There is a new GSAS tutorial on the CCP14 site: Setting up GSAS Macro Files for Restrained Refinement on relatively large Inorganics (Polymeric Inorganics) (using a "created" Ti Fe O example - originally just a new published Titanate phase) http://www.ccp14.ac.uk/solution/gsas/restrained_inorganic.html This deals with: i) atom co-ordinates macro file ii) atom bond length restraints macro file (generated from Crystals with the option of performing DLS - and Scott Belmonte's new "coue" conversion software) iii) dual atom occupancy constraints for the metal sites iv) total cell contents restraints macro file Corrections, suggestions, etc appreciated. Especially new macros for making this type of thing easier to set up for certain types of restraints where it is important to test the robustness from different starting positions and refinement strategies. Lachlan. PS: While GSAS scales very well in terms of increased problem size and interface control - I am having some difficulty with getting convergence within Genles on a "real" dataset. (this is on Le Bail fitted data where only the background and atomic parameters are allowed to refine - starting from an idealised starting model guided from TEM) Does anyone have hints and tricks for parameter release conditions for large inorganics (that required restraints to keep the Oxygen distances reasonable) (~100 atoms in the asymmetric unit - may have to be doubled based on reinterpretation of the TEM data). All the metal sites have potential dual occupancy with that can be varied. What can you get away with and have a good change of convergence with Genles? How far away from their true positions can the heavy atoms be to drop in? Estimates of a good numbers of cycles to use to let the atoms rattle around? Are there possibilities for what I believe on the commercial(?) version of Shelx 76(?) was a "cascading" refinement(?) - to automatically release small sets of atoms - and cycle through automatically? (is it possible to interlink expedt and genles under macro control to achieve this?) -- Lachlan M. D. Cranswick Collaborative Computational Project No 14 (CCP14) for Single Crystal and Powder Diffraction Daresbury Laboratory, Warrington, WA4 4AD U.K Tel: +44-1925-603703 Fax: +44-1925-603124 E-mail: [EMAIL PROTECTED] Ext: 3703 Room C14 http://www.ccp14.ac.uk