        data. This is used to identify which CDC events apply to specific 
records in the target \
+        table. These keys also identify records in the target table, e.g., if 
there exists a record \
+        for given keys and the CDC source has an UPSERT operation for the same 
keys, we will update \
+        the existing record. At least one key must be provided. This should be 
a list of column \
+        identifiers without qualifiers, expressed as either Python strings or 
PySpark Columns.
+    :param sequence_by: An expression that we use to order the source data. 
This can be expressed \
+        as either a Python string or PySpark Expression.
+    :param apply_as_deletes: Delete condition for the merged operation. This 
should be a string of \
+        expression e.g. "operation = 'DELETE'"
+    :param column_list: Columns that will be included in the output table. 
This should be a list \
+        of column identifiers without qualifiers, expressed as either Python 
strings or PySpark \
+        Column. Only one of column_list and except_column_list can be 
specified.
+    :param except_column_list: Columns that will be excluded in the output 
table. This should be a \
+        list of column identifiers without qualifiers, expressed as either 
Python strings or \
+        PySpark Column. Only one of column_list and except_column_list can be 
specified. When this \
+        is specified, all columns in the dataframe of the target table except 
those in this list \
+        will be in the output table.
+    :param stored_as_scd_type: The SCD type for the target table. Only 1 (or 
"1") is supported. \
+        When not specified the server default applies.
+    :param name: The name of the flow for this create_auto_cdc_flow command. 
When unspecified this \
+           will build a "default flow" with name equal to the target name.
+    """
+    keys = _normalize_column_list(keys)

Review Comment:
   Other SDP APIs validate inputs up front (`create_streaming_table` checks 
`type(name) is not str`, etc.). Consider similar checks here before building 
`AutoCdcFlow`:
   
   - `target` / `source`: `str` (same pattern as `name` in 
`create_streaming_table`)
   - `keys`: non-empty list; reject mixed `[str, Column]` if you want to match 
`Union[List[str], List[Column]]`
   - `column_list` vs `except_column_list`: error if both are set (doc already 
says only one is allowed)
   - `_normalize_column_list`: reject elements that are neither `str` nor 
`Column` with `PySparkTypeError` instead of passing them through
   
   Happy to keep this minimal for the first cut, but matching existing SDP 
validation would give clearer errors at definition time.



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