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+ADw-DIV style+AD0AIg-FONT: 10pt arial+ACIAPg------ Original Message -----
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+ADw-DIV+AD4APA-B+AD4-Sent:+ADw-/B+AD4- Tuesday, January 18, 2005 3:49 PM+ADw-/DIV+AD4-
+ADw-DIV+AD4APA-B+AD4-Subject:+ADw-/B+AD4- Academy of Finland Newsletter, January 2005+ADw-/DIV+AD4APA-/DIV+AD4-
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+ADw-P+AD4APA-FONT size+AD0-2+AD4-The Academy of Finland newsletter will keep you updated on basic
research+ADw-BR+AD4-funded in Finland and on other news from the Finnish world of
science and+ADw-BR+AD4-research. In case you wish us to send this to someone else in
your+ADw-BR+AD4-organisation or if you do not want to receive these newsletters in
the+ADw-BR+AD4-future, please let us know at +ADw-A
href+AD0AIg-mailto:viestinta+AEA-aka.fi+ACIAPg-viestinta+AEA-aka.fi+ADw-/A+AD4APA-BR+AD4APA-BR+AD4-Features:+ADw-BR+AD4-Evolution
of first stars faster than thought+ADw-BR+AD4-Impacts of ageing widely discussed at
multidisciplinary forum+ADw-BR+AD4-Towards greater flexibility and order in
leadership+ADw-BR+AD4-Finnish measuring instrument en route to Saturn moon+ADw-BR+AD4-Minor
conflicts between work and family common+ADw-BR+AD4-Scroll down for more on these
stories+ADw-BR+AD4APA-BR+AD4-EVOLUTION OF FIRST STARS FASTER THAN THOUGHT+ADw-BR+AD4-Ever since the
Big Bang theory was first postulated, carbon has been+ADw-BR+AD4-considered a vital
element in the creation of life. Academy of Finland+ADw-BR+AD4-Centre of Excellence
researchers from the University of Jyv+AOQ-skyl+AOQAPA-BR+AD4-Department of Physics have found
the answer to a crucial question+ADw-BR+AD4-concerning the nuclear properties of the
carbon-12 isotope.+ADw-BR+AD4APA-BR+AD4-The research, conducted by a Centre of Excellence
headed by Professor Juha+ADw-BR+AD4AxA-yst+APY-, will shed light on the earlier formation of
carbon in stellar+ADw-BR+AD4-nuclear reactions over a wider temperature range. Until
now, information+ADw-BR+AD4-on the extreme temperature behaviour of the 3-alpha process,
which leads+ADw-BR+AD4-to the formation of carbon-12 isotope, the fourth most common
element in+ADw-BR+AD4-the universe, has been severely lacking. Contrary to previous
research+ADw-BR+AD4-results, the nuclear reaction rate at low temperatures was extremely
fast,+ADw-BR+AD4-while at high temperatures it was extremely slow.+ADw-BR+AD4APA-BR+AD4-This has
numerous impacts on some of the most interesting questions in+ADw-BR+AD4-astrophysics
among other things. The first stars of the universe were+ADw-BR+AD4-formed without
carbon, but when the 3-alpha process started they began+ADw-BR+AD4-forming the carbon-12
isotope, which, in turn, set off hydrogen fusion. In+ADw-BR+AD4-light of new findings,
this evolution, which led to the formation of+ADw-BR+AD4-Sun-like stars, seems to have
occurred considerably faster - even as much+ADw-BR+AD4-as 50+ACU- faster - than previously
thought.+ADw-BR+AD4APA-BR+AD4-The research was conducted as an international co-operative
project, whose+ADw-BR+AD4-main participants were the Universities of Aarhus and
Jyv+AOQ-skyl+AOQ-, Chalmers+ADw-BR+AD4-University of Technology, CERN and a research institute
in Madrid.+ADw-BR+AD4-Research at CERN was conducted in co-operation with the Helsinki
Institute+ADw-BR+AD4-of Physics.+ADw-BR+AD4APA-BR+AD4-IMPACTS OF AGEING WIDELY DISCUSSED AT
MULTIDISCIPLINARY FORUM+ADw-BR+AD4-Finnish population trends are at a turning point.
According to a+ADw-BR+AD4-Statistics Finland population projection, in 2030 Finland will
have over+ADw-BR+AD4-500,000 more people over the age of 65 than there are now. A low
death+ADw-BR+AD4-rate and immigration have until now kept population growth positive,
but a+ADw-BR+AD4-large-scale ageing of the population will turn growth negative: the
age+ADw-BR+AD4-pyramid will be turned on its head.+ADw-BR+AD4APA-BR+AD4-The first national forum on
ageing research, held in Helsinki on 17+ADw-BR+AD4-December 2004, discussed ageing on
individual and society level and+ADw-BR+AD4-established interaction among
decision-makers, research funding+ADw-BR+AD4-organisations, the research community and
other interest groups. In+ADw-BR+AD4-addition to the Academy of Finland, several
ministries, research+ADw-BR+AD4-institutes and representatives of the research community
participated in+ADw-BR+AD4-the national forum on ageing research.+ADw-BR+AD4APA-BR+AD4-In his speech
at the forum, State Under-Secretary Vesa Vihri+AOQ-l+AOQ- said that+ADw-BR+AD4-research provides
specified views on factors affecting population trends.+ADw-BR+AD4-According to
Vihri+AOQ-l+AOQ-, it is important to study not only factors affecting+ADw-BR+AD4-the life span
and the development of these factors but also the functional+ADw-BR+AD4-capacity, health
and labour market participation of elderly people. Well+ADw-BR+AD4-timed and focused
research helps make better ageing policy - or at least+ADw-BR+AD4-avoid the biggest
mistakes.+ADw-BR+AD4APA-BR+AD4-TOWARDS GREATER FLEXIBILITY AND ORDER IN LEADERSHIP+ADw-BR+AD4-Today's
leadership models are largely single-issue movements: they are+ADw-BR+AD4-aimed either
at flexibility or control or at the internal or external+ADw-BR+AD4-development of the
organisation. In fact, the aim should be to develop+ADw-BR+AD4-both, says Professor Arja
Ropo, Director of the LIIKE Research Programme+ADw-BR+AD4-that ended at year-end 2004.
Ropo and her colleagues are now working on+ADw-BR+AD4-plans for a follow-up on the
four-year programme.+ADw-BR+AD4APA-BR+AD4-''New approaches to leadership are paving the way to
non-hierarchic,+ADw-BR+AD4-collaborative leadership frameworks. The emphasis now is very
much on+ADw-BR+AD4-shared leadership: on disseminating knowledge, ignorance,
respect,+ADw-BR+AD4-know-how, power, decision-making authorities. New leadership is
really a+ADw-BR+AD4-slap in the face for traditional management cultures. Shared
leadership+ADw-BR+AD4-does not engender harmony in the workplace but creates
greater+ADw-BR+AD4-incisiveness, a sharper cutting edge: it recognizes difference,
diversity,+ADw-BR+AD4-pluralism'', Arja Ropo explains.+ADw-BR+AD4APA-BR+AD4-Find enclosed Professor
Ropo's interview+ADw-BR+AD4APA-BR+AD4-FINNISH MEASURING INSTRUMENT EN ROUTE TO SATURN
MOON+ADw-BR+AD4-A numerical computer model developed by the research consortium headed
by+ADw-BR+AD4-Academy of Finland Research Fellow Esa Kallio will be used to
interpret+ADw-BR+AD4-measurement data taken by the Huygens probe, which is en route to
the+ADw-BR+AD4-Saturn moon Titan. Jointly developed by the European Space Agency
(ESA)+ADw-BR+AD4-and National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA),
the+ADw-BR+AD4-Cassini-Huygens space probe is investigating Saturn and its
moons.+ADw-BR+AD4APA-BR+AD4-The computer simulation, which interprets measurement data taken
by the+ADw-BR+AD4-probe, was developed by the Academy-funded ANTARES Space
Research+ADw-BR+AD4-Programme's Dust, Atmospheres and Plasmas in the Solar System
(DAPSS)+ADw-BR+AD4-space research consortium. Kallio's consortium is investigating,
for+ADw-BR+AD4-example, Martian and Titanian atmospheres as well as their
interaction+ADw-BR+AD4-with solar winds. What makes the Saturnine moon Titan
especially+ADw-BR+AD4-interesting is its nitrogen-rich atmosphere, which is similar to
that of+ADw-BR+AD4-the Earth. By researching conditions on Titan, it is hoped that
additional+ADw-BR+AD4-light will be shed on the conditions that prevailed on Earth
during its+ADw-BR+AD4-protobiological evolution.+ADw-BR+AD4APA-BR+AD4-The Huygens probe containing the
Finnish instrument separated from the+ADw-BR+AD4-Cassini mother ship on 25 December
2004. The Huygens probe, which is+ADw-BR+AD4-investigating the atmosphere of Titan,
landed on the moon's surface on 14+ADw-BR+AD4-January 2005.+ADw-BR+AD4APA-BR+AD4APA-BR+AD4-MINOR CONFLICTS
BETWEEN WORK AND FAMILY COMMON+ADw-BR+AD4-According to a study, work and family life are
more effectively harmonised+ADw-BR+AD4-in Finland than in reference countries Great
Britain and Japan. This was+ADw-BR+AD4-the finding of Professor Eero Lahelma's Helsinki
Health Study, which is+ADw-BR+AD4-part of the Academy of Finland's concluding Health
Promotion Research+ADw-BR+AD4-Programme (TERVE).+ADw-BR+AD4APA-BR+AD4-Finns also enjoy better mental
health than their counterparts in the+ADw-BR+AD4-reference countries. Minor conflicts
between work and family explain why+ADw-BR+AD4-Finnish women in particular enjoy much
better mental health than British+ADw-BR+AD4-and Japanese women. Conflicts between work
and family are particularly+ADw-BR+AD4-exacerbated by single parenthood, which results
in poorer mental health.+ADw-BR+AD4APA-BR+AD4-Minor conflicts between work and family are
especially common in Finland.+ADw-BR+AD4-Work intrudes more on family life than vice
versa. There are no+ADw-BR+AD4-differences between genders. Conflicts between work and
family have an+ADw-BR+AD4-impact on general and mental health in both men and women: the
greater the+ADw-BR+AD4-conflicts, the poorer the health.+ADw-BR+AD4APA-BR+AD4-The research focused on
40-60-year-old members of the workforce of the+ADw-BR+AD4-city of Helsinki. Basic data
was compiled during the period 2000-2002, and+ADw-BR+AD4-research continues in a
monitoring capacity. Data was obtained from+ADw-BR+AD4-approximately 9,000 workers using
form questionnaires, from occupational+ADw-BR+AD4-healthcare age-group health
inspections, and from the municipal personal+ADw-BR+AD4-information system. The British
reference subject used was the Whitehall+ADw-BR+AD4-II research project conducted by
London's University College, and the+ADw-BR+AD4-Japanese reference subject used was
studies conducted by the Toyama+ADw-BR+AD4-Medical and Pharmaceutical University on
employees working in the public+ADw-BR+AD4-sector.+ADw-BR+AD4APA-BR+AD4------+ADw-BR+AD4APA-BR+AD4-Academy of
Finland in brief: The Academy's objective is to promote+ADw-BR+AD4-high-level scientific
research through long-term quality-based research+ADw-BR+AD4-funding, research and
science policy expertise and efforts to strengthen+ADw-BR+AD4-the position of science
and scientific research. The Academy makes+ADw-BR+AD4-decisions on research funding
worth over 200 million euros. Each year more+ADw-BR+AD4-than 5,000 people benefit from
Academy research funding. For more+ADw-BR+AD4-information, go to www.aka.fi or send a
message to+ADw-BR+AD4-tiina.pohjois-koivisto+AEA-aka.fi.+ADw-BR+AD4APA-BR+AD4APA-/FONT+AD4APA-/P+AD4APA-/BODY+AD4APA-/HTML+AD4-
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