cloud-fan commented on code in PR #58450:
URL: https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/58450#discussion_r4029982172


##########
sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/parser/AstBuilder.scala:
##########
@@ -4289,38 +4321,42 @@ class AstBuilder extends DataTypeAstBuilder
    */
   override def visitJsonArray(ctx: JsonArrayContext): Expression = 
withOrigin(ctx) {
     val arrayValues = ctx.values.asScala.map(v => expression(v.value)).toSeq
-    // Freeze the FORMAT JSON decisions here, from the lexical argument, so a 
later
-    // analyzer/optimizer rewrite that wraps or swaps the child cannot change 
them (see
-    // [[ImplicitlyFormattedAsJson]]). For each element:
-    //  - `formatJson`: whether it is already-JSON text spliced raw. True when 
it carries an
-    //    explicit `FORMAT JSON` clause, or is a (lexically) nested JSON 
constructor -- seen through
-    //    a value-preserving `COLLATE` via `JsonArray.isImplicitlyJson`.
-    //  - `needsValidation`: whether its raw text is arbitrary user input to 
JSON-validate at eval.
-    //    True only for an explicit `FORMAT JSON` on something that is NOT a 
JSON constructor; a
-    //    nested constructor emits well-formed JSON by construction and is 
trusted.
-    val formatArgs = ctx.values.asScala.zip(arrayValues).map { case (v, expr) 
=>
-      val explicit = v.FORMAT() != null
-      val implicitlyJson = JsonArray.isImplicitlyJson(expr)
-      (explicit || implicitlyJson, explicit && !implicitlyJson)
-    }.toSeq
-    val formatJson = formatArgs.map(_._1)
-    val needsValidation = formatArgs.map(_._2)
-    // Default RETURNING type is STRING; the result is JSON text. A 
CHAR/VARCHAR RETURNING is
-    // normalized to STRING unconditionally: JSON_ARRAY serializes the 
fragment itself and never
-    // advertises a CHAR/VARCHAR length it does not enforce. The 
CharVarcharUtils helpers cannot be
-    // used here -- they honor spark.sql.preserveCharVarcharTypeInfo and would 
leave a VARCHAR(n)
-    // length in the output type when that flag is set. A non-string RETURNING 
is left intact for
-    // checkInputDataTypes to fail.
-    val returning = Option(ctx.returning).map(typedVisit[DataType]).map {
-      case c: CharType => c.toStringType
-      case v: VarcharType => v.toStringType
-      case other => other
-    }.getOrElse(StringType)
-    // Default ON NULL behavior is ABSENT ON NULL (drop NULL elements).
-    val nullBehavior = Option(ctx.nullBehavior)
-      .map(buildJsonConstructorNullBehavior)
-      .getOrElse(JsonConstructorNullBehavior.Absent)
-    JsonArray(arrayValues, formatJson, needsValidation, nullBehavior, 
returning)
+    val hasExplicitFormat = ctx.values.asScala.exists(_.FORMAT() != null)
+    val hasImplicitJson = arrayValues.exists(JsonArray.isImplicitlyJson)

Review Comment:
   **Nit (P3):** For a clause-bearing call such as `JSON_ARRAY(v1, ..., vn 
RETURNING STRING)`, `ctx.returning` already guarantees direct construction, but 
this computes `hasExplicitFormat` and recursively scans every value with 
`isImplicitlyJson` first, then traverses the values again to build flags. The 
same unnecessary work occurs for null-behavior and top-level nesting 
disqualifiers. Could we check those constant-time conditions first and 
compute/reuse the per-value facts only while routing is still possible?



##########
sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/FunctionResolution.scala:
##########
@@ -404,6 +388,110 @@ class FunctionResolution(
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Returns whether an unqualified function name reaches `system.builtin` 
before any temp or
+   * persistent function in the effective SQL PATH. When a temp or persistent 
function shadows the
+   * builtin, special-syntax handling that only applies to Spark's builtins 
must not fire, since the
+   * name no longer refers to the builtin -- e.g. rejecting a direct star 
(bare `*` or qualified
+   * `t.*`) in a routed SQL/JSON function or the `count(tbl.*)` guard. 
Parser-built `count(*)` is
+   * normalized to `count(1)` in `AstBuilder` so it skips this probe, but a 
DataFrame `count("*")`
+   * keeps its star and does reach the probe during analyzer normalization.
+   *
+   * Precondition: `functionName` must already be known to be a stock built-in 
name (as
+   * `functionNameResolvesToBuiltin` ensures by checking 
`FunctionRegistry.functionSet` first). This
+   * returns true as soon as the PATH reaches `system.builtin`, without 
verifying that
+   * `system.builtin` actually defines a function of this name, so calling it 
for a non-builtin name
+   * would wrongly report builtin ownership.
+   */
+  def unqualifiedFunctionResolvesToBuiltinBeforeAnyShadow(functionName: 
String): Boolean = {
+    // Walk the PATH in order and stop at the first entry that owns the name. 
The default order puts
+    // system.builtin first, so the common case returns on the first entry 
with no catalog lookup;
+    // only a custom PATH that lists a persistent catalog ahead of 
system.builtin reaches the probe
+    // below (one lookup per such preceding entry, recomputed on each call -- 
not cached).
+    sqlResolutionPathEntriesForAnalysis.foreach { pathEntry =>
+      val candidate = pathEntry :+ functionName
+      FunctionResolution.sessionNamespaceKind(candidate) match {
+        case 
Some(org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.catalog.SessionCatalog.Builtin) =>
+          return true
+        case Some(org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.catalog.SessionCatalog.Temp) =>
+          // A visible temp scalar function shadows the builtin; a visible 
temp *table* function
+          // makes scalar resolution terminal at this PATH entry 
(NOT_A_SCALAR_FUNCTION). Either way
+          // the name never reaches system.builtin, mirroring 
`resolveFunctionCandidate`.
+          val ident = FunctionIdentifier(functionName)
+          if (v1SessionCatalog.isTemporaryScalarFunctionVisible(ident) ||
+              v1SessionCatalog.isTemporaryTableFunctionVisible(ident)) {
+            return false
+          }
+        case None =>
+          if (persistentFunctionExists(candidate)) {
+            return false
+          }
+      }
+    }
+    false
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns true when a function reference resolves to the system built-in 
with the requested name.
+   * This mirrors [[resolveFunction]] for special parser/analyzer rewrites 
that must run only for
+   * Spark's built-ins. In particular, two-part `builtin.name` is not always a 
system built-in:
+   * with `spark.sql.legacy.persistentCatalogFirst=true`, an existing 
persistent
+   * `current_catalog.builtin.name` takes precedence.
+   */
+  def functionNameResolvesToBuiltin(nameParts: Seq[String], expectedName: 
String): Boolean = {
+    if (!FunctionRegistry.functionSet.contains(
+          FunctionRegistry.builtinFunctionIdentifier(expectedName)) ||
+        !FunctionResolution.isUnqualifiedOrBuiltinFunctionName(nameParts, 
expectedName)) {
+      return false
+    }
+    nameParts.length match {
+      case 1 =>
+        unqualifiedFunctionResolvesToBuiltinBeforeAnyShadow(nameParts.head)
+      case 2 =>
+        conf.prioritizeSystemCatalog || !persistentFunctionExists(nameParts)
+      case 3 =>
+        true
+      case _ =>
+        false
+    }
+  }
+
+  // All routed SQL/JSON functions (JSON_ARRAY, JSON_VALUE, JSON_QUERY, 
JSON_EXISTS) forbid a direct
+  // star argument (a bare `*` or a qualified `t.*`). Derived from the single 
registry list so a
+  // newly routed function is covered without editing this file too.
+  private val starDisallowedJsonConstructors = 
FunctionRegistry.routedJsonConstructorNames
+
+  /**
+   * True if `nameParts` resolves to Spark's stock built-in routed SQL/JSON 
function that forbids a
+   * direct star. The `isStockBuiltinFunction` check excludes an 
`injectFunction` replacement of
+   * the name, whose expanded star is passed through rather than rejected.
+   */
+  def resolvesToStarDisallowedJsonConstructor(nameParts: Seq[String]): Boolean 
=
+    starDisallowedJsonConstructors.exists { name =>
+      functionNameResolvesToBuiltin(nameParts, name) &&
+        v1SessionCatalog.isStockBuiltinFunction(name)
+    }
+
+  private def persistentFunctionExists(nameParts: Seq[String]): Boolean = {
+    try {
+      // Expand through the view's frozen catalog/namespace exactly as 
`resolveFunctionCandidate`
+      // does, so the shadow probe queries the same catalog the real resolver 
would inside a view.
+      relationResolution.expandIdentifier(nameParts) match {
+        case CatalogAndIdentifier(catalog, ident) =>
+          catalog.asFunctionCatalog.functionExists(ident)
+        case _ =>
+          false
+      }
+    } catch {

Review Comment:
   **Non-blocking (P2):** Could you add a PATH regression with a nonexistent 
persistent namespace before `system.builtin` and verify a routed SQL/JSON 
builtin still resolves in both analyzer paths? This would make the new 
`NoSuchNamespaceException` recovery branch observable: removing that catch 
should fail before reaching the builtin, whereas all current persistent-shadow 
cases use existing namespaces.



##########
sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/jsonExpressions.scala:
##########
@@ -1651,6 +1651,134 @@ object JsonArray {
   }
 }
 
+// Built-in forms for the plain SQL/JSON constructor and path-function calls 
that `AstBuilder`
+// routes through function resolution. Each rebuilds its expression with the 
standard clause
+// defaults when unshadowed.
+
+@ExpressionDescription(
+  usage = "_FUNC_([expr[, ...]]) - Returns a JSON array string with NULL 
elements dropped.",
+  arguments = """
+    Arguments:
+      * expr - the elements to place in the array.
+  """,
+  examples = """
+    Examples:
+      > SELECT _FUNC_(1, 'x', true);
+       [1,"x",true]
+      > SELECT _FUNC_(1, NULL, 3);
+       [1,3]
+      > SELECT _FUNC_();
+       []
+  """,
+  since = "4.4.0",
+  group = "json_funcs")
+object JsonArrayExpressionBuilder extends ExpressionBuilder {
+  override def build(funcName: String, expressions: Seq[Expression]): 
Expression = {
+    // A routed call carries no lexical FORMAT JSON, so every element is a 
plain value (quoted).
+    // Splicing a nested constructor is only reachable via `JSON_ARRAY(...)` 
syntax (which freezes

Review Comment:
   **Nit (P3):** This says the direct splicing path is limited to a nested 
constructor, but `AstBuilder` also classifies grammar-built `JSON_QUERY` as 
implicitly JSON, and the focused suite exercises it as a path/query function. 
Please describe this as a nested JSON-producing expression or value, and use 
the same terminology in the TODO, so the SPARK-59243 follow-up does not 
overlook `JSON_QUERY`.



##########
sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/FunctionResolution.scala:
##########
@@ -404,6 +388,110 @@ class FunctionResolution(
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Returns whether an unqualified function name reaches `system.builtin` 
before any temp or
+   * persistent function in the effective SQL PATH. When a temp or persistent 
function shadows the
+   * builtin, special-syntax handling that only applies to Spark's builtins 
must not fire, since the
+   * name no longer refers to the builtin -- e.g. rejecting a direct star 
(bare `*` or qualified
+   * `t.*`) in a routed SQL/JSON function or the `count(tbl.*)` guard. 
Parser-built `count(*)` is
+   * normalized to `count(1)` in `AstBuilder` so it skips this probe, but a 
DataFrame `count("*")`
+   * keeps its star and does reach the probe during analyzer normalization.
+   *
+   * Precondition: `functionName` must already be known to be a stock built-in 
name (as
+   * `functionNameResolvesToBuiltin` ensures by checking 
`FunctionRegistry.functionSet` first). This
+   * returns true as soon as the PATH reaches `system.builtin`, without 
verifying that
+   * `system.builtin` actually defines a function of this name, so calling it 
for a non-builtin name
+   * would wrongly report builtin ownership.
+   */
+  def unqualifiedFunctionResolvesToBuiltinBeforeAnyShadow(functionName: 
String): Boolean = {
+    // Walk the PATH in order and stop at the first entry that owns the name. 
The default order puts
+    // system.builtin first, so the common case returns on the first entry 
with no catalog lookup;
+    // only a custom PATH that lists a persistent catalog ahead of 
system.builtin reaches the probe
+    // below (one lookup per such preceding entry, recomputed on each call -- 
not cached).
+    sqlResolutionPathEntriesForAnalysis.foreach { pathEntry =>
+      val candidate = pathEntry :+ functionName
+      FunctionResolution.sessionNamespaceKind(candidate) match {
+        case 
Some(org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.catalog.SessionCatalog.Builtin) =>
+          return true
+        case Some(org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.catalog.SessionCatalog.Temp) =>
+          // A visible temp scalar function shadows the builtin; a visible 
temp *table* function
+          // makes scalar resolution terminal at this PATH entry 
(NOT_A_SCALAR_FUNCTION). Either way
+          // the name never reaches system.builtin, mirroring 
`resolveFunctionCandidate`.
+          val ident = FunctionIdentifier(functionName)
+          if (v1SessionCatalog.isTemporaryScalarFunctionVisible(ident) ||
+              v1SessionCatalog.isTemporaryTableFunctionVisible(ident)) {
+            return false
+          }
+        case None =>
+          if (persistentFunctionExists(candidate)) {
+            return false
+          }
+      }
+    }
+    false
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Returns true when a function reference resolves to the system built-in 
with the requested name.
+   * This mirrors [[resolveFunction]] for special parser/analyzer rewrites 
that must run only for
+   * Spark's built-ins. In particular, two-part `builtin.name` is not always a 
system built-in:
+   * with `spark.sql.legacy.persistentCatalogFirst=true`, an existing 
persistent
+   * `current_catalog.builtin.name` takes precedence.
+   */
+  def functionNameResolvesToBuiltin(nameParts: Seq[String], expectedName: 
String): Boolean = {
+    if (!FunctionRegistry.functionSet.contains(
+          FunctionRegistry.builtinFunctionIdentifier(expectedName)) ||
+        !FunctionResolution.isUnqualifiedOrBuiltinFunctionName(nameParts, 
expectedName)) {
+      return false
+    }
+    nameParts.length match {
+      case 1 =>
+        unqualifiedFunctionResolvesToBuiltinBeforeAnyShadow(nameParts.head)
+      case 2 =>
+        conf.prioritizeSystemCatalog || !persistentFunctionExists(nameParts)

Review Comment:
   Thanks, that makes sense. I still think concurrent external DDL makes the 
race reachable and this PR expands its impact to routed SQL/JSON, but I agree 
the clean fix belongs in shared owner-resolution machinery and is broader than 
this patch. I’m okay with a follow-up. Could you file and link a JIRA covering 
owner binding (or preserved star provenance) across both analyzer paths, 
including deterministic interleaving coverage?
   
   <!-- SPARK_DEV_REVIEW_REPLY 
{"feedback_id":"inline:4024451316","thread_id":"inline:4024451316","verdict_sha256":"2d395b4c05bea343daa674519f689c2210f575a861cbcf666f62518a07390e4f"}
 -->



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