The branch, master has been updated
via 181a3fa swrap: wrap __close_nocancel() if available
via ba970e5 swrap: export a public socket_wrapper_indicate_no_inet_fd()
helper function
via efd2967 swrap: introduce a socket_wrapper_noop.so and
socket_wrapper.h to provide noop stubs
via 4ad5a5a swrap: split out swrap_remove_wrapper() to handle
swrap_close() and swrap_remove_stale()
via d28fdbf swrap: remember the libc_close() errno in swrap_close()
via 167009f swrap: call libc_write() directly for internal fds
via 2cf4c54 swrap: warn about unreachable addresses
from 85b51c2 Bump version to 1.3.2
https://git.samba.org/?p=socket_wrapper.git;a=shortlog;h=master
- Log -----------------------------------------------------------------
commit 181a3fa5e4c242d72d311f5baa771c680647eda7
Author: Stefan Metzmacher <me...@samba.org>
Date: Wed Feb 17 10:58:29 2021 +0100
swrap: wrap __close_nocancel() if available
While it's no possible to inject swrap__close_nocancel() into
libc.so.6 directly, because it's no weak symbol, it seems to
be possible to inject it to other glibc libraries like
libpthread.so.0, which is better than nothing.
BUG: https://bugzilla.samba.org/show_bug.cgi?id=14640
Signed-off-by: Stefan Metzmacher <me...@samba.org>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Schneider <a...@samba.org>
commit ba970e5d32cceb0750eaa71fb83da3e2eef881d5
Author: Stefan Metzmacher <me...@samba.org>
Date: Wed Feb 17 12:29:27 2021 +0100
swrap: export a public socket_wrapper_indicate_no_inet_fd() helper function
BUG: https://bugzilla.samba.org/show_bug.cgi?id=14640
Signed-off-by: Stefan Metzmacher <me...@samba.org>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Schneider <a...@samba.org>
commit efd2967e060a3a7ca3de589a23511bb38151ed8b
Author: Stefan Metzmacher <me...@samba.org>
Date: Wed Feb 24 12:45:26 2021 +0100
swrap: introduce a socket_wrapper_noop.so and socket_wrapper.h to provide
noop stubs
Applications with the need to call socket_wrapper_enabled() should link
against -lsocket_wrapper_noop in order to resolve the symbol at
link time.
BUG: https://bugzilla.samba.org/show_bug.cgi?id=14640
Signed-off-by: Stefan Metzmacher <me...@samba.org>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Schneider <a...@samba.org>
commit 4ad5a5af0bdf94497f068f10d6c09520702fd50f
Author: Stefan Metzmacher <me...@samba.org>
Date: Wed Feb 17 12:14:06 2021 +0100
swrap: split out swrap_remove_wrapper() to handle swrap_close() and
swrap_remove_stale()
Except of closing the fd, both should do the same, even indicating a TCP
close in the pcap file.
BUG: https://bugzilla.samba.org/show_bug.cgi?id=14640
Signed-off-by: Stefan Metzmacher <me...@samba.org>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Schneider <a...@samba.org>
commit d28fdbf203976290e6ba97577e1979df8f99bb61
Author: Stefan Metzmacher <me...@samba.org>
Date: Wed Feb 17 12:14:06 2021 +0100
swrap: remember the libc_close() errno in swrap_close()
BUG: https://bugzilla.samba.org/show_bug.cgi?id=14640
Signed-off-by: Stefan Metzmacher <me...@samba.org>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Schneider <a...@samba.org>
commit 167009f6ac1186aeeabffc29368bd5b375d9861f
Author: Stefan Metzmacher <me...@samba.org>
Date: Wed Feb 17 11:00:53 2021 +0100
swrap: call libc_write() directly for internal fds
Otherwise we may deadlock with a backtrace like this:
swrap_accept():
...
SWRAP_LOCK_SI(si);
swrap_pcap_dump_packet() ->
write() ->
swrap_write() ->
SWRAP_LOCK_SI(si) -> abort()
This can happen if libc_open() called from swrap_pcap_get_fd()
return a stale fd. This may happen if glibc calls socket()
and closes it with __close_nocancel() instead of close().
BUG: https://bugzilla.samba.org/show_bug.cgi?id=14640
Signed-off-by: Stefan Metzmacher <me...@samba.org>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Schneider <a...@samba.org>
commit 2cf4c543d614e3263fa261e4584716d5b7771f09
Author: Stefan Metzmacher <me...@samba.org>
Date: Wed Feb 17 11:41:38 2021 +0100
swrap: warn about unreachable addresses
BUG: https://bugzilla.samba.org/show_bug.cgi?id=14640
Signed-off-by: Stefan Metzmacher <me...@samba.org>
Reviewed-by: Andreas Schneider <a...@samba.org>
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Summary of changes:
CMakeLists.txt | 10 ++
ConfigureChecks.cmake | 1 +
config.h.cmake | 1 +
doc/socket_wrapper.1 | 114 +++++++++++++--
doc/socket_wrapper.1.adoc | 48 +++++++
socket_wrapper_noop.pc.cmake | 8 ++
src/CMakeLists.txt | 32 +++++
src/socket_wrapper.c | 157 ++++++++++++++-------
src/socket_wrapper.h | 89 ++++++++++++
.../thread_deadlock.c => src/socket_wrapper_noop.c | 52 +++----
tests/CMakeLists.txt | 3 +-
tests/test_public_functions.c | 109 ++++++++++++++
tests/test_tcp_dup2.c | 20 ++-
13 files changed, 546 insertions(+), 98 deletions(-)
create mode 100644 socket_wrapper_noop.pc.cmake
create mode 100644 src/socket_wrapper.h
copy tests/thread_deadlock.c => src/socket_wrapper_noop.c (64%)
create mode 100644 tests/test_public_functions.c
Changeset truncated at 500 lines:
diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index 13be7fb..8927ebb 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -71,6 +71,16 @@ install(
pkgconfig
)
+configure_file(socket_wrapper_noop.pc.cmake
${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/socket_wrapper_noop.pc @ONLY)
+install(
+ FILES
+ ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/socket_wrapper_noop.pc
+ DESTINATION
+ ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}/pkgconfig
+ COMPONENT
+ pkgconfig
+)
+
# cmake config files
configure_file(socket_wrapper-config-version.cmake.in
${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/socket_wrapper-config-version.cmake @ONLY)
configure_file(socket_wrapper-config.cmake.in
${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/socket_wrapper-config.cmake @ONLY)
diff --git a/ConfigureChecks.cmake b/ConfigureChecks.cmake
index bfb8c17..2c78b83 100644
--- a/ConfigureChecks.cmake
+++ b/ConfigureChecks.cmake
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ check_function_exists(getexecname HAVE_GETEXECNAME)
check_function_exists(pledge HAVE_PLEDGE)
check_function_exists(_socket HAVE__SOCKET)
check_function_exists(_close HAVE__CLOSE)
+check_function_exists(__close_nocancel HAVE___CLOSE_NOCANCEL)
if (UNIX)
find_library(DLFCN_LIBRARY dl)
diff --git a/config.h.cmake b/config.h.cmake
index 1148f74..0f2fb09 100644
--- a/config.h.cmake
+++ b/config.h.cmake
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@
#cmakedefine HAVE_PLEDGE 1
#cmakedefine HAVE__SOCKET 1
#cmakedefine HAVE__CLOSE 1
+#cmakedefine HAVE___CLOSE_NOCANCEL 1
#cmakedefine HAVE_ACCEPT_PSOCKLEN_T 1
#cmakedefine HAVE_IOCTL_INT 1
diff --git a/doc/socket_wrapper.1 b/doc/socket_wrapper.1
index 0272c63..c988227 100644
--- a/doc/socket_wrapper.1
+++ b/doc/socket_wrapper.1
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
'\" t
.\" Title: socket_wrapper
.\" Author: Samba Team
-.\" Generator: Asciidoctor 2.0.12
-.\" Date: 2021-02-02
+.\" Generator: Asciidoctor 2.0.10
+.\" Date: 2021-02-24
.\" Manual: \ \&
.\" Source: \ \&
.\" Language: English
.\"
-.TH "SOCKET_WRAPPER" "1" "2021-02-02" "\ \&" "\ \&"
+.TH "SOCKET_WRAPPER" "1" "2021-02-24" "\ \&" "\ \&"
.ie \n(.g .ds Aq \(aq
.el .ds Aq '
.ss \n[.ss] 0
@@ -214,54 +214,142 @@ to be usable.
.sp
.if n .RS 4
.nf
-.fam C
# Open a console and create a directory for the unix sockets.
$ mktemp \-d
/tmp/tmp.bQRELqDrhM
-.fam
.fi
.if n .RE
.sp
.if n .RS 4
.nf
-.fam C
# Then start nc to listen for network traffic using the temporary directory.
$ LD_PRELOAD=libsocket_wrapper.so \(rs
SOCKET_WRAPPER_DIR=/tmp/tmp.bQRELqDrhM \(rs
SOCKET_WRAPPER_DEFAULT_IFACE=10 nc \-v \-l 127.0.0.10 7
-.fam
.fi
.if n .RE
.sp
.if n .RS 4
.nf
-.fam C
# (If nc, listens on 0.0.0.0 then listener will be open on 127.0.0.10 because
# it is the default interface)
-.fam
.fi
.if n .RE
.sp
.if n .RS 4
.nf
-.fam C
# Now open another console and start \(aqnc\(aq as a client to connect to the
server:
$ LD_PRELOAD=libsocket_wrapper.so \(rs
SOCKET_WRAPPER_DIR=/tmp/tmp.bQRELqDrhM \(rs
SOCKET_WRAPPER_DEFAULT_IFACE=100 nc \-v 127.0.0.10 7
-.fam
.fi
.if n .RE
.sp
.if n .RS 4
.nf
-.fam C
# (The client will use the address 127.0.0.100 when connecting to the server)
# Now you can type \(aqHello!\(aq which will be sent to the server and should
appear
# in the console output of the server.
-.fam
.fi
.if n .RE
+.SH "PUBLIC FUNCTIONS"
+.sp
+Socket wrapper advanced helpers.
+.sp
+Applications with the need to alter their behaviour when
+socket wrapper is active, can link use these functions.
+.sp
+By default it\(cqs required for applications to use any of these
+functions as libsocket_wrapper.so is injected at runtime via
+LD_PRELOAD.
+.sp
+Applications using these functions should link against
+libsocket_wrapper_noop.so by using \-lsocket_wrapper_noop,
+or implement their own noop stubs.
+.sp
+#include <socket_wrapper.h>
+.sp
+bool socket_wrapper_enabled(void);
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+. sp -1
+. IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+This returns true when socket wrapper is actively in use.
+.RE
+.sp
+void socket_wrapper_indicate_no_inet_fd(int fd);
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+. sp -1
+. IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+This allows socket_wrapper aware applications to
+indicate that the given fd does not belong to
+an inet socket.
+.RE
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+. sp -1
+. IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+socket_wrapper may not be able to intercept the __close_nocancel()
+syscall made from within libc.so. As result it\(cqs possible
+that the in memory meta date of socket_wrapper references
+stale file descriptors, which are already reused for unrelated
+kernel objects, e.g. files, directories, ...
+.RE
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+. sp -1
+. IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+Socket wrapper already intercepts a lot of unrelated
+functions like eventfd(), timerfd_create(), ... in order
+to remove stale meta data for the returned fd, but
+it will never be able to handle all possible syscalls.
+.RE
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+. sp -1
+. IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+socket_wrapper_indicate_no_inet_fd() gives applications a way
+to do the same, explicitly without waiting for new syscalls to
+be added to libsocket_wrapper.so.
+.RE
+.sp
+.RS 4
+.ie n \{\
+\h'-04'\(bu\h'+03'\c
+.\}
+.el \{\
+. sp -1
+. IP \(bu 2.3
+.\}
+This is a no\-op if socket_wrapper is not in use or
+if the there is no in memory meta data for the given fd.
+.RE
.SH "RESOURCES"
.sp
\fBProject web site:\fP \c
diff --git a/doc/socket_wrapper.1.adoc b/doc/socket_wrapper.1.adoc
index 9519fd4..39c46ee 100644
--- a/doc/socket_wrapper.1.adoc
+++ b/doc/socket_wrapper.1.adoc
@@ -133,6 +133,54 @@ EXAMPLE
# Now you can type 'Hello!' which will be sent to the server and should
appear
# in the console output of the server.
+PUBLIC FUNCTIONS
+----------------
+
+Socket wrapper advanced helpers.
+
+Applications with the need to alter their behaviour when
+socket wrapper is active, can link use these functions.
+
+By default it's required for applications to use any of these
+functions as libsocket_wrapper.so is injected at runtime via
+LD_PRELOAD.
+
+Applications using these functions should link against
+libsocket_wrapper_noop.so by using -lsocket_wrapper_noop,
+or implement their own noop stubs.
+
+#include <socket_wrapper.h>
+
+bool socket_wrapper_enabled(void);
+
+- This returns true when socket wrapper is actively in use.
+
+
+void socket_wrapper_indicate_no_inet_fd(int fd);
+
+- This allows socket_wrapper aware applications to
+ indicate that the given fd does not belong to
+ an inet socket.
+
+- socket_wrapper may not be able to intercept the __close_nocancel()
+ syscall made from within libc.so. As result it's possible
+ that the in memory meta date of socket_wrapper references
+ stale file descriptors, which are already reused for unrelated
+ kernel objects, e.g. files, directories, ...
+
+- Socket wrapper already intercepts a lot of unrelated
+ functions like eventfd(), timerfd_create(), ... in order
+ to remove stale meta data for the returned fd, but
+ it will never be able to handle all possible syscalls.
+
+- socket_wrapper_indicate_no_inet_fd() gives applications a way
+ to do the same, explicitly without waiting for new syscalls to
+ be added to libsocket_wrapper.so.
+
+- This is a no-op if socket_wrapper is not in use or
+ if the there is no in memory meta data for the given fd.
+
+
RESOURCES
---------
diff --git a/socket_wrapper_noop.pc.cmake b/socket_wrapper_noop.pc.cmake
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5c8ac49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/socket_wrapper_noop.pc.cmake
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+libdir=@CMAKE_INSTALL_FULL_LIBDIR@
+includedir=@CMAKE_INSTALL_FULL_INCLUDEDIR@
+
+Name: @PROJECT_NAME@
+Description: The socket_wrapper_noop library
+Version: @PROJECT_VERSION@
+Libs: -L${libdir} -lsocket_wrapper_noop
+Cflags: -I${includedir}
diff --git a/src/CMakeLists.txt b/src/CMakeLists.txt
index 73f8cd0..ac56c86 100644
--- a/src/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -27,3 +27,35 @@ install(TARGETS socket_wrapper
)
set(SOCKET_WRAPPER_LOCATION
"${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/${CMAKE_SHARED_LIBRARY_PREFIX}socket_wrapper${CMAKE_SHARED_LIBRARY_SUFFIX}"
PARENT_SCOPE)
+
+add_library(socket_wrapper_noop SHARED socket_wrapper_noop.c)
+target_include_directories(socket_wrapper_noop
+ PRIVATE
+ ${CMAKE_BINARY_DIR})
+target_compile_options(socket_wrapper_noop
+ PRIVATE
+ ${DEFAULT_C_COMPILE_FLAGS}
+ -D_GNU_SOURCE)
+target_link_libraries(socket_wrapper_noop ${SWRAP_REQUIRED_LIBRARIES}
${CMAKE_THREAD_LIBS_INIT})
+set_target_properties(socket_wrapper_noop
+ PROPERTIES
+ VERSION ${LIBRARY_VERSION}
+ SOVERSION ${LIBRARY_SOVERSION})
+if (DEFINED DEFAULT_LINK_FLAGS)
+ set_target_properties(socket_wrapper_noop
+ PROPERTIES
+ LINK_FLAGS ${DEFAULT_LINK_FLAGS})
+endif()
+
+install(TARGETS socket_wrapper_noop
+ RUNTIME DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR}
+ LIBRARY DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}
+ ARCHIVE DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_LIBDIR}
+)
+
+install(
+ FILES
+ ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/socket_wrapper.h
+ DESTINATION
+ ${CMAKE_INSTALL_INCLUDEDIR}
+)
diff --git a/src/socket_wrapper.c b/src/socket_wrapper.c
index a950a0a..44cfad8 100644
--- a/src/socket_wrapper.c
+++ b/src/socket_wrapper.c
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
* BSD 3-Clause License
*
* Copyright (c) 2005-2008, Jelmer Vernooij <jel...@samba.org>
- * Copyright (c) 2006-2018, Stefan Metzmacher <me...@samba.org>
- * Copyright (c) 2013-2018, Andreas Schneider <a...@samba.org>
+ * Copyright (c) 2006-2021, Stefan Metzmacher <me...@samba.org>
+ * Copyright (c) 2013-2021, Andreas Schneider <a...@samba.org>
* Copyright (c) 2014-2017, Michael Adam <ob...@samba.org>
* Copyright (c) 2016-2018, Anoop C S <anoo...@redhat.com>
* All rights reserved.
@@ -86,6 +86,8 @@
#endif
#include <pthread.h>
+#include "socket_wrapper.h"
+
enum swrap_dbglvl_e {
SWRAP_LOG_ERROR = 0,
SWRAP_LOG_WARN,
@@ -370,7 +372,7 @@ static pthread_mutex_t autobind_start_mutex =
PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
/* Mutex to guard the initialization of array of socket_info structures */
static pthread_mutex_t sockets_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
-/* Mutex to guard the socket reset in swrap_close() and swrap_remove_stale() */
+/* Mutex to guard the socket reset in swrap_remove_wrapper() */
static pthread_mutex_t socket_reset_mutex = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
/* Mutex to synchronize access to first free index in socket_info array */
@@ -392,8 +394,6 @@ static pthread_mutex_t mtu_update_mutex =
PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
/* Function prototypes */
-bool socket_wrapper_enabled(void);
-
#if ! defined(HAVE_CONSTRUCTOR_ATTRIBUTE) && defined(HAVE_PRAGMA_INIT)
/* xlC and other oldschool compilers support (only) this */
#pragma init (swrap_constructor)
@@ -492,6 +492,9 @@ typedef int (*__libc_bind)(int sockfd,
const struct sockaddr *addr,
socklen_t addrlen);
typedef int (*__libc_close)(int fd);
+#ifdef HAVE___CLOSE_NOCANCEL
+typedef int (*__libc___close_nocancel)(int fd);
+#endif
typedef int (*__libc_connect)(int sockfd,
const struct sockaddr *addr,
socklen_t addrlen);
@@ -572,6 +575,9 @@ struct swrap_libc_symbols {
#endif
SWRAP_SYMBOL_ENTRY(bind);
SWRAP_SYMBOL_ENTRY(close);
+#ifdef HAVE___CLOSE_NOCANCEL
+ SWRAP_SYMBOL_ENTRY(__close_nocancel);
+#endif
SWRAP_SYMBOL_ENTRY(connect);
SWRAP_SYMBOL_ENTRY(dup);
SWRAP_SYMBOL_ENTRY(dup2);
@@ -851,6 +857,15 @@ static int libc_close(int fd)
return swrap.libc.symbols._libc_close.f(fd);
}
+#ifdef HAVE___CLOSE_NOCANCEL
+static int libc___close_nocancel(int fd)
+{
+ swrap_bind_symbol_all();
+
+ return swrap.libc.symbols._libc___close_nocancel.f(fd);
+}
+#endif /* HAVE___CLOSE_NOCANCEL */
+
static int libc_connect(int sockfd,
const struct sockaddr *addr,
socklen_t addrlen)
@@ -1199,6 +1214,9 @@ static void __swrap_bind_symbol_all_once(void)
#endif
swrap_bind_symbol_libsocket(bind);
swrap_bind_symbol_libc(close);
+#ifdef HAVE___CLOSE_NOCANCEL
+ swrap_bind_symbol_libc(__close_nocancel);
+#endif
swrap_bind_symbol_libsocket(connect);
swrap_bind_symbol_libc(dup);
swrap_bind_symbol_libc(dup2);
@@ -2027,6 +2045,13 @@ static int convert_in_un_remote(struct socket_info *si,
const struct sockaddr *i
type = u_type;
iface = (addr & 0x000000FF);
} else {
+ char str[256] = {0,};
+ inet_ntop(inaddr->sa_family,
+ &in->sin_addr,
+ str, sizeof(str));
+ SWRAP_LOG(SWRAP_LOG_WARN,
+ "str[%s] prt[%u]",
+ str, (unsigned)prt);
errno = ENETUNREACH;
return -1;
}
@@ -2062,6 +2087,13 @@ static int convert_in_un_remote(struct socket_info *si,
const struct sockaddr *i
if (IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&cmp1, &cmp2)) {
iface = in->sin6_addr.s6_addr[15];
} else {
+ char str[256] = {0,};
+ inet_ntop(inaddr->sa_family,
+ &in->sin6_addr,
+ str, sizeof(str));
+ SWRAP_LOG(SWRAP_LOG_WARN,
+ "str[%s] prt[%u]",
+ str, (unsigned)prt);
errno = ENETUNREACH;
return -1;
}
@@ -2390,46 +2422,7 @@ static bool check_addr_port_in_use(const struct sockaddr
*sa, socklen_t len)
}
#endif
-static void swrap_remove_stale(int fd)
-{
- struct socket_info *si;
- int si_index;
-
- SWRAP_LOG(SWRAP_LOG_TRACE, "remove stale wrapper for %d", fd);
-
- swrap_mutex_lock(&socket_reset_mutex);
-
- si_index = find_socket_info_index(fd);
- if (si_index == -1) {
- swrap_mutex_unlock(&socket_reset_mutex);
- return;
- }
-
- reset_socket_info_index(fd);
-
- si = swrap_get_socket_info(si_index);
-
- swrap_mutex_lock(&first_free_mutex);
- SWRAP_LOCK_SI(si);
-
- swrap_dec_refcount(si);
-
- if (swrap_get_refcount(si) > 0) {
- goto out;
- }
-
- if (si->un_addr.sun_path[0] != '\0') {
- unlink(si->un_addr.sun_path);
- }
-
- swrap_set_next_free(si, first_free);
- first_free = si_index;
-
-out:
- SWRAP_UNLOCK_SI(si);
- swrap_mutex_unlock(&first_free_mutex);
- swrap_mutex_unlock(&socket_reset_mutex);
-}
+static void swrap_remove_stale(int fd);
static int sockaddr_convert_to_un(struct socket_info *si,
const struct sockaddr *in_addr,
@@ -2990,7 +2983,7 @@ static int swrap_pcap_get_fd(const char *fname)
file_hdr.frame_max_len = SWRAP_FRAME_LENGTH_MAX;
file_hdr.link_type = 0x0065; /* 101 RAW IP */
--
Socket Wrapper Repository
