Github user marmbrus commented on a diff in the pull request:

    https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/3249#discussion_r22004962
  
    --- Diff: 
sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/Analyzer.scala
 ---
    @@ -314,6 +318,113 @@ class Analyzer(catalog: Catalog, registry: 
FunctionRegistry, caseSensitive: Bool
         protected def containsStar(exprs: Seq[Expression]): Boolean =
           exprs.collect { case _: Star => true }.nonEmpty
       }
    +
    +  /**
    +   * Transforms the query which has subquery expressions in where clause 
to join queries.
    +   * Case 1 Uncorelated queries
    +   * -- original query
    +   * select C from R1 where R1.A in (Select B from R2)
    +   * -- rewritten query
    +   * Select C from R1 left semi join (select B as sqc0 from R2) subquery 
on R1.A = subquery.sqc0
    +   *
    +   * Case 2 Corelated queries
    +   * -- original query
    +   * select C from R1 where R1.A in (Select B from R2 where R1.X = R2.Y)
    +   * -- rewritten query
    +   * select C from R1 left semi join (select B as sqc0, R2.Y as sqc1 from 
R2) subquery
    +   *   on R1.X = subquery.sqc1 and R1.A = subquery.sqc0
    +   * 
    +   * Refer: 
https://issues.apache.org/jira/secure/attachment/12614003/SubQuerySpec.pdf
    +   */
    +  object SubQueryExpressions extends Rule[LogicalPlan] {
    +
    +    def apply(plan: LogicalPlan): LogicalPlan = plan transform {
    +      case filter @ Filter(conditions, child) =>
    +        val subqueryExprs = new 
scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[SubqueryExpression]()
    +        val nonSubQueryConds = new 
scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[Expression]()
    +        val transformedConds = conditions.transform{
    +          // Replace with dummy
    +          case s @ SubqueryExpression(exp,subquery) =>
    +            subqueryExprs += s
    +            Literal(true)
    +        }
    +        if (subqueryExprs.size == 1) {
    +          val subqueryExpr = subqueryExprs.remove(0)
    +          createLeftSemiJoin(
    +            child, subqueryExpr.value,
    +            subqueryExpr.subquery, transformedConds)
    +        } else if (subqueryExprs.size > 1) {
    +          // Only one subquery expression is supported.
    +          throw new TreeNodeException(filter, "Only 1 SubQuery expression 
is supported.")
    +        } else {
    +          filter
    +        }
    +    }
    +
    +    /**
    +     * Create LeftSemi join with parent query to the subquery which is 
mentioned in 'IN' predicate
    +     * And combine the subquery conditions and parent query conditions.
    +     */ 
    +    def createLeftSemiJoin(left: LogicalPlan,
    +        value: Expression, subquery: LogicalPlan,
    +        parentConds: Expression) : LogicalPlan = {
    +      val (transformedPlan, subqueryConds) = transformAndGetConditions(
    +          value, subquery)
    +      // Unify the parent query conditions and subquery conditions and add 
these as join conditions
    +      val unifyConds = And(parentConds, subqueryConds)
    +      Join(left, transformedPlan, LeftSemi, Some(unifyConds))
    +    }
    +
    +    /**
    +     * Transform the subquery LogicalPlan and add the expressions which 
are used as filters to the
    +     * projection. And also return filter conditions used in subquery
    +     */
    +    def transformAndGetConditions(value: Expression,
    +          subquery: LogicalPlan): (LogicalPlan, Expression) = {
    +      val expr = new scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer[Expression]()
    +      val transformedPlan = subquery transform {
    +        case project @ Project(projectList, f @ Filter(condition, child)) 
=>
    +          // Don't support more than 1 item in select list of subquery
    +          if(projectList.size > 1) {
    +            throw new TreeNodeException(project, "SubQuery can contain 
only 1 item in Select List")
    +          }
    +          val resolvedChild = ResolveRelations(child)
    +          // Add the expressions to the projections which are used as 
filters in subquery
    +          val toBeAddedExprs = f.references.filter(
    +              a=>resolvedChild.resolve(a.name, resolver) != None && 
!projectList.contains(a))
    --- End diff --
    
    A few things here
     - I'd add the guard above so we don't have to resolve here.  Hand 
resolution like you are doing here will work for simple cases but doesn't run 
to fixed point.
     - Never compare attributes by name, and don't inspect the project list to 
see what the output will be.  The reasons are as follows: names can be 
ambiguous and the project list could have aliases and other things that confuse 
the inspection.  Instead use `outputSet` which returns an `AttributeSet` that 
does comparisons correctly.
     - if you need multi line lambas, prefer the following syntax:
    ```  
      list.filter { a =>
        a....
      }
    ```
    
    All together I think you want something like:
    ```scala
    f.references.filterNot(project.outputSet.contains)
    ```


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