Github user tgaloppo commented on a diff in the pull request: https://github.com/apache/spark/pull/3871#discussion_r22545409 --- Diff: mllib/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/mllib/stat/impl/MultivariateGaussian.scala --- @@ -17,23 +17,84 @@ package org.apache.spark.mllib.stat.impl -import breeze.linalg.{DenseVector => DBV, DenseMatrix => DBM, Transpose, det, pinv} +import breeze.linalg.{DenseVector => DBV, DenseMatrix => DBM, diag, max, eigSym} -/** - * Utility class to implement the density function for multivariate Gaussian distribution. - * Breeze provides this functionality, but it requires the Apache Commons Math library, - * so this class is here so-as to not introduce a new dependency in Spark. - */ +import org.apache.spark.mllib.util.MLUtils + +/** + * This class provides basic functionality for a Multivariate Gaussian (Normal) Distribution. In + * the event that the covariance matrix is singular, the density will be computed in a + * reduced dimensional subspace under which the distribution is supported. + * (see [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multivariate_normal_distribution#Degenerate_case]]) + * + * @param mu The mean vector of the distribution + * @param sigma The covariance matrix of the distribution + */ private[mllib] class MultivariateGaussian( val mu: DBV[Double], val sigma: DBM[Double]) extends Serializable { - private val sigmaInv2 = pinv(sigma) * -0.5 - private val U = math.pow(2.0 * math.Pi, -mu.length / 2.0) * math.pow(det(sigma), -0.5) - + + /** + * Compute distribution dependent constants: + * rootSigmaInv = D^(-1/2) * U, where sigma = U * D * U.t --- End diff -- (u, d) is the eigendecomposition of sigma, so sigma = u * diag(d) * u^-1 ... but we have a special case since covariance matrices are always symmetric and positive semi-definite, in which case u * u.t = I, making it equivalent to the singular value decomposition... so sigma = u * diag(d) * u.t ... so in svd terms, v.t = u.t, then the inverse is v * inv(diag(d)) * u.t = u * inv(diag(d)) * u.t ... Have I lost my bearings?
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