On Thu, Sep 3, 2009 at 9:15 AM, John H Palmieri <jhpalmier...@gmail.com>wrote:

>
> On Sep 3, 12:36 am, William Stein <wst...@gmail.com> wrote:
> >
> > Sage has the Gaussian integers, and I'm sure the basic arithmetic and
> > functionality is as good or better than Mathematica already.
> >
> > sage: R.<I> = ZZ[sqrt(-1)]; R
> > Order in Number Field in I with defining polynomial x^2 + 1
>
> Okay, this looks like a bug to me:
>
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> | Sage Version 4.1.1, Release Date: 2009-08-14                       |
> | Type notebook() for the GUI, and license() for information.        |
> ----------------------------------------------------------------------
> sage: I
> I
> sage: R.<I> = ZZ[sqrt(-1)]
> sage: I
> 1
> sage: I^2
> 1
>
> Why is I equal to 1 all of a sudden?  Same problem here:
>
> sage: reset()
> sage: R.<a> = ZZ[sqrt(-5)]
> sage: a
> 1
> sage: R.1
> a
> sage: R.1 == a
> False
> sage: (R.1)^2
> -5
> sage: R.inject_variables()
> Defining a
> sage: a
> 1
>
>
> Ouch.
> --
>

it's actually not a bug; it's confusing (in this particular situation)
documented behavior.  It's clearly confusing.

What is happening is that R = ZZ[blah, blahs] constructs the smallest
*order* that contains blahs.  These aren't in general monogenic (generated
by one element), so R.gens() is just a ZZ basis for that order.  So:

sage: ZZ[sqrt(-5)]
Order in Number Field in a with defining polynomial x^2 + 5
sage: ZZ[sqrt(-5)].gens()
[1, a]
sage: R.<a,b> = ZZ[sqrt(-5)]
sage: b^2
-5

Obviously this is confusing in this special cases, as we were both
confused.  Number fields are monogenic so work as expected:

sage: R.<I> = QQ[sqrt(-1)]
sage: I^2
-1
sage: R.gens()
(I,)

William

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