Impresia mea este ca in toata discutia despre crize si Constitutie, depinde foarte mult si din ce perspectiva este privita problema deoarece Uniunea Europeana fiind un fenomen fara multe precedente. Or din cate stiu, exista doua mari perspective asupra integrarii: neofunctionalismul si interguvernamentalismu liberal (alte conceptii sunt derivate sau au ambitii mai mici).
Prima varianta, teoria Haas considera ca aveam de-a face cu un transfer gradual de atributii si competente de la state/guverne spre un centru, stimulat de conditii poltice si economice. Cooperarea intr-un domeniu (agricultura) va determina, probabil, propagarea intr-un sector inrudit (transporturi), din ratiuni de logica economica si sprijin al elitelor (se pleaca de la premisa managementului etatist al pietei). In cele din urma, vom asista la un transfer al loialitatilor dinspre state spre o noua entitate federala. Este o reflectare a ideilor lui Jean Monnet si a amendarii functionalismului clasic, tip Mitrany, care se refera mai mult la ONU si la agentiile specializate (un fel de peace-building pe termen lung). Partizanii sai asteapta un salt de la EU preponderent economica la uniunitate politica. A doua, teoria Hoffmann-Milward-Moravcsik pune accentual pe interesele guvernelor. Uniunea Europeana este un regim (norme si institutii) creat, pe baza negocierilor, intre guverne ca raspuns la o serie de cerinte in principal economice, interne (stat al bunastarii) si externe (globalizare), contextul geopolitic fiind dat. Institutiile europene au menirea de a supraveghea respectarea angajamentelor statelor membre, convenite in urma armonizarii preferintelor (alternativa la termenul de interes national, stabilite de grupurile de presiune, in interactiune cu guvernele), pe baza mecanismului interdependentei asimetrice (intr-o negociere, cel care are cel mai mult de castigat de pe urma consensului tinde sa cedeze). Structura poltica avand un fundament economic solid, riscul de � spillback � este minim. Problema �deficitiului democratic � este exagerata, fiindca toate institutiile economice din lume, internationale sau nu ar trebui sa fie � tehnocratice �, pentru a evita diverse influente politicianiste. Si eu cred ca UE va supravietui si va depasi mai usor decat se crede problema Constitutiei, dar sunt influentat de perspectiva a doua (si in general de teoriile politice anglo-saxone). Dar am impresia ca dezbaterea despre deficitul democratic se va prelungi destul de mult. Vezi si www.princeton.edu/~amoravcs/ http://eiop.or.at/ http://www.eustudies.org/fora.html Cat despre mr. Blair, nu sunt sigur ca va renunta la rebate, mai ales dupa esecurile din Franta si Germania (alegerile). Probabil va pune din nou pe tapet chestiunea reformei PAC sau ceva asemanator. --- In [email protected], Lucian Branea <[EMAIL PROTECTED]> wrote: > UK faces isolation at EU summit over rebate > By George Parker in Brussels, Leslie Crawford in Madrid and Christopher > Adams in London > Published: June 9 2005 18:22 | Last updated: June 9 2005 18:22 > > Financial Times > > Tony Blair, Britain's prime minister, was on Thursday facing total isolation > at next week's European Union summit, as he fights to save the UK's > controversial rebate from the EU budget. > > Mr Blair came under renewed attack from Jacques Chirac, French president, > who urged him to make "a gesture of solidarity for Europe" by negotiating on > the future of the �4.6bn ($5.38bn) "British cheque". > > While Mr Blair has become accustomed to such criticism, he will have been > stung by Thursday's attack by Silvio Berlusconi, Italian prime minister, who > is one of his closest allies and personal friends in Europe. > > "Our preference remains to have a radical revision of the UK rebate to bring > into force a 'phasing out' mechanism," said Mr Berlusconi, in a letter to > Jean-Claude Juncker, Luxembourg prime minister and chairman of next week's > summit. > > Mr Blair's advisers fear that Britain is being lined up as a scapegoat if > next week's summit fails to agree the next EU budget framework for the > period 2007-13. > inca: http://www.europe.org.ro/forum/viewtopic.php?p=354#354 > > > -- > > ______________ > EuroAtlantic Club > monitoring Romania's journey towards the EU > http://www.europe.org.ro/euroatlantic_club/ > mail to: P.O.Box 13-166, Bucharest 70700 > e-mail to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] ------------------------ Yahoo! Groups Sponsor --------------------~--> Give underprivileged students the materials they need to learn. Bring education to life by funding a specific classroom project. http://us.click.yahoo.com/FHLuJD/_WnJAA/cUmLAA/RR.olB/TM --------------------------------------------------------------------~-> *** sustineti [romania_eu_list] prin 1% din impozitul pe 2005 - detalii la http://www.europe.org.ro/euroatlantic_club/unulasuta.php *** Yahoo! Groups Links <*> To visit your group on the web, go to: http://groups.yahoo.com/group/romania_eu_list/ <*> To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to: [EMAIL PROTECTED] <*> Your use of Yahoo! Groups is subject to: http://docs.yahoo.com/info/terms/
