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I've attached a sample tex file.
If you typeset it (i'm using XeLaTeX and SageTeX), you'll see that png
files are upscaled (badly, i might add). Turns out - they lack DPI
information. If you typeset it (completely, with XeLaTex+Sage+XeLaTeX
dance) once, then open up the png file it produces and change its DPI
metadata (in Gimp - Image->Print size...) to 300ppi, save it, then
typeset it again (without running Sage to re-generate the image this
time), it would render correctly on a page.
In the attached file i'm using width=4.2cm to do the same thing
indirectly, to demonstrate how the image should look, but that's
inconvenient (you have to do the math yourself and specify correct
width and figsize (if needed) separately).
I suspect that mathplotlib is to blame, and wanted to dig further, but
i thought i'd ask here first.
P.S. Note that i have to specify [png] when invoking sageplot,
otherwise SageTeX will fall back to png, but then claim that png is
unsupported (bullshit) and advice to use pdflatex. The use of
[imagemagick] in sagetex invocation doesn't change anything.
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\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{fullpage}
\usepackage[cm-default]{fontspec}
\setromanfont{FreeSerif}
\setsansfont{FreeSans}
\setmonofont{FreeMono}
\usepackage{polyglossia}
\setdefaultlanguage{russian}
\setotherlanguage{english}
\usepackage{sagetex}
\begin{document}
С помощью Sage\TeX{} можно использовать Sage для вычислений, и вставлять
результаты в документ \LaTeX. Например, существует
$\sage{number_of_partitions(1269)}$ разбиений числа $1269$. Вычислять это
самостоятельно нет необходимости, и не нужно даже вырезать и вставлять
откуда-то это значение.
Вот пример кода Sage:
\begin{sageblock}
f(x,y) = exp(x) * sin(2*x) + y
\end{sageblock}
Вторая производная функции $f$ - это
\[
\frac{
\mathrm{d}^{2}
}{
\mathrm{d}x^{2}
} \sage{f(x,y)} =
\sage{diff(f, x, 2)(x)}.
\]
Вот график функции $f$ от $-1$ до $1$:
\sageplot[
scale=0.5
]{
implicit_plot(f, (x, -1, 1), (y, -1, 1))
}
А вот трёхмерный график:
\begin{sagesilent}
u, v = var('u,v')
fx = (3+sin(v)+cos(u))*cos(2*v)
fy = (3+sin(v)+cos(u))*sin(2*v)
fz = sin(u)+2*cos(v)
\end{sagesilent}
\begin{english}
This 3d plot looks awful:
\end{english}
{\fbox{\sageplot[][png]{parametric_plot3d([fx, fy, fz], (u, 0, 2*pi), (v, 0,
2*pi),frame=False,dpi=300)}}
\begin{english}
This 3d plot looks OK (scaled to match its actual dpi - its actual resolution
is 500x500, so at 300dpi (118 dots per cm) its size should have been 4.2cm):
\end{english}
{\fbox{\sageplot[width=4.2cm][png]{parametric_plot3d([fx, fy, fz], (u, 0,
2*pi), (v, 0, 2*pi),frame=False,dpi=300)}}
\end{document}
